Transcript Thomas Jefferson

3rd PRESIDENT
Political Beliefs
• The government which governs least, governs
best
• Strongly favored States Rights as opposed to a
strong national government
• Believed in a strict construction, or strict
interpretation, of the U.S.Constitution
• Wanted to end all taxes of any kind paid by U.S.
citizens
• http://www.history.com/topics/thomasjefferson/videos#jeffersons-presidential-style
The Election of 1800
• Democratic-Republican Candidates:
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
The Election of 1800
• Federalist Candidates:
John Adams and Charles C. Pinckney
The Election of 1800

 Instead, the Democratic-Republicans won the
election
 Both winning candidates, Jefferson and Burr,
received 73 electoral votes
 Hamilton swings the election to Jefferson and angers
Burr
HATE
EACH
OTHER
HAMILTON
BURR
Enter Alexander Hamilton
• Because he hated
Aaron Burr so
much…He got the
Federalists to not vote
at all
•
That way Jefferson could win!
– Becomes 3rd
POTUS
– Aaron Burr is furious
• He becomes VPOTUS
– Because of this….
» Aaron Burr and
Hamilton will be lifelong
enemies…
• Until one shoots
the other.
ELECTION
ENDS IN A
TIE!
Marbury Vs. Madison (1803)




William Marbury – A Supreme court judge
appointed by Adams on his last night of
Office.
Jefferson ordered the Secretary of state
(James Madison) not to deliver the official
papers to Marbury the next day.
Marbury Sued Madison over this matter.
What does the Supreme court do? Does
Marbury win?
MIDNIGHT JUDGES
Jefferson = #ANGRY
1. Orders Madison, Secretary of
State, NOT to deliver the
commissions
2. “Midnight Judge” William
Marbury sued.
Marbury vs. Madison
3. Chief Justice John Marshall,
Jefferson’s cousin!
4. Marshall says Madison should have
gave the commission to Marbury.
5. Marshall declared the Judiciary Act
of 1789—unconstitutional.
6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
3TVkeRUvX_U
The Election of 1800

 The messed up election pointed out the need for a
Constitutional amendment regarding the
Presidential election process.
 The 12th Amendment modified the Constitution so
that the President and the Vice-President are elected
using separate ballots.
“Revolution Of Thomas
Jefferson”





 Jefferson- Reduced Size and Control of the
Federal Government
Reduced the Federal Budget and Debt
Repealed the Whiskey Tax
Cut Military Spending Kept Hamilton’s
Financial Plan
Neutrality between Britain and France
maintained
Alien and Sedition Acts repealed



Only source of government income: tariffs
and sales of Western land
Let the Alien and Sedition Acts expire
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase

 Jefferson learned that Louisiana Territory was now
controlled by France
 French ownership of the Louisiana Territory posed
several problems for the U.S.—mainly the French
were popular with the Indians and the French
presence blocked any sort of westward movement by
U.S. citizens into the Louisiana Territory
THE LOUISIANA
PURCHASE
By 1800, the western boundary of the U.S. was the
Mississippi River
The Louisiana Territory, that is all lands west of the
Mississippi River which drained into the river, was originally
controlled by France.
As part of losing the French-Indian War, France ceded, or
gave, the Louisiana Territory to Spain
The Louisiana Purchase
• The Louisiana Territory continued to be controlled by
Spain until 1800.
• A war fought in Europe between Spain and France ended
with a victory for Napoleon and the French.
• Secretly, the Louisiana Territory was transferred from
Spain to France as a result of that European war.
The Louisiana Purchase
• Jefferson learned that Louisiana Territory was
now controlled by France
• French ownership of the Louisiana Territory
posed several problems for the U.S.—mainly
the French were popular with the Indians and
the French presence blocked any sort of
westward movement by U.S. citizens into the
Louisiana Territory
 The
other major problem involved the
city of New Orleans. New Orleans
controlled all river trade. River trade
came from not only the Louisiana
Territory, but also from the United States.
If France decided to close the city of New
Orleans to U.S. trade, then the U.S. would
suffer great economic hardship.
THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE
 Jefferson realized the problems involved with France owning the
Louisiana Territory.
 Jefferson sends Robert Livingston and James Monroe to buy New
Orleans and West Florida for $2 million from France.
 Livingston and Monroe may spend UP to $10 million.
The Louisiana Purchase

 Napoleon experiences slave rebellion trouble in the
French colony of Saint Domingue located in the
Caribbean.
 Napoleon also needs money for another war with
Great Britain. He decides to sell ALL of the
Louisiana Territory. His price: $15 million.
MONROE & LIVINGSTON
GO TO FRANCE
$10 MILLION FOR
NEW ORLEANS?
NAPOLEON
WILL
SELL IT
ALL FOR
$15 MILLION!
LOUISIANA
PURCHASE

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUO1mhMf3i0
7. The Louisiana
Purchase

Meriwether Lewis
William Clark
EXPLORE LOUISIANA
PURCHASE (1804-06)
The Corps of Discovery

 The Lewis and Clark expedition began in 1803.
 President Thomas Jefferson had purchased all of
the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon of France
for 15 million dollars.
 Jefferson asked his personal secretary,
Meriwether Lewis, to lead the expedition. Lewis
asked his old army friend, William Clark, to colead the expedition with him.
 http://www.history.com/videos/lewis--clarkexpedition-charts-new-territory#lewis--clarkexpedition-charts-new-territory
The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of
the United States!
VIDEOS
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NokpN
OkuSYY
• http://www.history.com/topics/thomasjefferson/videos#the-death-of-thomasjefferson