Transcript Chapter 17

BELL WORK
Teddy Roosevelt was
a “Larger than Life”
character. What does
it mean to be “Larger
than Life?”
OBJECTIVES:
• AS A RESULT OF THIS LESSON, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE
TO:
• EXPLAIN HOW THE ACTIVITIES OF THE U.S. IN LATIN
AMERICA SET THE STAGE FOR WAR WITH SPAIN
• IDENTIFY THE EVENTS THAT LEAD UP TO AND FOLLOWED
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
• LIST THE CHALLENGES THE U.S. FACED AFTER THE WAR
• EXPLAIN WHY THE U.S. SOUGHT TO GAIN INFLUENCE IN
THE PACIFIC
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN
WAR
THE SPANISH AMERICAN
WAR
The origins of the Spanish American War were a
combination of America's genuine concern for
Spanish intervention in our hemisphere, and the
growing political belief that in order to become a
great power, we needed to expand our influence
here, and in the Pacific.
TWO THEATERS
• SPANISH, AMERICAN WAR WAS THE
FIRST TIME U.S. COMMITTED TROOPS
AND SHIPS TO A 2 THEATER WAR,
• PHILIPPINES IN THE PACIFIC
• CUBA TO OUR SOUTH.
• PHILIPPINE CAMPAIGN - THE FIRST
BATTLE FOUGHT AND WAGED SOLELY
AT SEA.
SETTING THE STAGE FOR
WAR
• U.S. BECAME INVOLVED IN CUBAN
REBELLION AGAINST SPAIN, TO
PROTECT AMERICAN BUSINESS
INTERESTS.
SETTING THE STAGE FOR
WAR
• TWO NEW YORK NEWSPAPERS WROTE
EXAGGERATED STORIES ABOUT CUBAN REBELLION.
THIS YELLOW JOURNALISM SOLD A LOT OF PAPERS
BUT HAD OTHER EFFECTS AS WELL:
• INCREASED AMERICAN OPINION IN FAVOR OF THE
CUBAN REBELS.
•
LED TO NATIONAL PRIDE AND DESIRE FOR
AGGRESSIVE FOREIGN POLICY, WHICH BECAME
KNOWN AS JINGOISM.
STEPS TO WAR
1. THE USS MAINE WAS STATIONED IN HAVANA HARBOR.
2. SPANISH AMBASSADOR DE LÔME INSULTED PRESIDENT
MCKINLEY.
3. THE USS MAINE EXPLODED, AND THE AMERICAN PUBLIC
BLAMED SPAIN.
4. CONGRESS RECOGNIZED CUBAN INDEPENDENCE AND
AUTHORIZED FORCE AGAINST SPAIN.
IN YOUR NOTEBOOK…
“SEARCH FOR MISSING BRIDE CONTINUES”
“COLD FEET SUSPECTED IN CASE OF MISSING BRIDE”
“BRIDE MISSING! RECENT FIGHT WITH GROOM’S FAMILY”
1. HOW DO THESE HEADLINES DIFFER?
2. CONSIDER THE WORDING AND HOW A READER
MIGHT RESPOND TO EACH ARTICLE.
IN YOUR NOTEBOOK…
•
WHAT HAPPENED TO THE
MAINE?
• WHAT EVIDENCE DO YOU HAVE FOR YOUR ANSWER? GIVE AN EXAMPLE WHERE THE
REPORTER USES SOLID EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT A CLAIM MADE IN THE ARTICLE.
• DO YOU THINK THESE ARTICLES WOULD
READERS IN 1898? HOW SO?
HAVE BEEN RECEIVED DIFFERENTLY BY THEIR
• WHAT EFFECT MIGHT THE JOURNAL ARTICLE HAVE HAD ON ITS READERS?
• WHAT EFFECT MIGHT THE TIMES ARTICLE HAVE HAD ON ITS READERS?
