Transcript Presentation

1945-1954
Chapter 27
The Cold War
Tuesday 3/17
Bell Ringer:
Label the map using
page789 in textbook
8.) Describe how
ACOS Standards
the United States' role in the Cold War influenced
domestic and international events.
• Describing the origin and meaning of the Iron Curtain and
communism
• Recognizing how the Cold War conflict manifested itself through
sports
Examples: Olympic Games, international chess tournaments, PingPong diplomacy
• Identifying strategic diplomatic initiatives that intensified the
Cold War, including the policies of Harry S. Truman, Dwight D.
Eisenhower, and John F. Kennedy
Examples: trade embargoes, Marshall Plan, arms race, Berlin
blockade and airlift
CCRS Standards
6-8 RH 1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of
primary and secondary sources.
6-8 RH 2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary
or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source
distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
6-8 RH 4
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they
are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to
history/social studies.
6-8 RH 5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g.,
sequentially, comparatively, causally).
6-8 RH 7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts,
graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other
information in print and digital texts.
6-8 RH 9
Analyze the relationship between a
primary and secondary source on the same topic.
W 6.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which
the development, organization, and style are
appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
Essential Question??
Why are
strong
leaders
important?
Vocabulary
1. The _____________________ was an invisible wall
between the Eastern Europe (Soviets) and the West.
2. The policy of ________________________ was to
stop the spread of Communism throughout the
world.
3. The Berlin ______________ dropped tons of
supplies into West Berlin including food and fuel.
4. The ___________________ was a war in which the
two enemies did not actually fight each other.
The Big Three
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Winston Churchill
Joseph Stalin
Where did they meet & why?
Yalta
Joseph Stalin
*Enter war against
Japan
*Free Elections
*Wanted land
between Soviet
Union and the
West & Asia
Germany divided:
4 zones – U.S.
Great Britain
Soviet Union
France
Harry Truman – “I felt like
the moon,stars, and all the
planets had fallen on me.”
United
Nations?
UN hoped to settle disputes between
nations and prevent future war…
ended the League of Nations (WWI)
Replaced the League of Nations
The United Nations Security Council has voted to approve a no-fly zone over Libya.
The vote was 10 nations in favor with none opposed.
However, five abstained including Russia, China and Germany.
The resolution was sponsored by the United States, Great Britain, France and Lebanon, who all voted in favor.
The resolution approved yesterday also calls for, quote, "all necessary measures" to protect civilians from assault by the Libyan army.
Dictator Muammar Gaddafi has been waging a punishing military campaign against rebels opposed to his four-decade rule.
After learning of the UN resolution, Libya's foreign minister announced a ceasefire, saying his country is halting military operations against rebels.
Earlier today, Gaddafi said he'd make life hell for any country that attacks his country, remarking quote, "if the world goes crazy, so will we."
Joseph Stalin
Promised them
free elections.
Failed to keep
promise. Set up
Communist
government
The Iron Curtain
Churchill – “An Iron Curtain has
descended on Europe .”
Containment???
George Kennan
Tuesday 3/1
Bell Ringer:
Write 2 facts from yesterday
from the “Cold War.”
No notes allowed!
Truman Doctrine was a commitment to
help nations threatened by communism
and Soviet expansion.
Truman Doctrine: A commitment
to help threatened countries escape
communism and Soviet expansion.
“It must be the policy of the
United States to support free
peoples who are resisting
attempted subjugation (conquest)
by armed minorities or by outside
pressures.”
President Harry Truman
$13 Billion
George Marshall: Marshall Plan
Economic aid to Europe
Berlin Blockade
June, 1948…
The Berlin Blockade
Berlin Airlift
Day and Night for 10 months….
Stalin ended the blockade May
1949
Cold War
Both the U.S. and Soviet
Union had nuclear weapons
and afraid of a “hot war” that
would destroy everything.
2 Armed Camps
N North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
A
T Stated, “an armed attack
against one or more of the
O members shall be an attack
against all.” (28 countries)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Chez Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Spain
Slovakia
United Kingdom
Hungary
Iceland
Latvia
Italy
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Turkey
United States
Soviets & 8 of
their alliances
Warsaw
Pact
NSC: National
Security
Council
(NSC-68)
“foster the seeds of destruction
within the Soviet Union.”
