Transcript USA HIV Epidemic_2013

United States: HIV Epidemic
Vijay Kandula, MD MPH
AAHIVS
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Division of Public Health, Department of Family
and Preventive Medicine
University of Utah, Salt Lake City
2013
HIV Info Everyone Should Know
• What are the four fluids that can transmit HIV?
• What are four fluids that cannot transmit HIV?
• What is the window period with regards to HIV
testing?
Common Acronyms
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MSM
IDU
CSW
PLWHA
HAART
• ~80% of HIV was
among males
• 20% among
females.
What % of the transmission occurred due to heterosexual contact?
What are the other transmission routes?
High Risk Groups for HIV
• Individuals with multiple sex partners
– Individual’s partner has multiple sex partners
• Injecting Drug Users (IDUs)
– Sex partners of IDUs
• People who exchange sex for drugs or money
(such as commercial sex workers)
• Sex partners of HIV infected individuals
• CDC: HIV in the United States, 2010
http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets/us.htm#ref2
Trends in Infection
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Younger People (25 and under)
Women, especially among African Americans
People in Prison
MSM and Injection Drug Users, crystal meth
Low Socioeconomic Status /
Marginalized Populations
Trends in Infection – cont.
• Youth (often defined as 13-24)
– In 2004, an estimated 4,883 young people received a
diagnosis of HIV infection or AIDS, representing about
13% of the persons given a diagnosis during that year.
– Early age at sexual initiation. According to CDC’s
Youth Risk Behavioral Survey (YRBS), 47% of high
school students have had sexual intercourse, and 7.4%
of them reported first sexual intercourse before age
13.
Trends in Infection
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Younger People
Women, especially among African Americans
People in Prison
MSM and Injection Drug Users, crystal meth
Low Socioeconomic Status /
Marginalized Populations
Trends in Infection – cont.
• African Americans
– At the end of 2007, blacks accounted for almost half (46%) of
people living with a diagnosis of HIV infection
• Women
– AIDS is a common killer, second only to cancer and heart
disease for women.
• African American Women
– In 2006, the rate of new HIV infection for black women was
nearly 15 times as high as that of white women and nearly 4
times that of Hispanic/Latina women.
Trends in Infection – cont.
• MSM and Injection Drug Users
– In 2006, MSM accounted for more than half (53%) of
all new HIV infections in the United States, and MSM
with a history of injection drug use (MSM-IDU)
accounted for an additional 4% of new infections.
– Sex parties with crystal meth “Party and Play” are high
risk for HIV transmission
Summary
• > 1.1 m are living with HIV infection
– ~ 1 in 5 (20%) are unaware of their infection
• Gay, bisexual, and other MSM
– particularly young black/African American MSM,
most seriously affected by HIV.
• By race, blacks/African Americans face the
most severe burden of HIV.
Thank You
Vijay Kandula, MD MPH
AAHIVS
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Division of Public Health, Department of Family
and Preventive Medicine
University of Utah, Salt Lake City
2013