• HOW SIGNIFICANT DO YOU THINK THE MAINE EXPLOSION WAS TO THE AMERICAN
PEOPLE AT THIS TIME? WHY?
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“A SPLENDID LITTLE WAR”
• MAY 1, 1898: THE UNITED STATES LAUNCHED A SURPRISE
ATTACK IN MANILA BAY AND DESTROYED SPAIN’S ENTIRE
PACIFIC FLEET IN SEVEN HOURS.
• JULY 1: THEODORE ROOSEVELT
JUAN HILL.
LED THE
• JULY 3: THE UNITED STATES NAVY
SPANISH SHIPS.
ROUGH RIDERS
SANK THE REMAINING
UP
SAN
BELL WORK
•WHAT IS THE UNITED STATES’
RELATIONSHIP WITH CUBA
TODAY?
OBJECTIVES:
• AS A RESULT OF THIS LESSON, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE
TO:
• EXPLAIN HOW THE ACTIVITIES OF THE U.S. IN LATIN
AMERICA SET THE STAGE FOR WAR WITH SPAIN
• IDENTIFY THE EVENTS THAT LEAD UP TO AND FOLLOWED
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
• LIST THE CHALLENGES THE U.S. FACED AFTER THE WAR
• EXPLAIN WHY THE U.S. SOUGHT TO GAIN INFLUENCE IN
THE PACIFIC
THE TREATY OF PARIS
• THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT
RECOGNIZED CUBA’S
INDEPENDENCE.
• SPAIN GAVE UP THE PHILIPPINES,
GUAM, AND PUERTO RICO IN
RETURN FOR $20 MILLION.
• THE
ISLAND NATIONS THEN BECAME
UNINCORPORATED TERRITORIES OF
THE UNITED STATES.
NEW CHALLENGES AFTER THE
WAR
1. THE PHILIPPINES
2. CUBA
3. PUERTO RICO
NEW CHALLENGES AFTER THE
WAR
• THE PHILIPPINES
• MCKINLEY’S ARGUMENTS FOR
ANNEXATION:
• FILIPINOS
UNFIT FOR SELFGOVERNMENT.
• INDEPENDENCE =
• EUROPE
ISLANDS.
ANARCHY.
WOULD TRY TO SEIZE
NEW CHALLENGES AFTER THE
WAR
• CUBA
• PRESIDENT MCKINLEY INSTALLED A MILITARY GOVERNMENT TO
PROTECT AMERICAN BUSINESS INTERESTS.
• CUBA’S CONSTITUTION DID NOT ALLOW FOR U.S. INVOLVEMENT.
• THE U.S. GOVERNMENT ONLY AGREED TO REMOVE ITS TROOPS IF
CUBA INCLUDED THE PLATT AMENDMENT IN ITS CONSTITUTION.
PLATT AMENDMENT
• ALLOWED U.S. NAVAL BASES ON
THE ISLAND AND INTERVENTION
WHENEVER NECESSARY.
NEW CHALLENGES AFTER THE
WAR
• PUERTO RICO: GIVEN
AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP WITH
PASSAGE OF THE JONES ACT
IN 1917
OTHER GAINS IN THE PACIFIC
• U.S. INTERVENED IN OTHER PARTS OF THE PACIFIC AT THE SAME
TIME EVENTS PLAYED OUT IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR.
• THIS BROUGHT CHANGES IN THE
HAWAII, SAMOA, AND CHINA.
RELATIONSHIPS OF THE
U.S.
WITH
• HAWAII BECAME INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT TO UNITED
STATES BUSINESS INTERESTS.
• HAWAII ALSO LEASED PEARL HARBOR TO THE UNITED STATES
AS A FUELING AND REPAIR STATION FOR NAVAL VESSELS.
• IN 1898, CONGRESS APPROVED THE ANNEXATION OF HAWAII.
• ISLANDS
OF
SAMOA
PAGO PAGO
STATES.
