Transcript Cold War - Lee County Schools

The Cold War/Post WWII and
Beyond
1945-1991 |created by Mr. Booth;
edited by Ms. Farley| US History 8
Thursday, 4/28/16
1.Warm-up: What could
we expect in this
upcoming unit based
on the video? Give 3
examples
2.Homework: Achieves
and Progress Reports
are due tomorrow!
Part I: The Cold War
Today we will
Identify key vocabulary for our last unit of the
year! Woot Woot!
America Post WWII.
Examine how the US and USSR will enter into
the Cold War. (aka causes of the war)
Friday, 4/29/16
1.Turn in Warm-up sheet (put Weekly 5 for today)
and Progress Report to the front of your row.
2.You will use the readings to answer the
questions on quia. (Weekly Assessment: Truman
Timed Readings) Answer the questions like this:
1.A, 2. B. 3C. 4D….
3.Achieve 3000 when done until the end of class.
4.Turn in Achieve sheets at end of class. Monday
we will start the Cold War.
Monday, 5/2/16
1.Warm-up: Get out paper for your notes (Title it
Cold War Notes part 1) and a Warm-up Sheet.
a.Answer: Who is the enemy in the Cold War?
b.Answer: How long does the Cold War last?
2.Homework: Berlin Wall Infographic and
Achieve. Achieve might make you do a Level Set
test again, I am not 100% sure on this. This is
your 2nd chance to score above 800pts, so do
your best!
I. Post-WWII outcomes
1) United Nations- formed near end of WWII as a body of
nations to prevent future global wars. It is still in existence today.
Facts
1)193 Member countries
What organization had been formed at the
end of WWI to prevent global war?
5 Governing Bodies of U.N.
1. UN General Assembly
•
Vote on issues; each country has one vote
2. UN Secretariat
•
Admin body; Secretary General is Ban-Ki-moon (5 yrs.)
3. UN International Court of Justice
•
Universal court of law for world – 15 judges (9yrs) settle disputes
between nations
4. UN Security Council
•
Most Powerful; responsible for peace and security – 5 permanent
members: China, Russia, UK, France, U.S.
5. UN Economic and Social Council
•
Global Economic and Social Affairs- Raising standard of living in
countries, promote human rights, education, and humanitarian aid
I. Post-WWII outcomes
2) Japan:
-Occupied by American forces
-Adopts democratic form of government (MacArthur Const.)
-Resumed self-gov’t
-Ally of U.S.
Look on the bottom of your grandparent’s figurines
to see if they were made in “occupied Japan.”
Q: What social changes were brought about in Japan while
MacArthur was there?
The Cold War
3) Europe:
• -Lay in ruins
• -Soviet controlled East
Europe
• -Germany divided into
– East (Communist)
– West (Democratic)
•
After World War II,
Germany was divided into
four zones, occupied by
French, British, American,
and Soviet troops.
Divided Berlin
Berlin Wall
• Soviets build a wall around East Berlin to keep
people from leaving to go to West to a democracy
I. Post-WWII outcomes?
4) Origins of Cold War
What are the origins of the Cold War(4)? - please answer this
while watching the video
II. Cold War: Defined
Cold War- 45 year competition about values.
(end of WWII-collapse of Soviet Union in 1991 — 8 presidents)
The 2 Sides in the Cold War
East
• Gov? Communism
• Rule? Dictators
• Where? Eastern Europe
– Soviet Satellite countries
• Organization?
– Warsaw Pact
West
• Gov? Capitalism
• Rule? Democracy
• Where? Western Europe
– (US Allies)
• Organization? NATO
– (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)
Country Allegiances
Iron Curtain
• Iron Curtain describes
separation or divide
between communist &
democratic countries
•
Q: Why is this
separation called an Iron
Curtain?
•
Q: What were the 2
sides? (besides just
communist v.
democratic)
A PEEK UNDER THE IRON CURTAIN
Tuesday, 5/3/16
Warm: up Questions:
1. Why are there usually
curtains on showers?
2. The curtain in the
cartoon is dividing the
continent of
3. Who put up the curtain
according to the cartoon?
4. What are two things that
are cut off or divided by
the curtain?
Homework: Achieves due
Friday
II. Cold War:
Defined
NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Defensive alliance between U.S. and Western Europe
(1st time U.S. entered into peacetime military alliance)
II. Cold War:
Defined
Warsaw Pact, 1950- Defensive alliance between Soviet
Union and Eastern European Countries.
The U.S. Response/Strategy:
•Truman Doctrine
-US will lead fight against
Communism
- The Truman Doctrine
effectively reoriented
U.S. foreign policy,
away from its usual
stance of withdrawal
from regional conflicts
not directly involving
the United States, to
one of possible
intervention in far
away conflicts.
