Transcript Public Assistance and Social Welfare Emerge

Chapter 2
The Evolution of Social
Work and Social Work
in the United States
Echoes of the Past
• Primitive societies: helping people
• Ancient civilizations: various and sundry
attempts to care for people
• Social welfare was rooted in China
• India: giving to beggars
• Greeks: no regular charitable
organizations
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Echoes of the Past
• Athens: poor tax levied to help destitute
• Hebrews: stress charity
• Medieval: church role in helping distressed
persons
• Monks and monasteries
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European Roots
• The beginning of the English poor law
system
• Overseers of the poor as civil officers
• Elizabethan Poor Laws
– Systematic plan for helping the poor
– Able-bodied poor, impotent poor, and
dependent children
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European Roots
• Industrial revolution
• Poor Law of 1834
– Poor Law Unions
• Octavia Hill and Edward Denison
• London Charity Organization Society
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Beginnings in the United States
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“Outdoor relief”
“Indoor relief”
“Farming out”
Pennsylvania System
Councils of Social Agencies
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Beginnings in the United States
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The charity organization movement
Community welfare council movement
The movement for federal drives
Community Chest
United Way
Social settlement house
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Beginnings in the United States
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Hull House
Jane Addams
Toynbee Hall in England
Social welfare services reach out to
practically every need
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Public Assistance and Social
Welfare Emerge
• The Federal Emergency Relief
Administration
• The Works Progress Administration
• Civilian Conservation Corps
• Social Security Act of 1935
– Major provisions
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Public Assistance and Social
Welfare Emerge
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Public Welfare Amendments of 1962
Public Law
Medicare
Medicaid
The Peace Corps
The Volunteers in Service to America
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Public Assistance and Social
Welfare Emerge
• Social welfare was expanded rapidly in the
United States
• U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services
• Amendments to the Social Security Act
• Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Reconciliation Act
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Services of Volunteers
• Social work agencies can provide major
services to communities
• United Way of America
• Increase in giving in the United States
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Social Workers Appear
• Humanitarians, especially women, helped
the underprivileged
– Laid the groundwork for social work as a
profession
• Schools of social work
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Social Workers Appear
• The American Association of Social
Workers
• Council on Social Work Education
• Advanced generalist perspective
• Growth of joint degree graduate programs
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International Social Work
• The International Commission of the
CSWE
• Requirements for social work course
completion
• Field placement or internship
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Summary
• Initiation and development of social
welfare services
• Roots of social welfare in Europe
• Social Security
• Rise in the profession of social work due
to need in social welfare
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