AND THEIR HARBOR AT
WERE ALSO IMPORTANT TO THE
UNITES
• AFTER ANNEXATION OF HAWAII, U.S. ACQUIRED HARBOR AT
PAGO PAGO.
• CHINA’S HUGE POPULATION AND ITS VAST MARKETS BECAME
VERY IMPORTANT TO AMERICAN TRADE.
• PRESIDENT MCKINLEY’S
SECRETARY OF STATE WANTED TO ENSURE THROUGH HIS
OPEN DOOR POLICY THAT THE U.S. WOULD HAVE EQUAL
ACCESS TO CHINA’S MILLIONS OF CONSUMERS.
DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES?
• CAN YOU?
• EXPLAIN HOW THE ACTIVITIES OF THE U.S. IN
LATIN AMERICA SET THE STAGE FOR WAR WITH
SPAIN
• IDENTIFY THE EVENTS THAT LEAD UP TO AND
FOLLOWED THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
• LIST THE CHALLENGES THE U.S. FACED AFTER THE
WAR
• EXPLAIN WHY THE U.S. SOUGHT TO GAIN
INFLUENCE IN THE PACIFIC
BELL WORK
Many people
around the world
think of Americans
as ‘cowboys;’ what
qualities do
cowboys possess?
LESSON 3: A NEW AMERICAN
FOREIGN POLICY
OBJECTIVES:
• AS A RESULT OF THIS LESSON, STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
• EXPLAIN WHY THE U.S. WANTED TO BUILD THE PANAMA CANAL
• IDENTIFY THE GOALS OF ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY
• ANALYZE HOW THE FOREIGN POLICIES OF PRESIDENTS TAFT AND
WILSON DIFFERED FROM ROOSEVELT’S
A NEW FOREIGN POLICY
• THE PANAMA CANAL
• AMERICANS NEEDED A
SHORTER ROUTE
BETWEEN THE
ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC
OCEANS.
ROOSEVELT’S DIPLOMACY
• ELECTED IN 1904
“SPEAK
SOFTLY AND CARRY
A BIG STICK AND YOU WILL
GO FAR.”
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• ROOSEVELT USED THIS OLD AFRICAN PROVERB TO GUIDE HIS
FOREIGN POLICY.
• ROOSEVELT COROLLARY TO THE MONROE DOCTRINE –U.S.
WILL ACT AS “AN INTERNATIONAL POLICE POWER” IN THE
WESTERN HEMISPHERE AND INTERVENE TO PREVENT
INTERVENTION BY OTHER POWERS.
FOREIGN POLICY AFTER
ROOSEVELT
• WILLIAM HOWARD
TAFT
• ELECTED PRESIDENT
IN
1908.
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• TAFT
AMERICAN
DIPLOMACY”.
BELIEVED IN MAINTAINING INFLUENCE THROUGH
INVESTMENTS, NOT MILITARY
• U.S. REACHED NEW HEIGHTS
ROOSEVELT AND TAFT.
• POLICIES
-
CALLED
“DOLLAR
OF INTERNATIONAL POWER UNDER
LATIN AMERICA AND A
OF U.S. INTERVENTION.
OF BOTH CREATED ENEMIES IN
GROWING INTERNATIONAL RESENTMENT
• WOODROW WILSON
• ELECTED IN 1912
• UNDER WILSON, THE UNITED
STATES APPLIED MORE MORAL
AND LEGALISTIC STANDARDS
TO FOREIGN POLICY DECISIONS.
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BUZZWORDS AT THE TURN OF THE
TH
20 CENTURY:
• BONEHEAD –
• GARAGE –
THIS EXPRESSION MEANT A STUPID OR IGNORANT PERSON.
THE SHELTER OR STORAGE FACILITY FOR AN AUTOMOBILE
• ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER – A DISEASE FROM TICKS FOUND IN THE
ROCKY MOUNTAINS; IT CAUSES PAIN, FEVER, AND SPOTTY RED SKIN BLEMISHES.
