Transcript Ancient History of China

Unit #2 – East Asia
Lesson #2
ANCIENT HISTORY of
CHINA
Map Practice
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Check that you did your HW
Work on practice
Practice Quiz is tomorrow
Real map quiz is Thursday
Friday is a “regular” quiz on packet info.
From lessons 1-4
Chinese History
1. Time periods divided into “Dynasties”
2. A dynasty is a time of one family in power
3. Chinese believed rules ruled because
God willed it.
4. God showed he no longer wanted the
family by punishing the whole country
5. That means they lost “the mandate of
heaven
Dynasties
1. Shang
2. Zhou
3. Qin (Chin)
4. Han **
5. Sui
Mongols
6. Tang
7. Song
8. Yuan (Mongols)
9. Ming
10.Qing (Ching) (Manchus)
Shi Huandi
(First Emperor)
Dynastic Cycle (329)
New Dynasty claims
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
New Dynasty claims
Mandate of Heaven
Mandate of
Heaven
PROBLEMS
AGING DYNASTY
GOOD TIMES
Dynastic Cycle
New Dynasty claims
Mandate of Heaven
Mandate of
Heaven
PROBLEMS
AGING DYNASTY
GOOD TIMES
Fair laws
land to peasants
Repair of defenses
Economy Strong
Dynastic Cycle
New Dynasty claims
Mandate of Heaven
Mandate of
Heaven
PROBLEMS
GOOD TIMES
Fair laws
land to peasants
Repair of defenses
Economy Strong
AGING DYNASTY
Public works projects ignored
Wars with foreigners lost
Taxes increase – burden falls on poor
Defensive walls in state of disrepair
Dynastic Cycle
New Dynasty claims
Mandate of Heaven
Mandate of
Heaven
PROBLEMS
Floods & natural disasters
Foreign invasions
Peasants suffering increases
Armed bandits roam land
Peasants rebel
GOOD TIMES
Fair laws
land to peasants
Repair of defenses
Economy Strong
AGING DYNASTY
Public works projects ignored
Wars with foreigners lost
Taxes increase – burden falls on poor
Defensive walls in state of disrepair
Philosophies & religion
(Name two significant facts for each)
Buddhism (332)
Confucianism (330)
Taoism (Daoism) (331)
Legalism (332)
What most frustrates you?
What would you most like to
have, something you don’t
already have?
Is there any way you could just
ignore that desire?
If you could refuse to desire more…
If you could not get frustrated
YOU JUST REACHED NIRVANA
Buddhism (332)
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From India
No beginning, no end
Acceptance of everything
No worldly desires
• Four Noble Truths
– Life is suffering
– Suffering caused by craving worldly pleasures
– Suffering ends when craving ends (Enlightenment)
– Reach Enlightenment by following the Buddha.
Describe Nirvana (Buddhist heaven)
3 Philosophies of China
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Purpose: create order in society
They are NOT religions
There are NO gods
There is NO sacred book
There is NO discussion of an after-life
3 Philosophies of China
• Confucianism (330)
– Life is focused on RESPECT FOR OTHERS
• Taoism (Daoism) (331)
– Life is focused on HARMONY WITH NATURE
• Legalism (332)
– Life is full of STRICT RULES & OBEDIENCE
Confucianism
• Creates order in society
• Five Key Relationships
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Father to son
Husband to wife
Ruler to followers
Brother to brother
Friend to friend
K’ung Futse
Respect for ruler
Care for follower
Filial piety (Complete obedience to parents)
Education, Honesty, Hard Work
How is this a Confucius relationship
How is this NOT a Confucius
relationship
How is this a Confucius relationship
How is this NOT a Confucius
relationship
Taoism
• Tao = “the way”
• Harmony with Nature
• Balanced life
Lao-Tse
Yin & Yang
(Click for music)
Man and butterfly story
How is this a Taoist way to learn?
How is this a Taoist way of parenting?
Legalism
• Strict Rules
• Harsh Punishments
• Developed for Qin
(Shi Huang di)
Shang Yang
The way schools used to discipline
Guess the philosophy style:
Legalism
Because it includes fear
and punishment
Guess the philosophy style:
Guess the philosophy style:
Guess the philosophy style:
Guess the philosophy style:
Guess the philosophy style:
Guess the philosophy style:
Buddhism in Japan
• Called ZEN BUDDHISM
• Adopted by the Samurai for meditation
(in China, they called it “Ch’en” Buddhim,
but in Japan, it’s ZEN BUDDDHISM)
JAPANESE ZEN BUDDHIST TRADTIONS:
• Tea Ceremony
• Tea House
Tea Ceremony
•Ritualized
•Run by Tea Master
•Matcha Tea (frothy)
•Meditation – no talking
•Lots of Bowing
Tea House
•On your knees
•Simple decorations, quiet
•Meditation
Describe Zen Buddhism
Choose two Asian beliefs
1. The one you’d most like to live by:
(explain why)
2. The one you least like to live by:
(explain why)