That sounds like
a great plan of
action! What a
genius idea!
The U.S. Response/Strategy:
• Containment: Q: What would this mean?
• U.S. will stop Communism from spreading
The U.S. Response/Strategy
• Stop the Domino Theory:
• Definition: If one country became communist,
then others would fall to being communist as
well.
• Domino Theory
The Truman Doctrine/Marshall Plan
The Marshall plan
1. “European Recovery
Program.”
2. Secretary of State,
George Marshall
3. The U. S. should provide
aid to all European nations
that need it. This move
is not against any country or doctrine, but
against hunger, poverty, desperation, and
chaos.
4. $12.5 billion of US aid to Western Europe
extended to Eastern Europe & USSR, [but this
was rejected].
Response to Marshall plan
III. Cold War: Harry Truman --- Foreign
Policy
Berlin
Airlift (1948-49)
•Soviets block access to
west Berlin.
•Q. Why?
•West is turning western Berlin
Into a profitable city. West
Introduces new currency (Deutschmark)
Truman orders
supplies airlifted.
*2.3 million tons of supplies
Cold War Review
1. We never fought the USSR
because we feared _____ _____.
2. The _____ _____ said we’d lead
the fight against communism.
3. We fought communism by
stopping the spread of it. This was
called _____.
4. We had to stop the spread to stop
the _____ theory from happening.
5. The money from the _____ _____
made countries loyal to us.
Cold war Review Answers
1. We never fought the USSR because we feared
mutual destruction.
2. The Truman Doctrine said we’d lead the fight
against communism.
3. We fought communism by stopping the spread of
it. This was called containment.
4. We had to stop the spread to stop the domino
theory from happening.
5. The money from the Marshall Plan made
countries loyal to us.
COLD WAR WARS!
1.
2.
3.
4.
China – Chinese Civil War
Korea – Korean War
Vietnam – Vietnam War
Cuba – Cuban Missile Crisis
1. Chinese Civil War
• When: 1946-1949
• Involved Parties:
– 1. Leader of the Communists: Mao
Zedong (stronghold in Northwest
China. Improved literacy and
improved food production)
– 2. Leader of the Nationalists: Jiang
Jieshi in Mandarin or Chiang Kaishek (stronghold in southwestern
China. 2.5 million man army
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=klAjaujdE6M
1. Chinese Civil War
• Who Won?
– Mao Zedong and the Communists and
proclaimed China “the People’s Republic of
China
• Why? Said he would return land to the
Chinese peasants and the economy
collapsed
• U.S. President: Harry Truman
• Reaction: Increased fears of communist
domination. U.S. spent $3 million in support
of Nationalist, Chiang Kai-shek, only to have
failed!
Raise your hand to receive the
Korean War Webquest
You will work by yourself
to complete the Korean
War Webquest using
the link below.
http://www.history.com
/topics/korean-war
Wednesday, 5/4/16
1.Warm-up: Cold War/Korean War Check in on
quia.
2.Get your homework out on your desk so I
can see if you did it.
3.Homework: Achieves are due Fri.
Achieve 3000/CSLPs for 40 mins
1.This week’s Articles: Code Talker Tells His
Story, Women in the Military, Lessons from
the Cold War
2.CSLPs- create ads for Kiss the Pig,
announcements, and/or any emails that I need
to send to the staff( could be about milk jugs
for money collection)... If there is nothing else
you can do, read your AR book or pick Achieve
Bonus Lesson articles to prep for EOGs
2. Korea – Korean War
Review Korean War Webquest
Pull out the Korean
War Webquest. If you
missed a question, or
got it wrong, please
write down the
correct answer as we
review the homework.
http://www.history.com
/topics/korean-war
Thursday, 5/5/16
Warm-up: (Review Question)
Based on this cartoon, which
areas of the world was the
US most interested in
building its empire in?
a.Africa and Asia
b.Europe and Africa
c.Latin America and Africa
d.Asia and Latin America
Homework: Vietnam
Webquest and Achieve
3. Vietnam – The Vietnam War
• When: 1957-1973
• Who was Involved? 1. In the
early 1900’s, France controlled
resource rich Vietnam.
Communist leader Ho Chi
Minh forced French leaders to
surrender in 1954.
• U.S. President Dwight
Eisenhower described the the
threat in Asia in terms of the
domino theory which would
lead to the fall of other Asian
countries.
During the Vietnam War
During the Vietnam War, about
two-third of American troops This lead to Vietnam
War Protests.
were volunteered, the rest
were selected for military
service through the drafts. In
the beginning of the war, the
names of all American men in
draft-age were collected by
the Selective Service. When
someone’s name was called,
he had to report to his local
draft board.