China…
Civil war takes place and
communist leader Mao Zedong
wins…China becomes:
The People’s Republic of China
(Chiang Kai-shek: goes to
Taiwan)
Philippines gained their
independence in 1946
from the U.S.
Jews and the Arabs both
claimed Palestine, the area
previously controlled by the
British. In 1947 the U.N.
divided Palestine. The new
Jewish state was called
Israel.
Section 2
Postwar
Politics
ACOS Standards
8. Describe how the United States' role in the Cold War influenced
domestic and international events.
• Describing the origin and meaning of the Iron Curtain and
communism
• Recognizing how the Cold War conflict manifested itself through
sports
Examples: Olympic Games, international chess tournaments, PingPong diplomacy
• Identifying strategic diplomatic initiatives that intensified the
Cold War, including the policies of Harry S. Truman, Dwight D.
Eisenhower, and John F. Kennedy
Examples: trade embargoes, Marshall Plan, arms race, Berlin
blockade and airlift
CCRS Standards
6-8 RH 1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of
primary and secondary sources.
6-8 RH 2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary
or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source
distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
6-8 RH 4
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they
are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to
history/social studies.
6-8 RH 5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g.,
sequentially, comparatively, causally).
6-8 RH 7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts,
graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other
information in print and digital texts.
6-8 RH 9
Analyze the relationship between a
primary and secondary source on the same topic.
W 6.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which
the development, organization, and style are
appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
Prior Knowledge:
Cold War?
Germany divided? Berlin?
UN replaced?
NATO?
Vocabulary
1. _________________ is the rise in
prices due to a huge increase in
consumer demand and spending.
2. A workplace that hires only union
members is called a
____________________.
http://www.usinflationcalculator.com/
Objectives
Students will be able to
describe the economic
problems the U.S. faced
after WW II.
Essential Question
Why is national
security necessary for
our country?
Economy?
*Inflation – rise in prices
*railroad strike- total
shutdown (president
threatened to draft them
into the army
GI Bill
1944 – after WW II
Loans:
*education
*start new business
*special training
*health benefits
Government issued
National Security
Act: 1947
Unified the army,
navy, marines, and
air force under the
Department of
Defense
Fair Deal
1.Raised minimum wage
2.Expanded Social
Security for elderly
people
3.Provided funds for
housing for lowincome people
CIA: Central
Intelligence Agency
Aids American foreign policy by
collecting information about what
is going on in other countries,
evaluating it, and passing it on to
the president and other foreignpolicy decision makers.
Truman traveled
over 30,000 miles
by train on a
“whistle-stop” tour.
Harry Truman wins a
second term against
Thomas Dewey 1948
Truman took a
stand on civil
rights…..
ordered the armed
forces to
desegregate…. to
end the separation
of races.
Thursday 3/3
Get Out Homework GR 27
Section 3:
The Korean
War
Korea was owned by
Japan.
After WW II divided
between the U.S.
and Russia.
CCRS Standards
6-8 RH 1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of
primary and secondary sources.
6-8 RH 2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary
or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source
distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
6-8 RH 4
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they
are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to
history/social studies.
6-8 RH 5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g.,
sequentially, comparatively, causally).
6-8 RH 7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts,
graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other
information in print and digital texts.
6-8 RH 9
Analyze the relationship between a
primary and secondary source on the same topic.
W 6.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which
the development, organization, and style are
appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
ACOS Standards
8. Identifying how Cold War tensions
resulted in armed conflict
Examples: Korean Conflict, Vietnam War,
proxy wars
Objectives
Students can:
Explain what led to the beginning of the
Korean War.
Essential Question
Can war ever be
good?
Vocabulary
1.The ______________________________
is where military forces cannot enter
North or South Korea at the 38th parallel.
2.A _______________________________ is
when neither side is able to gain much
ground or achieve a decisive victory.
Causes of the Korean War???
 Korea was a colony of
Japan
 Korea is divided between
the Soviets and the U.S.
 Korea could not unify
 North Korea invades
South Korea to unify
under Communist rule
Japan
Korea
capital of South Korea - Seoul
 Korea is divided between
Soviets and the U.S.
 Both removed their forces.
 Tensions remained high
between the 2 Koreas.
 North Korea invaded South
Korea to unify the country.
 War began
North Korea invades South Korea
and the UN agrees to send a special
force into the region. Sept. 1950
th
38
Parallel
3 miles wide/160 miles long
The most heavily militarized
zone in the world.
