Transcript File - Mr. dayton`s history zone!

Causes:
In __________________, Mexico won its Independence from __________________…
Americans went to ______________ because Mexico offered huge tracts of _______________, but they had to follow Mexico’s
________________(become __________________, speak __________________________)
9.
William
Henry
Harrison
Stephen __________________brought 300 families to Texas from 182____to 18____.
By 183_____ the Americans outnumbered the _______________ 6 to 1… The total population was around ______________________
people.
When Mexico issued a decree closing the border to further ________________________, Stephen Austin and Sam Houston tried to make
________________________, but failed and began planning their own ______________________ from Mexico.
In 18___________, the conflict grew ___________________ and Santa Anna took ____________________to punish the Texans in San
Antonio.
This lead to one of the most famous events in American history…the _______________!
10.
John Tyler
Results:
Texans were inspired to ___________________ Mexico after Santa Anna's cruelty at the
Alamo (and inspired the battle cry “Remember the ________________!”)
*Because someone has to…
What happened….
They created the “Republic of _______________” and set up a temporary
_________________________.
The Texans eventually won their _________________________at the Battle of San Jacinto
in September 18_____, Sam ______________became Texas’ president.
In 1836, the Republic of Texas asked President Andrew ______________________ to
become a state, but he ____________________ it because it would upset the balance of
The Attackers…
Free/Slave __________________!
When Van Buren became __________________, he didn’t want to interfere with the
__________________ issue or cause ______________with Mexico.
President ___________________supported the annexation of Texas, but the Senate remained
The Defenders…
_______________________ over the slavery issue.
It wasn’t until James K. ___________________ became President in 184____ that Texas
was officially annexed Texas as a __________state.
James K. Polk
Answer the following questions while watching Polk’s video:
1. James K. Polk was from __________.
2. He was the most accessible President…. The ____________________
band played every Wednesday on the White House Lawn. He also met
with ____ citizens a week!
3. He was a workaholic, he even had ______________ lights installed in
the White House.
4. Polk had 4 goals:
1. Settle the US/Great Britain dispute over _______________
2. Being _________________ into the United States
3. Set up a treasury
4. Lower ___________________
5. He threatened war with Great Britain in order to gain
______________. 54/40 or __________________ was the slogan.
6.Polk went to war with Mexico to settle the ______________ border
dispute and to acquire the ____________________.
7. How many terms did Polk serve?
Place a * on the territories we got because of James K. Polk.
James K. Polk’s Presidency
Becoming President:
A decade after Texas won its independence, the annexation of Texas remained an unsettled question. It
became a major issue in the presidential election of 1844. James K. Polk was not well known. The Whig
opposition party played on his obscurity, sniping, "Who is James K. Polk?" An experienced speaker, Polk
surprised everyone when he campaigned vigorously and won the presidency on November 5, 1844. He was
called a "dark horse" candidate because he was not expected to beat his opponent, Henry Clay of the Whig
Party, to become the 11th president of the United States.
Mexican-American War
In 1845, Texas was admitted to the Union, and as many had predicted, this led to war with Mexico. Not only
had the United States anger Mexico by annexing Texas, but there was a dispute over the southern boundary line
of Texas. Texas claimed that the Rio Grande River marked the southern boundary of Texas. Mexico said that the
land between the Nueces Rover and the Rio Grade, an area of about 100 miles in width, was not part of Texas.
Polk knew that Mexico needed money, he offered to purchase the area in dispute as well as California for $30
million, Mexico refused.
In 1846, President James K. Polk send Zachary Taylor to Texas to defend the disputed border. Mexican
forces attacked the troops, and Congress declared was on Mexico. The war was very popular with Americans,
especially westerners and southerners who were willing to take up arms for more land. However, not everyone
agreed with the war. Abraham Lincoln, a member of the House of Representatives from Illinois, pointed out
that the land under dispute was not “American soil” and that Taylor’s troops had invaded Mexico. Some
referred to the war as “Mr. Polk’s War” and claimed that he was trying to expand slavery. This led to the
Wilmot Proviso. The Wilmot Proviso was a proposal to ban slavery in any lands that the United States might
acquire from Mexico. Southerners protested and John C. Calhoun suggested that neither Congress nor any
territorial government could ban slavery from a territory or regulate it. Neither bill passed and no further action
was decided on slavery.
Polk also ordered troops, under Stephan Kearny into New Mexico and California. Before Kearny reached
California, settlers had begun their own revolt against Mexico. Taking up arms, they raised a grizzly bear flag
and declared California an independent republic. A young explorer, John C. Fremont (Fremont also helped map
out the Oregon Trail and became known as the Great Pathfinder), took command of the Bear Flag Rebellion and
joined forces with US forces under Kearny. Mexico had very little presence in California and by 1847, all of
southern California was under American control.
The Mexican-American War lased two years. With General Zachary Taylor winning several battles and
General Winfred Scott captured Veracruz and then captured Mexico City and winning the war. Polk sent a
representative, Nicholas Trist, to help General Scott negotiate with the Mexican government. Despite many
difficulties, Trist negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo formally ending the war. As a result of the treaty:
1. Mexico recognized Texas as part of the US
2. The border between Mexico and the US was established at the Rio Grande River.
3. Mexico gave up her claim to all of the Southwest Territory to the Pacific Ocean. This is the area that one
makes up the states of California, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.
4. The United States agreed to pay $15,000,000 for the land and $3,500,000 to American citizens for debts that
were owed to them by Mexico.