3. Vietnam – The Vietnam War
• Today we will complete a
webquest on the Vietnam War.
• You may work with your table
to divide and conquer!
• Remember when you’re
working with your table, you do
need to communicate, but you
should be on task and not
distracting other groups.
• If I have to say Volume 3 times
because we are not whispering,
we will work alone.
If you get done the webquest,
Before you turn it into
the orange bin, watch
movie to the left and
summarize the protest
movement that
occurred during the
Vietnam War on the
backside of your
webquest. Turn this in,
and then do Achieve/AR
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=eTMv2FmS
XWg
Friday, 5/6/16
Warm-up: Write down Achieve3000. Put your
Warm-up sheet and Vietnam webquest into
the center of the tables.
Log on to Achieve.
Homework: Finish Geography Practice Test,
You should be taking this more than once!
Achieve 3000/CSLPs for 30 mins
1.This week’s Articles: Code Talker Tells His
Story, Women in the Military, Lessons from
the Cold War. Do the Bonus Lesson: Check the
Facts, and Bonus Lesson: When Genes Don’t work
which are located in your Mailbox when you are
done.
2.CSLPs- Do the Bonus Lesson: Check the Facts,
and Bonus Lesson: When Genes Don’t work
which are located in your Mailbox on Achieve
3000. You can pick ones you want to do
afterwards
After Achieve3000, please do
1. Geography Practice Test for NCFE on
quia. This is counted in your grade.
Monday, 5/9/16
1.Get out three pieces of blank paper. One is
for your warm-up, the others are for your
notes(Cold War Part 2).
2.Warm-up: Have you ever been put in a
situation in which your guilt, rather than your
innocence, is presumed and the burden is
upon you to prove yourself innocent? Explain
3.Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American
History(100 questions) and Achieves due
Friday.
The Cuban Missile Crisis
• In the 50’s Cuba was ruled by an unpop.
Dictator – Fulgencio Batista
• Overthrown by a young lawyer – Fidel
Castro, he improved the economy and
brought about social reforms, but
suspended elections, executed
opponents, and controlled the media.
• When Castro made Cuba communist, he
took over U.S. sugar mills.
• Eisenhower suspended trade with U.S.
which crippled their economy.
• They turned towards the Soviet Union.
The Cuban Missile Crisis
• In 1961, the CIA began to train anti-Castro
exiles in the U.S.
• In April of 61, with the help of the U.S. military
they invaded Cuba, landing at the Bay of Pigs.
– The U.S. did not provide the exiles the hoped for
air support. This was a secret mission that the
public should not hear about.
• Castro’s forces easily defeated the invaders,
humiliating the United States
The Cuban Missile Crisis
• April 1962, Soviet Premier Nikita
Khrushchev began to built 42
missile sites in Cuba.
• In October of 1962, a U-2
American spy plane discovered
this
• President Kennedy demanded
these missile sites be removed.
• For 13 days in 62’ we were at a
standstill. The world feared
nuclear war.
• Finally, the Soviets removed the
missiles from Cuba.
• When: 1962
• Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Closer you are to Zero (0) the
worse off we are!!!!
Red= Defcon 3-1, Blue = Defcon 4-5. Blue is GOOD!
McCarthyism and the Red Scare
McCarthyism is the political
action of making accusations of
disloyalty, subversion, or
treason without proper regard
for evidence. The term
specifically describes activities
associated with the period in the
United States known as the
Second Red Scare, lasting
roughly from the late 1940s to
the late 1950s and characterized
by heightened fears of
communist influence on
American institutions and
espionage by Soviet agents.
THe Cold War At Home
1. Communist takeover in China fueled fear in America 47’-Truman
set up a Federal Employee Loyalty Program - investigate govt.
employees
2. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)- investigated
Communist influence in the movie industry (Communists were
sneaking propaganda into the movies)
3. Hollywood Ten- ten witnesses from the film industry that refused
to cooperate w/ the HUAC & were imprisoned
4. blacklist- list of ~500 actors, writers, producers, & directors that
were not allowed to work because of alleged Communist ties
Civil Rights (not the movement)
• The HUAC’s attempts to remove persons with “un-American”
views from the entertainment industry raised significant
constitutional issues. The investigations by HUAC and later
by Senator Joseph McCarthy seemed to clash with the
constitutional rights of freedom of speech and freedom of
assembly (1st) and with the rights of accused persons to be
fully informed of the nature of accusations against them
(5th).
• As Hollywood tried to rid itself of Communists, Congress
passed the McCarran Internal Security Act. This made it
unlawful to plan any action that might lead to the
establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship in the U.S.
