Transcript Becoming a world power

Becoming a world power
Chap 10
Section 1
Imperialism
4 Factors of why Imperialism grew
Economics-Industry increases, so does the need for
natural resources and the need for new places
(markets) to sell those products
Nationalism- Devotion to your nation
Military- Technology allowed European countries’
armies and navies to be far superior, allowing for
easy conquests and the need for bases for fuel and
supplies
Humanitarian and Religious goals-The dogooders
1st in Europe, then in 1890 America fueled by the
industrial revolution
ANNEX, ANNEXATION-To take over a new territory.
Imperialism
 Map of Imperialism
 The United States and Imperialism
 Monroe Doctrine-What it is? What does it mean to the
United States
 Definition-Neutral in European wars and affairs but
warned Europe to stay out of the West
 William Seward (Secretary of State) put 50,000 troops on
the border when France tried to take over Mexico
 Seward’s Folly-The Buying of Alaska from Russia
 Commodore Matthew C. Perry- Sails to Japan to open
trade
 Seward annexes Midway Islands
 Hawaii and tax free sugar
Imperialism
Why did the United States want
to expand?
1. Protect American growth
New markets
International Business (Source of new
Money) for Standard Oil and Bell Telegraph &
Telephone
Banana Republics
Where money and business’s bought political
influence in the region
Imperialism
Why did the United States want
to expand?
2) Protect American Security
Navy-Pushed for military protection of
business from foreign nations
1881- Naval Advisory Board=More $ for the
navy
1890- Naval Act=Battleships, cruisers and
gunboats
1900 – Most Powerful Navy in the World
Imperialism
Why did the United States want
to expand?
3) Preserve the American Spirit
Henry Cabot & Teddy Roosevelt-The quest for
an empire might revitalize the country’s
pioneer spirit
Social Darwinism-
The Spanish-American War
Section 2
Spanish-American War
 President at the time-McKinley
 Displays of Power 1891 Chile, Mob kills 2 sailors, U.S government demands
payment
 1893 Brazil, Rebellion takes place which threatens U.S.
Shipping, Government sends in the navy as a show of force
which crushes the rebellion
 1895-Venezuela, Great Britain and the United States have a
dispute over the Monroe doctrine, Great Britain eventually
agrees to arbitration with the United States
 Arbitration-settlement of a dispute by a third party
Spanish-American War
Prelude to War
The Cuban Rebellion
1868 Cuba rebels against Spain over treatment by
the Spanish government
1895 Cuba rebels again after the economy goes in
the tank.
This time, Spain sends in 150,000 troops to shut up the
people
Reconcentration-Forcing civilians into guarded camps where
there is little food or sanitation
RESULT 200,000 Cubans die
United States refuses to help, so the rebels destroy the
sugar plantations to force the United States to intervene
Spanish-American War
Prelude to War
Yellow Journalism
 Pulitzer and Hearsts’ newspapers
 New York World & New York Morning Journal
 They put sensational headlines to turn the public against Spain
and help the Cuban Rebellion
 "Does our flag shield women?" "Indignities Practiced by Spanish
Officials On Board American Vessels"
 "Richard Harding Davis Describes Some Startling Phases of the
Cuban Situation“
 "Refined Young Women Stripped and Searched by Brutal
Spaniards While Under Our Flag on the Ollivette
Spanish-American War
Prelude to War
1898 Riots begin in Havana, the capitol
McKinley sends in the U.S. battleship Maine
FEB 1898 The de Lome Letter- Stolen from the
Spanish ambassador in Washington D.C. it
described McKinley as weak but it raised antiSpain sentiments in the U.S.
