Transcript Presentation

Chapter 12 Section 3
Deborah Thompson
Mongol soldiers used
silk clothes instead of
heavy armor in battle.
When a soldier was hit
with an arrow, the
arrow entered the
soldier’s body but could
be easily removed
because the arrowhead
was caught in the
soldier’s silk clothing.
Who were the Mongols?
• Genghis Khan and his sons built the Mongol
Empire, which stretched from the Pacific
Ocean to Eastern Europe
• The Mongols conquered China and created a
new dynasty that tried to conquer Japan
and began trading with the rest of Asia.
• They lived in tribes, or groups of
related families.
• They were nomadic herders who
grazed their animals on the
steppes, wide, rolling grassy plains.
Ability to ride
horses
Mongols were
known for:
Ability to
wage
war
His name was Temujin,
which means
“blacksmith.”
He became Genghis Khan
which means
“strong ruler.”
Actions of Genghis Khan
Gathered an
army of
100,000
soldiers
Drafted
a law
code
Created a
group of tribal
chiefs to help
him plan military
campaigns
Chose army
officers
for ability,
not family
ties
1st
conquered
steppes
Invaded China
in 1211 then
conquered
kingdoms that
controlled
parts of the
Silk Road
Baghdad fell
Ghengis Khan died
to Mongols in
in 1227, and
1258. Egyptians stopped
his empire was
their advance.
dividedAmong 4 sons.
his grandson united
the empire
The Mongols
created the largest
empire the world
had ever seen.
Peace helped
Mongols gain wealth through
taxing trade.
They
respected
cultures
of places
conquered and
adopted beliefs
and customs
of many
places.
They learned
much from
the
Chinese,
including
gunpowder
and the fire
lance.
Adopted
inventions and
ideas helped
strenghthen
the
Mongol
military.
Mongols conquered China and created a new dynasty
that tried to conquer Japan and began trading with
the rest of Asia.
Kublai Khan
became the
new khan
(ruler).
He completely wiped
out the Song Dynasty
within a decade
by conquering
southern China.
He moved the
Capital from
Karakorum to
Khanbaliq
(now modern
Beijing).
He set up the Yuan Dynasty.
Yuan means beginning. It lasted for only about 100
years,and 30 of that was led by Kublai Khan
This is a painting depicting Mongols under the
Dynasty. Notice the dress of the people and
skin color.
Mongol Empire Under Genghis Khan 1227
Mongol Empire 1294
Mongol leaders
had top
government jobs.
The Mongols
had their own
language,
laws, and
customs.
There was little
mixing with the
Chinese.
Mongols
in
China
The Mongols had a
policy of tolerance.
Many Chinese
scholarofficials
ran the
Government.
Mongols were
mostly Buddhist,
but they allowed other
religions from outside
China to exist
within the empire.
Mongols welcomed
foreigners
because they
mistrusted the
Chinese.
Many foreigners
came
to China because of
wider trade
with the west.
China became very wealthy during
Mongol rule. Khanbaliq was known for its
splendor and accommodations.
Flow of Goods in China
Imports:
Imported
silver,
spices,
silver, spices,
carpets,
and cotton.
carpets,
and cotton
Exports:
Tea, silk, porcelain, and
ppppp
discoveries such as:
gunpowder, the compass
and steelmaking
Exported tea, silk,
porcelain, steel, gunpowder,
and the compass.
“I
did not tell half of
what I saw.”
-these were the last
words of Marco Polo
Importance of
Marco Polo
He traveled from Venice,
Italy to China in the
1200s to serve
Kublai Khan.
He made many exploratory
trips for Kublai Khan in 16
years and wrote a book
about his travels and about
the wonders of China.
Mongols conquered
Vietnam and North
Korea.
Koryo
(leaders in
Korea)
accepted the
Mongols like
the Chinese
and remained
in power
there.
Mongol
invasions
Forced labor
in Korea
helped the
Mongols plan
an invasion on
the island
nation of
Japan.