Transcript ppt-constitutional_principles___const._articles

THE CONSTITUTION
Principles & Structure
I. Constitutional Principles
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Separation of Powers and Checks & Balances
Popular Sovereignty
Federalism
Rule of Law/Limited Government
**Individual Rights**
A. Separation of Powers and
Checks & Balances
Separation of Powers
Checks & Balances
B. Popular Sovereignty
• Sovereignty
• Popular sovereignty
• Examples
• 2 types of democracy:
• Direct democracy
• Republic/representative democracy
C. Federalism
• Federalism
• (Federal - _______________)
• Examples
U.S. Capitol
Kentucky Capitol
D. Rule of Law/Limited Government
• Rule of Law
• Limited
Government
• Examples
National Government
• May not violate the Bill of Rights
• May not impose export taxes among states
• May not use money from the Treasury without
the passage and approval of an appropriations
bill
• May not change state boundaries
State Government
• May not enter into treaties with other countries
• May not print money
• May not tax imports or exports
• May not Impair obligations of contracts
• May not suspend a person's rights without due
process
E. **Individual Rights**
II. Structure of the Constitution
7 Articles:
I. Legislative Branch
II.Executive Branch
III.Judicial Branch
IV.Federalism
V. Amendment Process
VI.Supremacy Clause
VII.Ratification
Article 1 – The Legislative Branch
Article 1 – The Legislative Branch
• Bicameral legislature
U.S. Congress
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Article 1 – The Legislative Branch
• Enumerated
Powers
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• Definition
• Examples
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Article I, Section. 8.
The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and
Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general
Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be
uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the
United States;
To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States,
and with the Indian Tribes;
To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the
subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;
To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the
Standard of Weights and Measures;
To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current
Coin of the United States;
To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited
Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective
Writings and Discoveries;
To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;
To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and
Offences against the Law of Nations;
To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules
concerning Captures on Land and Water;
To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall
be for a longer Term than two Years;
To provide and maintain a Navy;
To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval
Forces;
To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union,
suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for
governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United
Article 1 – The Legislative Branch
• “Necessary &
Proper” Clause
• Also called the
“elastic clause”
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”To make all Laws which
shall be necessary and
proper for carrying into
Execution the foregoing
Powers, and all other Powers
vested by this Constitution
in the Government of the
United States, or in any
Department or Officer
thereof.”
Article 2 – The Executive Branch
Article 2 – The Executive Branch
• Defines powers of the President
a. Commander-in-Chief
b. Report to Congress on “the State of the
Union”
c. Make treaties (with consent of Senate)
d. Appoint officials (with consent
of Senate)
Article 2 – The Executive Branch
• Implied Powers:
• “take care that the
laws are faithfully
executed”
• Examples:
• Also, means the
President has
powers not
specifically
mentioned
• Examples:
Little Rock 9
Executive Departments/Cabinet
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Department of State
Secretary John Kerry
state.gov
Department of the Treasury
Secretary Jack Lew
treasury.gov
Department of Defense
Secretary Ashton Carter
defense.gov
Department of Justice
Attorney General Loretta E. Lynch
usdoj.gov
Department of the Interior
Secretary Sally Jewell
doi.gov
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Department of Health and Human Services
Secretary Sylvia Mathews Burwell
hhs.gov
Department of Housing and Urban
Development
Secretary Julián Castro
hud.gov
Department of Transportation
Secretary Anthony Foxx
dot.gov
Department of Energy
Secretary Ernest Moniz
energy.gov
Department of Agriculture
Secretary Thomas J. Vilsack
usda.gov
Department of Education
Secretary Arne Duncan
ed.gov
Department of Commerce
Secretary Penny Pritzker
commerce.gov
Department of Labor
Secretary Thomas E. Perez
dol.gov
Department of Veterans Affairs
Secretary Robert McDonald
va.gov
Department of Homeland Security
Secretary Jeh Johnson
Article 3 – The Judicial Branch
Article 3 – The Judicial Branch
• Establishes the Supreme Court
• Final say in all cases involving the
Constitution
**Congress has
power to create
lower federal
courts**
Article 4 - Federalism
• Defines relationship
between states &
federal government:
1. Nat’l govt to states:
ensure a republican
form of govt
2. “Full faith and credit”
clause
Article 5 – Amendment Process
1. Introduced at
_________ level,
requires ___ vote.
2. Ratified at
_________ level,
requires ___ vote.
Article 6 – Supremacy Clause
“This Constitution, and the Laws of the United
States which shall be made in Pursuance
thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall
be made, under the Authority of the United
States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land;
and the Judges in every State shall be bound
thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws
of any State to the Contrary notwith-standing.”
Article 7 - Ratification
• Ratification –
• 9/13 states
had to ratify
• All 13 states
ratified
• Which state
was last?