FEB 15th 1898 Explosion on the U.S.S. Mainekills 250 united states sailors
Feb 25th 1898 The Philippines- Spain's last
remaining possession, The Philippine Islands, the
native people rebel
Spanish-American War
Prelude to War
Feb 25th 1898 The Philippines- Spain's last
remaining possession, The Philippine Islands, the
native people rebel
Teddy Roosevelt-Assistant secretary of the
navy views the Philippines as a strategic military
base which the U.S. could use
March 1898 McKinley's war message- Sent a
list of demands to Spain, all of which were
accepted but no independence for the Cuban
people
April 1898 McKinley declares war
Spanish-American War
“A splendid Little War”
May 1898 in the Philippines in Manilla Bay
Admiral Dewey attacks Spain’s navy…and
destroys its’ entire fleet in 7hrs
Cuba-The United States navy encircles Spain’s
Atlantic fleet in Santiago harbor in Cuba
July 1898-The Rough Riders-led by Teddy
Roosevelt who resigned his naval command to
lead troops into Cuba and took San Juan Hill
July 3 American naval forces sunk the rest of
the Spanish fleet
Yellow Fever and Malaria strike troops in JuneJuly-August
Spanish-American War
“A splendid Little War”
Dec 1898 The war ends with the Treaty of Paris
 What did the United States get out of the
war?
Cuban Independence
$20 million
Land-The U.S. acquired the Philippines, Puerto
Rico, Guam and other territories
Spanish-American War
Challenges after the war
 What to do with the Philippines
Fighting with the Filipinos
4,000 Americans died, 3,000 wounded
American troops killed over 16,000 people to annex
the islands
 Cuba
Teller Amendment-promised Cuba that the U.S.
wouldn’t annex the country
Platt Amendment- Prohibited Cuba from entering into
foreign agreements and Cuba must allow the U.S. to
build naval bases
 Puerto Rico
Provided a military base
Spanish-American War
 Challenges after the war
 Hawaii
 Pearl Harbor
 Sugar exports
 Removal of the queen based upon financial gains from
pineapple planter Sanford Dole
 Samoa
 Stepping stone for trade with Asia
 Naval base
 Spheres of influence-Areas of economic and political
control of china
 Open Door Policy-equal access to China’s millions of
people
 However China resented any outside influence
 Boxer Rebellion
The Panama Canal Section 3
Building the Canal
WHY?
Looking for an easy passage to connect the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans for trade
Isthmus of Panama-Shortest route
1879-French company bought a 25 year lease to
build the canal
Company offered the remaining rights to the U.S. for
$100 Million dollars
When the price was cut to $40 Million in 1902,
Congress passed the Spooner act to purchase the
agreement
Panama rebelled against Columbia and sent naval
warships to help the rebellion and recognized
Panama as a country and became its’ protectorate
Building of the canal began in 1904 and completed in
1914
President Roosevelt
 Roosevelt Corollary
Addition to the Monroe Doctrine
 Roosevelt as a peace maker
 Russo-Japanese war in 1904
Worried about Japan’s military influence in the
Far East negotiated a peace treaty
He kept trade open for all nations to China
Won the Nobel prize
Foreign Policy after Roosevelt
William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson
Taft
Elected in 1908, was secretary of war under
Roosevelt
Main Goals--> Maintain open door to Asia
and to preserve stability in Latin America
Wanted to substitute dollars for
bullets=Dollar Diplomacy
Increased amount of $ overseas
Not always profitable
Foreign Policy after Roosevelt
William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson
Wilson
Mexican Revolution
In a bloody revolution, General Huerta
overthrew the president of Mexico and killed
him
The U.S. had over $1 billion dollars invested
in Mexican oil, mines, land and railroads
Wilson applied moral and legal standards to
foreign policy instead of Taft’s dollar
diplomacy
Section 4 America’s new role
The role of Imperialism in America
Imperialists
As a show of force,
Roosevelt sent the
U.S. navy on a trip
around the world.
Youth programs
started up to
support
Imperialism
Boys and Girl
Scouts
Anti-Imperialists
Racism-many
believed that our
heritage were superior
to those of others
Economic reasons
against imperialism
COSTLY
Maintaining armed
forces requires a large
amount of money
The role of Imperialism in America
Imperialists
Wanted to maintain
the United States
in a role which it
could expand its’
terrortory and
financial reach into
other countries
Anti-Imperialists
Moral and political
oppostition to
imperialism
Strongest reason--The
rejection of the
nation’s foundation of
“liberty for all”
Constitution must
follow the flag-Which meant that our
laws went where we
went