• SCRIMMAGE
LINE
–
IMAGINARY LINE IN FOOTBALL ON WHICH THE BALL SITS AT
THE BEGINNING OF EACH PLAY.
• TURTLENECK –
THE NECK.
A HIGH COLLAR THAT FOLDS OVER AND FITS SNUGGLY AROUND
INTERESTING FACTS:
• BEATRIX POTTER WROTE THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT IN 1900
AT THE AGE OF 27
• THE FIRST WORLD SERIES WAS PLAYED IN 1903 BETWEEN
BOSTON AND PITTSBURGH.
• BOSTON
TOOK THE SERIES
5
GAMES TO
3.
• THE WORLD SERIES HAS BEEN PLAYED EVERY YEAR SINCE EXCEPT 1904
AND 1994
• TAKE ME OUT TO THE BALL GAME
WAS WRITTEN IN
1908
FAMOUS FIRSTS!
• AMERICAN BOWLING TOURNAMENT HELD IN CHICAGO
• COAST TO COAST CROSSING OF AMERICA BY CAR (65 DAYS)
• SUBWAY IN NEW YORK
• AMERICAN OLYMPICS AT ST. LOUIS
• WOMAN ARRESTED FOR SMOKING IN PUBLIC
• MOTHER’S DAY (MAY 10, 1908 - - DECLARED A NAT’L HOLIDAY
IN 1915)
FAMOUS FIRSTS!
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
DAILY COMIC STRIP
BLACK WORLD HEAVYWEIGHT BOXING CHAMPION,
JACK JOHNSON
PERMANENT HAIR WAVES
AIR-CONDITIONED FACTORY
CAR TO BE DRIVEN FASTER THAN
1 MILE PER HOUR
TOURNAMENT OF ROSES IN PASADENA
ICE-CREAM CONES
BIBLE PLACED IN HOTEL ROOMS
MOVIE MADE IN LOS ANGELES
ELECTRIC WASHING MACHINE
FACTS ABOUT THE THREE
PRESIDENTS OF THIS TIME
• WILLIAM MCKINLEY
• 25TH PRESIDENT
• YEARS
IN OFFICE:
1897 – 1901
• PARTY: REPUBLICAN
• BORN: 1843 → DIED: 1901
• HOME STATE: OHIO
• FIRST LADY: IDA SAXTON
• EDUCATION: BRIEFLY
COLLEGE
ATTENDED
ALLEGHENY
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FACTS ABOUT THE THREE
PRESIDENTS OF THIS TIME
• THEODORE ROOSEVELT
• 26TH PRESIDENT
• YEARS
IN OFFICE:
1901 – 1909
• PARTY: REPUBLICAN
• BORN: 1858 → DIED: 1919
• HOME STATE: NEW YORK
• FIRST LADY: A. LEE & E. CAROW
• EDUCATION: GRADUATED
HARVARD COLLEGE
IN
FROM
1880
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FACTS ABOUT THE THREE
PRESIDENTS OF THIS TIME
• WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT
• 27TH PRESIDENT
• YEARS
IN
OFFICE: 1909 – 1913
• PARTY: REPUBLICAN
• BORN: 1857 → DIED: 1930
• HOME STATE: OHIO
• FIRST LADY: HELEN HERRON
• EDUCATION: GRADUATED
UNIVERSITY
• ONCE
FROM
YALE
GOT STUCK IN A TUB WHILE
PRESIDENT
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DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES?
• CAN YOU?
• EXPLAIN WHY THE U.S. WANTED TO BUILD THE PANAMA CANAL
• IDENTIFY THE GOALS OF ROOSEVELT’S “BIG STICK” DIPLOMACY
• ANALYZE HOW THE FOREIGN POLICIES OF PRESIDENTS TAFT AND WILSON DIFFERED FROM
ROOSEVELT’S