Transcript The U2 incident….

Please take out a pen/pencil
and a scratch piece of paper!!!
How observant are you?
1. On a standard traffic light, is the green on the top or bottom?
2. In which hand is the Statue of Liberty’s torch?
3. What two numbers on the telephone dial don’t have letters by them?
4. When you walk does your left arm swing with your right or left leg?
5. On the United States flag is the top stripe red or white?
6. What is the lowest number on the FM dial?
7. Which way does water go down the drain, counter or clockwise?
8. Which side of a women’s blouse are the buttons on?
9. Do books have even-numbered pages on the right or left side?
10. Sleepy, Happy, Sneezy, Grumpy, Dopey, Doc. Who is missing?
11. How many curves are there in the standard paper clip?
12. Does a merry-go-round turn counter or clockwise?
13. Which way does a “no smoking” signs slash run?
14. How many sides does a stop sign have?
15. How many sides are there on a standard pencil?
Answers!
1. Bottom
2. Right
3. 1 and 0
4. Right
5. Red
6. 88
7. Clockwise (north of the equator)
8. Left
9. Left
10. Bashful
11. 3
12. Counter
13. Towards bottom right
14. 8
15. 6
The start of the Cold War:
Great Britain, the USA and the USSR had worked together
to fight and defeat the axis powers in World War II.
1. The War time allies soon become enemies.
It gradually became evident that the mutual distrust that
had existed before 1939 was returning now that the
common enemy was defeated.
Factors that led to the Cold War
Post-war tensions, 1945 - 1946:
Atomic
bomb
Gradual
Soviet take-over
of Eastern Europe
Germany:
Disputes over
 reparations
 reconstruction
 democracy
‘Iron Curtain’
speech, March 1946,
by Churchill
With the creating of the atomic bomb, a wide spread of
nuclear technology began to be produced in order to be
ready for any possible threat.
Soviet Expansion in Eastern Europe:
 Between 1945 and 1948 the Soviet Union imposed communist
government on several East European countries ( satellite
states).
Reasons:
• The war as a triumph for Soviet communism
• The level of the Soviet wartime sacrifice should never again
be reached.
• Stalin wanted a barrier (buffer) to stop the Soviet Union
from being invaded again.
 During 1947 - 1948 the frontier between Soviet-dominated
Europe and the West was closed on Stalin‘s orders, ending all
tourist and trade contacts between them.
What reasons caused this distrust of the USSR?
Background:
Mutual distrust,
since 1918
Conflicting
systems
Conflicting aims
in Central and
Eastern
Europe, 1945
The American response:
Between 1945 and 1949 the Americans developed a policy
called ‘containment’. The theory of containment was that the
USA should use all means to prevent Soviet power from
spreading any further.
Soviet policy is a continuation of traditional Russian
policy of hostility towards the outside world.
• The Soviet leaders cannot be trusted.
RED SCARE!!!
• The Soviet Union will use every method to destroy
democracy in the Western world.
Containment remained the U.S. policy until the end of the
Cold War in the late 1980s.
Important Incidents
of the Cold War
The U2 incident, 1960
Space Races, 1945-69
The Cuban missile
crisis, 1962
Bay of Pigs, 1961
The U2 incident….not to be confused with...
The U2 Incident
In 1962 espionage became big news as the 'U2
Incident' grabbed world headlines. Pilot Gary
Powers was shot down as he flew the sinister U2
(above), designed for covert surveillance, over
Soviet territory, sparking one of the biggest
international crises of the Cold War. The US
demanded his safe return. The USSR wanted to
know what he was doing up there in the first place.
The public realized that they were vulnerable to
aerial observation - and attack?
Space Races, 1945-69
The Cold war inspired a race
between the two countries to be
the first into space and onto the
moon. The Russians scared the
United States with the launching
of the first satellite ‘Sputnik’
into space.
This then motivated the United
States to be the first to land
on the moon.
Other benefits of the Cold War...
The Cuban Missile Crisis
Bay of Pigs, 1961
On April 17, 1961, some twelve
hundred exiles landed at Cuba’s
Bay of Pigs. President Kennedy trained
and armed these exiles to fight against the
Cuban government. Yet, these fighters were
no match for Castro’s air force. Most of the
invaders rotted for two years in Cuban jails
but were eventually “ransomed” for some
$62 million dollars.