Achieving Manifest Destiny
In 1853, under President Franklin Pierce, the United States bought a small parcel of land from Mexico that
extended the southern boundaries of New Mexico and Arizona. This was called the Gadsden Purchase after
James Gadsden, the US ambassador to Mexico. The land was purchases to build a southern transcontinental
railroad. The Untied States paid Mexico $10,000,000 for the land.
1. Why is James K. Polk referred to as a “dark horse” candidate?
2. Name 3 causes of the Mexican-American War.
3. What action directly led to the start of the Mexican-American War?
4. How would you compare the ideas of the people who were for the
war and those who were against it?
5. What was the Wilmot Proviso? Did it ever take effect?
6. What was the Bear Flag Rebellion?
7. What 2 things is John C. Fremont known for?
8. What two generals were responsible for us winning the MexicanAmerican War?
9. What treaty formally ended the war? Did Polk accomplish his
presidential goals?
10. What was the Gadsden Purchase and what was its purpose?
11. Do you agree with the actions of James K. Polk that led to the
Mexican-American War? Why or why not?
12. How did James K. Polk help America to recognize our Manifest
Destiny.?
Pp 2/2/16
Purpose
• Get in groups of 2-3
• I will assign you one of the following topics:
–
–
–
–
–
–
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Manifest Destiny
Texas War of Independence
The Alamo
The Oregon Trail
The Mexican-American War
California Gold Rush
The Missouri Compromise
• Today, you need to research your topic and try to
find a specific part of it to complete a project on.
• You will be creating an informational poster!
Due Today
• Continue Researching your topic!
• Things to possibly research
– Leaders or key people involved in the event and their
roles (The Alamo, Texas War of Independence)
– The definition or meaning of an idea (such as
Manifest Destiny or the Missouri Compromise)
– Facts that you and your group find interesting
– Start thinking about visuals you could include
– Turn in research at the end of purpose
TN Ready Review
1. Manifest destiny advanced the belief that
-A. new territory would lead to more slavery
-B. God was on the side of American expansion
-C. Slavery should be abolished in the United States
-D. the Democratic Party would elect the next President
2. Which of these was the largest and most
constant issue facing the United States during the
era of "Manifest Destiny?“
A. Whether labor unions would be allowed to form
B. Whether states would allow women the right to vote
C. Whether Indians would be relocated to South Carolina
D. Whether slavery would spread across the United States
3. Mercantilism was the principle that
a.
b.
c.
d.
The purpose of the colonies is to economically benefit the mother country
The English colonies would lose their legal rights and elected assemblies
A government could tax without consent of the taxpayers for the purpose
of regulating trade
Colonists would henceforth be required to pay taxes to the crown to fund
their own protection
4. All of these conditions in England led leaders to encourage people to
migrate to America EXCEPT
a. Overcrowding in the cities
b. A lack of economic opportunities
c. A need to find sources for raw goods
d. The refusal to join the Catholic Church
5. A group of wealthy investors in England first
expressed interest in establishing James Town colony
in Virginia. What did the investors create in order to
purchase the charter for the colony?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Royal charter
Joint-Stock Company
Proprietary Charter
Restoration Company
6. What product was instrumental in bringing about economic stability
in the early years of the Virginia colony?
a. Cotton
b. Gold
c. Indigo
d. Tobacco
Texas War of Independence: Causes
• In 1821, Mexico won independence from
Spain.
• And Mexico controlled the land that is now
Texas.
• Americans went to Texas because Mexico
offered huge tracts of land, but they had to
follow Mexico’s rules (become Catholic, and
speak Spanish).
Texas War of Independence: Causes
• Stephen F. Austin brought 300 families to Texas
from 1824 to 1828.
• By 1830 the Americans outnumbered the Tejanos
(Mexican citizens who lived in Texas) 6 to 1… The
total population was around 50,000.
• When Mexico issued a decree closing the border
to further immigration, Stephen Austin and Sam
Houston tried to make peace, but failed and began
planning their own break from Mexico.
Texas War of Independence: Causes
• In 1835, the conflict grew violent and Mexican
General Santa Anna took an army to punish
the Texans in San Antonio.
• The lead to one of the most famous events in
American history… the Battle of the Alamo!
Texas War of Independence: Results
• Texans were inspired to defeat Mexico after Santa
Anna’s cruelty at the Alamo (and inspired the
battle cry “Remember the Alamo!”)
• They created the “Republic of Texas” and set up a
temporary government.
• The Texans eventually won their independence at
the Battle of San Jacinto in September 1836, Sam
Houston became Texas’ president.
Texas War of Independence: Results
• In 1836, the Republic of Texas asked President
Andrew Jackson to become a state, but he
refused it because it would upset the balance
of Free/Slave states!
• When Van Buren became President, he didn’t
want to interfere with the slavery issue or
cause war with Mexico.
Texas War of Independence: Results
• President John Tyler supported the annexation
of Texas, but the Senate remained divided
over the slavery issue.
• It wasn’t until James K. Polk became President
in 1844 that Texas was officially annexed as
new state.
• Annex = append or add as an extra part
THE FIGHT FOR TEXAS
Narrator #1
Narrator #2
Narrator #3
Narrator #4
Narrator #5
Colonel William Travis
Stephen Austin
Santa Anna
Mexican Soldier #1
Mexican Soldier #2
Texan #1
Texan #2
Davie Crockett
Sam Houston
REMEMBER THE ALAMO!!!!!!!!!!!!