Transcript File - TWO Academies

What we did Yesterday??
 This battle signified that almost all of South Carolina was controlled by the
British.
 This Battle was the turning point of the American Revolution?
 The fort on Sullivan’s Island was named after this person?
 What does bicameral legislature mean? How did South Carolina use it for
there New Constitution?
 This guy was known as the Fighting Quaker?
 The British created _______ around Charleston Harbor to cut off supply
lines.
What we did Yesterday?
How long was South Carolina’s First
Constitution suppose to last?
 Another name for a “Loyalist” would be?
 What was the battle that is considered the
turning point in re-capturing South Carolina?
 What was the last major battle in South
Carolina?
 Who is the leader of the British Army?
 What battle is considered the Turning point
of the American Revolution in the South?

Battle of Saratoga

Turning point in the American Revolution

Led to an alliance with France

British turned their attention to South
Carolina in hopes of finding Loyalists
The First Battle for Charleston

In June 1776, British General Henry Clinton and his
troops set sail from Boston with a large naval force to
attack Charleston.
 Three ships on the Southwest side
 Nine ships were to fire at the fort from the sea side
 British troops were to walk across from Long Island and
attack the fort.

First attempt by the British to capture Charleston had
been thwarted by the tides and the resilience of the
palmetto log fort (Fort Moultrie).
 Named this because General William Moultrie who
commanded the South Carolina Militia.
 The South Carolina state flag came from the battle of Fort
Moultrie
The Second Battle for Charleston

The British created a Blockade around Charleston Harbor to
cut off supply lines.

In May 1781, South Carolina Patriot troops trapped on the
peninsula were forced to surrender.

The British hoped that South Carolina Loyalists and the large
number of Carolinians who remained neutral would help them
control the state and contribute to their winning the war.

Other patriot forces in South Carolina were forced to surrender
and were later paroled.

The British soon required Patriots on parole to take up arms
against their countrymen.
Battle for Charleston

The British and their Loyalist forces treated South Carolina harshly.
 Burned churches
 Looted and confiscated homes
 Harassed and exiled citizens

Patriot partisans were fighting both British regular troops and loyalist forces
using hit and run tactics all over the state.




Francis Marion
Thomas Sumter
Andrew Pickens
William Harden

Reported a total of 5,283 captured, including three signers of the
Declaration of Independence: Edward Rutledge, Arthur Middleton and
Thomas Heyward, Jr.

Charleston remained under British control until they evacuated it in 1782
due to the imminent Treaty of Paris.
Battle of Camden

A major defeat for the Continental Army.

Signified that almost all of South Carolina was controlled by the
British.

General Nathaniel Greene worked with the states partisans to
fight a “Mobile War”
 Nathaniel Greene is also known as the “Fighting Quaker”
 Emerged from the war with a reputation as George Washington’s
most gifted and dependable officer.

In May 1780, British troops under the command of Colonel
Tarleton slaughtered a regiment of Virginians in present-day
Lancaster county
 Earned the nickname “Bloody” Tarleton
 Helped convince some neutral South Carolinians to join the
Patriots.
 Gave the Americans an emotional appeal they used in battle.
Battle of Kings Mountain

South Carolina militiamen used “Guerrilla Warfare” to fight the British
 A tactic in which small groups of soldiers harass or launch surprise attacks
on the enemy and then disappear.
 The raids by Marion’s and Sumter’s men kept American morale up and
frustrated the British.

Francis Marion
 Also known as the “Swamp Fox”
 Marion’s troops would attack the rear of a British patrol or army, kill or wound
several soldiers, then disappear into the swamps.

Thomas Sumter
 Also, known as the “Gamecock”
 The British burned down his home so he responded by rallying a militia and
fighting back.
 Received the name during the American Revolution for his fierce fighting
tactics.
 A British General commented that Sumter "fought like a gamecock"
 Cornwallis paid him the finest tribute when he described the Gamecock as
his greatest plague.
Continue

Mountain Men from both North and South
Carolina battled British/Tories.
 Attacked them because of their treatment of people
in the backcountry.
 Fought the Tory forces from behind rocks and trees
and inflicted heavy casualties on them.

King’s Mountain is considered a turning point
of the American Revolution in the South.

It was the beginning of the end for the British
in America and led to them retreating from the
interior of the state.
Battle of Cowpens

It was a turning point in the re-conquest of South Carolina from
the British.

Showed a cooperation of the Continental Army and the Militia.

Partisans led an attack and then fled to the field.
 British forces followed and ran into the guns of the American Army.
 The British were soundly defeated.
 The first time in the Revolution, an American army defeated a force of
mostly British regulars.

Cornwallis and the British retreated into North Carolina to fight
and wait for supplies
 Moved toward Virginia leaving the remainder of their forces posted in
South Carolina to be evacuated.
Battle of Eutaw Springs

The last major engagement in South Carolina between the
Americans and British.

Major General Nathaniel Greene began a campaign to end British
control over the South Carolina backcountry.

Commanded by General Nathaniel Greene who wished to prevent
Col. Stewart from joining General Lord Cornwallis in the event of
that leader’s retreat south from Yorktown.
 About 2,000 American troops, many ill-clad and barefoot, were
slightly outnumbered.
Eutaw Springs

Greene stopped the British and soon began a counterattack which
drove the British back.
 Greene's men preoccupied with looting, British Commander
shifted his men to a brick mansion just beyond the British camp
for protection.
 Rallying the British troops around the structure, Stewart
counterattacked and with Greene’s forces disorganized, Greene
was compelled to organize his rear guard and retreat

Stewart withdrew his forces to Charleston, where they remained
until the end of the war.

Though he had won a tactical victory, Stewart's decision to
withdraw to the safety of Charleston proved a strategic victory for
Greene.
Treaty of Paris

The Continental Congress appointed John Adams, John Jay,
and Ben Franklin as American peace negotiators.
 Representatives from France and Spain attended the talks.

Wanted a treaty that would recognize the independence of
the United States.
 Establish its western boundary at the Mississippi River

The Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783.
 British recognized the United States as independent.
 The western boundary of the United States was the
Mississippi River, down to 31 degrees North latitude.
 The Spanish took control of the territory south of that line
which included Florida.
 Americans received the rights to fish off Canada.
South Carolina’s
Second Constitution
Adopted on March 19, 1778
 South Carolina operated under this new
constitution for twelve years
 1776 constitution and 1778 constitution were
almost the same.

 The “President” would now be called Governor.
 John Rutledge was the first governor elected under the
new constitution.
 Representation in the lower house was shared more
equally between the Low Country and the Up Country.
 The Constitution guaranteed “The Right to Free Press”
Video Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c8VT
0c0mymc&feature=related
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txeNC
-zG34w
 Go to Discover education
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3PwtT
KSU9AU&feature=relmfu
 The Patriot battle at Camden

Washington- "these are the
times that try men's souls"
http://www.columbiacvb.com/includes/even
ts/index.cfm?action=displayDetail&eventid
=11278