Transcript The Spanish-American War

UNIT 3
Chapter 17 – Becoming a
World Power
Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power
(1890–1915)
Section
Section
Section
Section
1:
2:
3:
4:
The Pressure to Expand
The Spanish-American War
A New Foreign Policy
Debating America’s New Role
Presidents of the United States
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George Washington; Federalist (1788)
John Adams; Federalist (1796)
#21 - …
Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)
Thomas Jefferson (1800)
Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)
James Madison (1808)
Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)
James Monroe (1816)
Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)
John Quincy Adams (1824)
William McKinley; Republican (1896)
Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)
Theodore Roosevelt; Republican
Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)
(1901)
William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)
William Howard Taft; Republican (1909)
John Tyler; Whig (1841)
Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1913)
James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)
Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)
Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)
Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)
James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)
Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)
Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)
Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)
Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)
James Garfield; Republican (1880)
OBJECTIVES
 CORE
OBJECTIVE: Explain the causes and effects of
imperialism.
 Objective
3.2: What events led to the Spanish-American War?
THEME: America will look to expand its borders and
influence
Chapter 17 SECTION 2
The Spanish-American War
A SWIFT VICTORY IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN
WAR CONFIRMED THE STATUS OF THE UNITED
STATES AS A WORLD POWER, BUT IT LEFT SOME
PEOPLE ARGUING OVER HOW TO GOVERN
NEWLY ACQUIRED TERRITORIES
DEFENDING THE DOCTRINE
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Britain and Venezuela had a long-standing land
dispute.
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In the 1880s rich minerals were found in the region
The U.S. demanded that Britain go to arbitration over
the land in 1895
U.S. demanded that Great Britain land dispute be sent to arbitration, and
defended the validity of the Monroe Doctrine.
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Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by a person or panel chosen to listen to both sides
and come to a decision.
The British government backed down because it needed to stay on friendly terms with the
United States.
U.S. has marked its territory and shows it will defend it. Monroe Doctrine in Action.
•Spain controlled
Cuba since 1500’s.
•Cuban people were
fighting a revolution
against Spanish
brutality
•Cubans wanted their
independence from
Spain
•90 miles from U.S.
•Protect our trade
•McKinley takes a
stronger stance
against Spain in 1896
election
1. Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted President McKinley.
2. USS Maine exploded; Americans blame Spain.
3. Yellow Journalism
4. Congress recognized Cuban independence and authorized force
against Spain.
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Spanish Ambassador de Lôme insulted
President McKinley.
o
Criticized President McKinley as weak and a
bidder for the admiration of the crowd, besides
being a would-be politician who tries to leave
a door open behind himself while keeping on
good terms with the jingoes of his party.
Dupuy de Lôme, Spanish
Ambassador to the U.S.
 USS
Maine
exploded;
Americans
blame
Spain.
•The USS Maine was stationed in
Havana harbor.
•American citizens threatened by
revolution in Cuba.
•Pres. McKinley sent USS Maine
to rescue US citizens.
•The USS Maine exploded, and the
American public blamed Spain.
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The explosion
on February 15,
1898 kills more
than 250
American
sailors
“How long are the Spaniards to
drench Cuba with the blood
and tears of her people?”
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In competition for readership, two New
York newspapers wrote exaggerated
stories about the Cuban rebellion.
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Yellow Journalism presents little
researched news and instead uses eyecatching headlines to sell newspapers.
“How long is the peasantry of Spain to be drafted away to
Cuba to die miserably in a hopeless war, that Spanish nobles
and Spanish officers may get medals and honors?”
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This yellow journalism sold a lot of
papers but had other effects:
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It whipped up American public opinion in favor
of the Cuban rebels.
Journalism with national pride and
desire for an aggressive foreign
policy is called jingoism.
Jingoist writers were constantly on alert for
American insults and frequently called for
military retaliation
Joseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst
“How long shall old
Cuban men and
women and
children be
murdered by the
score, the
innocent victims of
Spanish rage
against the patriot
armies they
cannot conquer?”
The Spanish-American War
“A Splendid Little War”
• War declared in April of
1898
• May 1, 1898: The United
States launched a
surprise attack in Manila
Bay and destroyed
Spain’s entire Pacific
fleet in seven hours.
• July 1: Roosevelt led the
Rough Riders up San
Juan Hill.
• July 3: The United States
Navy sank the remaining
Spanish ships.
• Fewer than 500
Americans casualties
Rough Riders
ROOSEVELT’S ROUGH
RIDERS
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http://www.history.com/topics/uspresidents/theodoreroosevelt/videos/roosevelt-fights-inspanish-american-war
THE TREATY OF PARIS (1898)
• With Spain’s defeat their
government recognized Cuba’s
independence.
• Spain gave up the Philippines,
Guam, and Puerto Rico to the
US in return for $20 million.
• The island nations then became
unincorporated territories of the
United States.
• President McKinley installed a
military government to protect
American business interests.
• The problems for the U.S. after the
Spanish-American arise from
controlling these territories.
• Some of the new territories do not
want foreign control no matter what
America’s intentions are
• The Philippines and Cuba will resist
American control.
• 3-minute summary:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4
PK5XvSxJhU
• This begins a conflict which
the U.S. deals with today –
what is responsible?
• The U.S. must resolve its
internal conflict of Liberty for
All vs. International Power
The Spanish-American War –
Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the
Philippines?
(A) The United States needed raw materials from Guam.
(B) McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern themselves.
(C) McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it.
(D) McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his image.
How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?
(A) By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with Venezuela
(B) By demolishing Spain’s navy
(C) By annexing the Philippines
(D) By winning the Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War –
Which of the following was a reason President McKinley stated for the annexation of the
Philippines?
(A) The United States needed raw materials from Guam.
(B) McKinley believed that the Filipinos could not govern themselves.
(C) McKinley believed that if the United States fought for it, they should own it.
(D) McKinley was concerned that granting independence would damage his image.
How did the United States defend the Monroe Doctrine?
(A) By forcing the British to go to arbitration over their dispute with Venezuela
(B) By demolishing Spain’s navy
(C) By annexing the Philippines
(D) By winning the Spanish-American War