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L.O: Understand China’s timeline
from the Qin Dynasty to present.
KEY WORDS
Dynasty, Confucianism, Philosophy,
Unification, Abdication, Republic,
Communism, Innovation, Revolution.
Match the word and the meaning!
a)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
dynasty
Confucianism
philosophy
unification
nationalist
Communism
innovation
revolution
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Devotion to the interests or culture of
one's nation.
The introduction of something new.
the overthrow of a government by its
people
A way of thinking about the world,
society and universe and how we
behave as individuals in it.
A political way of thinking: no social
classes, with common ownership of
tools, factories, and farms that are
used to produce goods and food.
The process of being united or made
into a whole.
An ethical system and way of thinking
developed by the philosopher
‘Confucius’.
A period of time when a country is
ruled by people from the same family.
Shang Dynasty
• The first Chinese dynasty for which clear
written evidence exists.
• 1700-1046 BC.
• A long period where China was a series
of independent states.
• Kung Fu/other martial arts
started to flourish.
Qin Shihuangdi unites China
• Known as The First Emperor, Qin
Shihuangdi is ruthless in his quest to unify
many independent states.
• He starts building ‘The Great Wall.’
• He invents new political and
monetary systems for the ‘united China’.
• 221 – 206 BC.
Han Dynasty
• Golden age: China grows even stronger.
• Growth in economy/money
• Start of Confucianism as a state
philosophy.
• 206-220 AD.
Opium Wars
•
•
•
•
Also known as the Anglo-Chinese Wars.
First Opium War: 1839 to 1842
Second Opium War: 1856 to 1860.
Disputes over trade and diplomatic relations
between China and the British Empire.
• Chinese originally used opium for medicinal
purposes. British mixed it with tobacco – Chinese
people widely addicted to it and became
dependent on trading with Britain for it (sourced
from East India Company).
Century of Humiliation
• Immediately after the Opium Wars.
• China weakened financially and
addiction was widespread.
• Mass foreign invasion – Japan and
Imperialist Britain.
• 1839-1949
Terracotta Warriors are discovered
• A farmer from near Xi’an tries to dig for a new
well in 1974 and discovers a whole number of
broken ancient terracotta figures.
• Protecting the tomb of Qinshihuangdi (1st
Emperor of China)
Chinese writing system invented
• 1500 BC.
• Chinese characters are one of the oldest writing
systems in the world.
• The Chinese later invented the first printing
press.
Song Dynasty
• Weak militarily/politics.
• But strong creatively – lots of inventions
and writing of popular literature.
• 960-1279 AD.
Mongols conquer China
• ‘Outsiders’ Mongols establish their own Yuan
dynasty founded by Kublai Khan.
• Marco Polo and other western travellers visit.
• Beijing become capital of China.
• 1271-1368 AD
Qing Dynasty – drive out Mongols
• Mongolia and Tibet become ‘annexes’ to
China.
• 1644.
Mao & Communism
• In 1949 Chairman Mao Zedong proclaims
the founding of the ‘People’s Republic of
China’.
• China becomes a Communist country.
• ‘Nationalists’ retreat to island of Taiwan
(and have stayed ever since).
Mao’s Cultural Revolution
• 1966-76.
• Ten-year political campaign/
social experiment aimed at
purifying communists values.
• Mao Zedong and his wife,
Jiang Qing led the revolution.
• Mao’s Red Guards carried
out brutal attacks to remove
"bourgeois“ influences.
• Millions were forced into
manual labour, and tens of
thousands were executed.
• Massive civil unrest.
One Child Policy
• After the cultural revolution, China’s
government are worried that the
population of China is spiralling out of
control.
• They introduce a strict one child policy.
• 2007 policy relaxed to just 36% of China.
• 2013 announced – 2 children allowed if
one of parents is only child.
Hong Kong handed back to China
• At the very end of the 1980s, China presses
the United Kingdom to handover Hong Kong.
• UK had held Hong Kong since 1842 (end 1st
Opium War)
• Mainly British education system.
• Dual language signage remains ever since.
3 Gorges Dam complete
• Yangtze river.
• After nearly 20 years in the making, the controversial
3 gorges dam is completed just 2 years before the
Beijing Olympics.
• The 3 gorges dam flooded archaeological and
cultural sites and displaced some 1.3 million people.
• A ship lift is now fully
operational.
Beijing Hosts the Olympics
• Beijing become the hosts the Olympic games
for the first time in China’s history.
• Next stop, London 2012.
China, a true Superpower
• China overtakes Japan as the 2nd largest
economy in the world.
• It is closing the gap with the USA.
• 2013.
Happy New Year 2014
• 31 January 2014.
• It will be the Year of Horse.