Transcript After World War II, China became a communist

MAIN
IDEA
World
War
After
II, China
became a communist nation and
Korea was split into a communist
north and democratic south.
WHY IT MATTERS
NOW
Ongoing tensions with
China and North Korea
continue to involve the
United States
TERMS & NAMES
• CHIANG KAI-SHEK: Ruled in southern and eastern
China, Relied heavily on aid from the U.S,
struggled with inflation and a failing economy,
and suffered from weak leadership and poor
moral.
• MAO ZEDONG: Ruled in northern China, relied
heavily on financial aid from the Soviet Union,
attracted peasants with promises of land reform,
and benefited from experienced Gorilla Army
and a highly motivated leadership.
• TAIWAN: An island of China, which westerners
called Formosa.
• 38TH PARALLEL (38 DEGREES NORTH LATITUDE):
Where Japanese Troops surrendered to the
Soviets.
• KOREAN WAR: a conflict between North Korea
and South Korea in which the United States along
with other UN countries fought on the side of
South Koreans and China fought on the side of
North Koreans.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv
=2&hl=en&q=+the+korean+war
COMMUNIST TAKEOVER
IN CHINA
• The communist led by Mao Zedong gained strength
throughout the country.
• Worked to win Peasant Support
•They encouraged peasants to learn to read, and they
helped improve food production.
•More and more recruits flocked to the Communists’
Red Army and much of Northern China was under
communist control.
•After World War II, The Civil War erupted among the
Nationalist and the communists.
• United States supported nationalist but tried to
maintain being the peacemaker, but failed.
COMMUNIST TAKEOVER IN CHINA
-CONTINUED•The U.S. sent $2 billion worth of military
supplies in place of having to fight.
•Abusive practices drove peasants to
the communist side.
•In May 1949 Chiang and his
nationalist government fled to Taiwan.
•After 20 years of struggle, the
communist ruled all of China and
established a new government, the
Peoples Republic of China, in which
the U.S did not except.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&q=+t
he+korean+war
KOREA BECOMES A DIVIDED NATION
AFTER WORLD WAR II
•Japan annexed Korea in 1910
and ruled it until 1945.
•In 1948 the republic of Korea,
south Korea, was established in the
zone that had been occupied by
the US.
•Korea’s government headed by
Syngman Rhee, was based in
Seoul, Korea’s capital.
•North Korea led by Kim II Sung,
was based in Pyongyang.
•The communists formed the
Democratic Peoples of Republic.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&q=
+the+korean+war
THE U.S. FIGHTS IN
KOREA
•North Korea captures the Seoul.
•North Koreans forced UN and
South Korea into a small defensive
zone around Husan in the south
eastern corner of the peninsula.
•United States General Macarthur
launched a counter attack, a
surprise amphibious landing behind
enemy lines at Inchon.
•Other troops moved north to
Pusan, trapping the two attacking
forces.
•North Korean troops surrendered.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&q=+the
+korean+war
THE CHINESE FIGHTS BACK
• Zhou En-Lai, China’s communist foreign
minister would not stand by and let
Americans come to the Yalu River.
• In 1950, 300,000 Chinese troops joined
war on the side of North Korea.
• Chinese drove UN troops southward.
• By January 1951, all UN and South
Korean troops had been pushed out of
North Korea.
• Chinese advanced to the south
capturing the South Korean Capital,
Seoul.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en
&q=+the+korean+war
• They fought for two years but neither
side made advances.
MACARTHUR VS. TRUMAN
• General Douglas Macarthur and
President Truman strongly
disagreed about how best to
proceed in the Korean War.
•Macarthur wanted extend the
war into China.
•Truman rejected Macarthur's
request because he thought it
would start a World War III.
•Truman wanted to put together a
settlement of the war and could no
longer tolerate a military
commander, Macarthur, who was
trying to sabotage his policy.
•Therefore on April 11, 1951
Truman announced that he had
fired Macarthur.
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&q=+the+
korean+war
SETTLING FOR STALEMATE
•The soviet Union suggested a cease-fire on June
23, 1951.
•The opposing sides reached agreement on two
points, location and the establishment of a
demilitarized zone between opposing sides.
•June 1953, the two sides signed a armistice
ending the war.
•The war had affected the lives of ordinary
Americans in many ways.
•It cost 54,000 American lives and $67 billion in
expenditures.
•The high cost led Americans to reject the
democratic party in 1952 and to elect republican
Dwight D. Eisenhower .
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=
en&q=+the+korean+war
•The Korean increased fear of communist
aggression and prompted a hunt for Americans
who might be blamed for the communist gains.