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CHAPTER TWO Classical Civilization: China World Civilizations, The Global Experience AP* Edition, 5th Edition Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert *AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of The College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product. Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China I. Patterns in Classical China II. Political Institutions III. Religion and culture IV. Economy and Society V. How Chinese Civilization Fits Together Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China Kung Fuzi (Confucius) (551–478 B.C.E.) wandering scholar Analects Zhou Dynasty (1029–258 B.C.E.) 8th century B.C.E. disruptions nomadic invasions rival kingdoms Shi Huangdi Qin Dynasty (221–207 B.C.E.) death leads to revolt Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E.–220 C.E.) Dao China in the Shang and Zhou Eras Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China I. Patterns in Classical China Zhou Dynasty (1029–258 B.C.E.) height c. 700 B.C.E. Yangzi River valley settled "Middle Kingdom" Mandate of Heaven Confucius Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition China from the Later Zhou to the Han Era Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China I. Patterns in Classical China Shi Huangdi Qin Dynasty (221–207 B.C.E.) Great Wall 3000 miles Innovations census standardized coinage, weights, measures common writing system China from the Later Zhou to the Han Era Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E.–220 C.E.) into Korea, Indochina, central Asia contact with India, Parthian Empire Wu Ti (140–87 B.C.E.) support of Confucianism Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China II. Political Institutions Political traditions patriarchal family ancestor worship semi-autonomous villages nobles local authority justice local armies regional governors bureaucracies examinations schools Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China III. Religion and Culture Balance unifying traditions Kung Fuzi (ca. 551–478 B.C.E.) respect for superiors leaders must show moderation rank based on intelligence, merit Legalism alternative to Confucianism support authoritarian state belief in evil nature of humankind Daoism more religious Laozi (5th century B.C.E.) force of nature ethical code Five Classics Art calligraphy Science 365.5 day year Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China IV. Economy and Society Trade wheat for rice Agriculture ox-drawn plow collar Water-powered mills Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007 Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China V. How Chinese Civilization Fits Together Isolation Confucianism & bureaucracy Political stability & economic growth Divisions Confucianism v. Daoism Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007