Transcript WELCOME! [www.geo.tcu.edu]

WELCOME!
CENTER FOR GIS & REMOTE
SENSING
Workshop Schedule
July 25-29, 2005
Today: Introduction to GIS and data gathering
Catered Lunch at Woodson Room
Tuesday (6/26): A variety of GIS software
Wednesday (6/27): ArcGIS I: Geodatabases
Thursday (6/28): ArcGIS II: Nuts & Bolts
Friday (6/29): ArcGIS III: Extensions
Box Lunches at Tucker Building
Treasure Hunting
What is a map ?
A representation of our world on plane
How was mapping done before
GIS ?
A Time Line
10,000 BC: River map from Mezhirich,
Ukraine
6200 B.C. Catal Huyuk, near
Konya, Central Turkey
Greek Maps. Anaximander, 610546 BC
Dikaiarch of Messina
Invents Lat/Long in
350-290 BC
Michael Lahanas Webste
Klaudios Ptolemaios (Ptolemy),
87-170 A.D., Alexandria, Egypt
Re-produced
from his
Text “Geographia”
Ca, 140A.D. after
Discovery by a
Byzantine monk
Named Maximos
Planudes (1260-1310)
64 Local maps,
26 Regional maps,
4 World maps
Distances based on earlier Greek
astronomers such Eratosthenes
Ptolemy’s Map Inspired
Christopher Columbus to Seek
the Large Asian Landmass!
N.B.: Ptolemy’s map was well known to be based on the earth as a sphere
America…
WalseeMuller & Ringmann, 1507 Map: 1st printed globe, first “accurate and complete”
Map in 360 deg, 1st map with name “America”, 1st to show pacific
188 x 344 mm
Ocean, 1st to show cape horn
“Now, these parts of the earth have been more extensively explored and a fourth part has been
discovered by Amerigo Vespucci. Inasmuch as both Europe and Asia received their names from
Women, I see no reason why anyone should justly object to calling This part Amerige I.e., the land
of Amerigo, or America, after Amerigo, its discoverer, a man of great ability.”
1798
Major Developments that lead to
modern mapping
1). Scientific revolution started by Galileo
2). Newton (1642-1727) formulates his laws of
mechanics, predicts that the earth is a spheroid.
Invention of the meter (1/10,000,000) of the
distance between the pole and the equator (year:
1793)
3). Key to mapping is determining the longitude of
position. John Harrison (1693-1776) modifies
clocks to be ship worthy. New surveys were done
showing eg., that the land area of France was
significantly less what it was earlier!
4). Einstein’s 1905 papers, and General Relativity in
1915 leads the way to GPS
Closer to Home
J.De Cardova
1856
Even Closer…
1:250,000, 1894
1920
Perry-Castaneda Map library,
UT, Austin
Closer to TCU, 1925
How are maps used ?
Maps That Advertise
But doesn’t show the stopovers
Iowa City as exciting as San
Fran and London
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Advertise
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Convince
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Persuade
Facts in Review, 5 February, 1940
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Persuade
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Misinform
Mark Monmonier, 1991
Maps That Inform
Joseph Charles Minard’s map of Napoleon’s defeat, 1812
Maps That Analyze Events
Battle between Magnus Pompey and Julius Caesar at Pharsalus, Greece
Maps That Analyze Events
So, what is a Geographic
Information System ?
The precise arrangement of spatial objects
using a computer to inform, advertise,
persuade, and analyze events on a map