“Korea is the Greece of the Far East. If we
are tough enough now, if we stand up to
them like we did in Greece 3 years ago,
they won’t take any next steps.” Truman
Thursday 3/3
Get Out GR 27:3
Korean
War
June 30, 1950
Forces are sent
Douglas
MacArthur
North Korean forces had
pushed all the way to the
southern tip of the Korean
Peninsula.
June 1950
MacArthur and the UN
forces land near the port
of Inchon and continue to
recapture Seoul. American
and UN troops begin
pushing north from Pusan.
North Korea forced to
retreat across the 38th
Parallel.
MacArthur
assures Truman
that China nor
the Soviet Union
will help North
Korea.
The UN approves to continue with
the invasion of North Korea and
create “a unified, independent and
democratic Korea.”
UN capture the
capital of North
Korea, Pyongyang
and move toward the
Yalu River
China threatens to
send their armies to
support
North Korea
Truman & MacArthur
think China is bluffing…
China begins their
invasion &
assisting
of North
Korea and pushes the UN
forces across the 38th
Parallel and recapturing
Seoul. October 1950
January, 1951
UN begins a
massive
counteroffensive
retaking Seoul
and beginning a
stalemate
lasting for 2
years.
stalemate???
MacArthur believes
the UN should attack
China, but President
Truman believes it will
lead to a larger war.
MacArthur sends a
letter to a member of MacArthur is
relieved from his
Congress…
“We must win, there is
no substitute for victory.”
duties by President
Truman (April 11,
1951)
MacArthur receives
a hero’s welcome
stating…..
“Old soldiers never die
they just fade away.”
A cease fire agreement was
signed creating a…….
demilitarized zone
54,000 Americans died and
another 103,000 were wounded.
Nearly 2 million Koreans lost
their lives.
Washington, D.C./Korea Memorial
Red Stone Arsenal
Huntsville, Alabama
Before 1964 launched
satellites and rockets
Produced chemicals for
WW II
Produced missiles and
rockets during the Cold
War Era.
Fort Rucker – helicopter training
“America’s involvement in the
Korean War sent a clear
message to the Soviet Union.
The U.S. was committed to
fighting Communist
expansion with money,
arms and even lives.”
CCRS Standards
6-8 RH 1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of
primary and secondary sources.
6-8 RH 2
Determine the central ideas or information of a primary
or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source
distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.
6-8 RH 4
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they
are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to
history/social studies.
6-8 RH 5
Describe how a text presents information (e.g.,
sequentially, comparatively, causally).
6-8 RH 7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts,
graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other
information in print and digital texts.
6-8 RH 9
Analyze the relationship between a
primary and secondary source on the same topic.
W 6.4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which
the development, organization, and style are
appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.
Objective
Students will learn how
McCarthyism affected the
nation.
Essential Question
What are Americans
fearful of today?
Vocabulary
1. The fear of communism taking over the world
was called the ___________________________.
2. Fears of Communist __________________
or sabotage.
3. Alger Hiss, a former State Department official ,
was found guilty of _____________ or lying, and
sent to prison.
4. Joseph McCarthy was formally
criticized or ____________ for his
conduct as a senator.
5. Joseph McCarthy publicly attacked
people ____________ - declared without
proof – to be Communists.
McCarthism
In 1954 he launched
an investigation of
the U.S. Army. He
claimed that
Communists had
infiltrated the
military.
The Red
Scare……..
The fear of communism
or subversion taking
over the world. Massive
hunt to uncover them in
the U.S.
Accused of giving
secret government
documents in 1937
and 1938 to the
Soviets.
Alger Hiss – former State Department official
was found guilty of perjury or lying and sent to
prison.
black lists
Hollywood Film
Industry
were
investigated……
Many refused to
testify and they did
not want to answer
questions about
their political
beliefs.
Group of people whose loyalty was suspicious.
Julius & EthelRosenbergs
Guilty –passing info. of atomic bomb---to
soviets—executed--- electric chair
“worse than murder”
Causes of the Korean War???
 The Soviet Union expands into Eastern Europe
 Western governments fear Soviet aggression.
 North Korea invades South Korea
Effects of the Korean War???
Korean War erupts.
Western powers form NATO.
Eastern powers form the Warsaw Pact.