Transcript ag5

Natural barriers between them
Developed independently
Could not unite under one
government
City, farms, villages,
towns
Politics comes from
polis
all free non-foreign
people were citizens
Fort at the base
of a large hill
Place of refuge
for citizens
Center of
religion
Open air
market near
houses and
temples
Outside of
acropolis
Political
center
During Dark Age they were ruled by
kings
750 BC ruled by the wealthy ruling class oligarchy
600’s BC individual aristocrats began to
rule - tyrant
Rule by a few
aristocrats
Took control of the
government by force
Ruled alone
Supported by the people
Most ruled fairly
Later, some began ruling
harshly
Word came to mean a
cruel ruler
Rule by the people after the tyrants were
overthrown
Traded grain, wine,
olive oil, wood,
pottery for iron
Helped farmers produce more food
Population grew
Competition over farmland
Search for land and iron led to new settlements
Common
language
Shared history
Writing
Religion
athletics
First letter alpha
Second letter beta
Alpha + beta =
alphabet
Based on Phoenician
alphabet
Used symbols to stand
for sounds
Able to record laws,
taxes, history, beliefs and
legends
Writings taught
about gods and
Greek religion
Sacred place to ask gods for advice
Most famous was at Delphi
Temple for Apollo, god of light and
music
766 BC athletic festival
held at Olympia
Every four years
To honor Zeus
Winners crowned with
olive wreaths
Held even in time of
war, time of peace
City- states fought over land and
resources
Each had large armies
All male citizens must serve in military
Leaders – wealthy men
Cavalry – owners of horses
Hoplites – foot soldiers
Archers and stone throwers –
poor men
70 pounds of bronze body
armor
Long spear and round shield
Fought in rectangular formation
Moved in thick wall