Spies- Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
• activists in the American Communist
Party
• September 1949-Soviets exploded
atomic bomb
• implicated in giving the Soviets info
about the atomic bomb
• Ethel’s brother, David Greenglass,
worked on the Manhattan Project had testified that he gave info to
Julius
• both were found guilty of espionage
& sentenced to death in 53’
*1st U.S. civilians
executed for espionage
Russian spy files later
confirmed Julius was a
spy but did not hand over
secrets useful to building
bombs
Spy Cases
• Alger Hiss
–former State Dept. official
–accused of spying for the Soviets by a former
Soviet spy in 1948 (Soviet spy produced govt.
documents that had been typed on Hiss’s
typewriter)
–govt. convicted Hiss of perjury (3 ½ yrs. in prison)
–Nixon gained fame for hearings Soviet cables
released in the 90’s seemed to prove Hiss’s guilt
COLD WAR: HOMEFRONT
**A. Fear of Nuclear War. Americans were
urged to build bomb shelters in their own
basements.
School children practice “duck and cover” drills
Tuesday, 5/10/16
1.Warm-up: Do you think you would have the
courage to demonstrate peacefully for a
cause you believed in if there was a
possibility of violence? Explain. What might
be a cause?
2.Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American
History(100 questions) and Achieves due
Friday.
Part II: 20th Century Events
1. Fall of the Berlin Fall/Communism 1989/1991
2. China: The Great Leap Forward
– Students at Tiananmen Square
3. U.S.S.R
– Five Year Plan
– Sputnik
– Soviet’s in Afghanistan
– Russia: Gorbachev’s perestroika and glasnost
– Fall of Berlin Wall and Communism
4. Roots of Arab-Israeli Conflict
– Palestine Statehood
5. Nelson Mandela and GandhiJoey DIehl
Soviet Union:
1. Soviet: Five Year Plan
2. Sputnik
3. Soviets in Afghanistan
4. Gorbachev’s Perestroika and
Glasnost
Soviet Union:
1.
Soviet Five Year Plan: Plans outlined by Joseph Stalin in 1928 for the
development of the Soviet Union’s economy
Sputnik: First ever satellite launched into space by a Soviet rocket. It
circled the earth every 96 minutes (Information on space/spying)
Soviets in Afghanistan: Turned communist after WWII by Soviets. In
late 70’s, a Muslim revolt threatened to topple Afghanistan’s communist
regime. This revolt led to a Soviet invasion in 1979.
•
The Afghan rebels called the Mujahedeen fought the Soviets
hard with American weapons. The Soviets withdrew in 1989.
This war had striking resemblance to the Americans fighting a
war in Vietnam.
Gorbachev’s Perestroika and Glasnost:
2.
3.
4.
–
–
–
Perestroika: A restructuring of the Soviet economy to permit more local decision
making in 1985.
Glasnost: Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of ideas and information,
introduced by Gorbachev.
These encouraged economic growth and political
freedom!
Space Race: 1945-1972
Fall of the Berlin Wall/Communism
• In 1989, Hungary allowed East-German travelers to cross the
border into non-communist Austria which was unprecedented.
– Thousands of East Germans took this new escape route to the West!
• In response, East Germany closed its borders entirely.
– By October 1989, huge demonstrations/protests broke out in East German
cities and demanded 1. to travel freely, and 2. free elections
– The East German puppet leader lost authority and resigned
• June, 1989 President Reagan had stood before the Berlin Wall and
demanded: “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”
• The new E. German leader opened the Berlin Wall and the
Communist Party in E. Berlin ceased to exist. Germany reunified in
1990.
Fall of the Berlin Wall- 1989
While the Cold War going on, here at home we
have the Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968)
1.With your table, you will complete the Civil
Rights Movement Webquest. You may also
choose to work alone if you wish.
Wednesday, 5/11/16
1.Warm-up: Vietnam, COld War, and Civil
Rights CHeck in on QUIA. This is timed.
2.When you are done, log-on to Achieve 3000,
CSLPs- Read your communication logs please
and follow those directions. THank you!
3.Homework: Practice Test for NCFE- American
History(100 questions) and Achieves due
Friday.
Digging Deeper- Decades Project
:D
Switch to project. Students will be able to have
two days of research and then two days to put
the product together. Presentations will
happen begin next Tuesday
Since your tables are your groups, you will pick
your decade from the hat to make it fair for all
involved.
Wed- Friday
Tuesday, 5.17.16, we will begin presentations.
You are responsible for doing a one pager for
every decade. Each one pager is worth 30 pts.
After Decades Projects are done
We will do NCFE Review.