Transcript Immigration - CP 9th Grade Social Studies

Multiculturalism
In the world today, more
than 6 billion people live.
If this world were shrunk
to the size of a village of
100 people, what would it
look like?
59 would be Asian
14 would be American
14 would be African
12 would be European
1 would be from the
South Pacific
(NCS)
50 would be women, 50 would be
men
30 would be children, 70 would be
adults.
70 would be nonwhite, 30 would be
white
90 would be heterosexual, 10 would
be homosexual
33 would be Christians
21 would be Muslims
15 would be Hindus
6 would be Buddhists
5 would be Animists
6 would believe in other religions
14 would be without any religion
or atheist.
15 would speak Chinese, Mandarin
7 English
6 Hindi
6 Spanish
5 Russian
4 Arabic
3 Bengali
3 Portuguese
The other would speak Indonesian,
Japanese,
German, French, or some other
language.
20 are underonurished
1 is dying of starvation, while 15 are
overweight.
Of the wealth in this village, 6 people
own 59% (all of them from the United
States), 74 people own 39%, and 20
people share the remaining 2%.
Of the energy of this village, 20
people consume 80%, and 80 people
share the remaining 20%.
20 have no clean, safe water to drink.
56 have access to sanitation
15 adults are illiterate.
1 has an university degree.
7 have computers.
In one year, 1 person in the village
will die, but in the same year, 2
babies will be born, so that at the
year's end the number of villagers will
be 101.
If you do not live in fear of death by
bombardment, armed attack,
landmines, or of rape or kidnapping
by armed groups, then you are more
fortunate than 20 who do.
• If you can speak and act according to
your faith and your conscience
without harassment, imprisonment,
torture or death, then you are more
fortunate than 48 who can not.
If you have money in the bank,
money in your wallet and spare
change somewhere around the
house, then you are among the
richest 8.
Immigration
1865-1920
What is a Migration?
• to move from one country, place, or
locality to another
What is an Emigrant?
• a person who leaves one's place of
residence or country to live elsewhere
– emigrated from China to the United States
What is an Immigrant?
• a person who comes to a country to take
up permanent residence
– immigrated to the United States from China
Where did the majority of Immigrants to
the United States originate from?
Where did the majority of Immigrants to
the United States originate from?
• Between 1865 and 1890, the vast
majority of immigrants came from
Europe, with the majority of those
coming from the northwest and central
countries.
– Ireland, Great Britain, Germany, Poland
• Between 1890 and 1920, the vast
majority of Immigrants came from
central, southern, and eastern Europe,
and to a lesser extent, the Middle East
– Russia, Bulgaria, Italy, Turkey
How many Immigrants came to the
United States?
• In 1860, the US
population totaled approx.
31.5 million people
• Between 1865 and 1920,
almost 30 million
immigrants came to the
US
Where do immigrants live today?
Immigration Statistics
Northwestern Europe
•7238234
•Most 1881-85
•Least 1916-20
Central Europe
•7394373
•Most 1906-10
•Least 1916-20
Eastern Europe
•3564698
•Most 1906-10
•Least 1871-75
Southern Europe
•4883571
•Most 1906-10
•Least 1871-75
Asia
•699564
•Most 1906-10
•Least 1886-90
The Americas
•2375342
•Most 1916-20
•Least 1891-95
Africa
•17376
•Most 1911-15
•Least 1876-80
Oceania
•53904
•Most 1886-90
•Least 1896-00
1871-1875
•1726183
1876-1880
•1085218
1881-1885
•2975233
1886-1890
•2270591
1891-1895
•2110046
1896-1900
•1563455
1901-1905
•3832706
1906-1910
•4929166
1911-1915
•4459587
1916-1920
•1274877
Most Amount of Immigrants
• 1906-1910
• 4929166 Immigrants
Least Amount of Immigrants
• 1876-1880
• 1085218 Immigrants
Why did emigrants leave their
homelands? (Push Causes)
• Issues in the homeland included:
– Unemployment and/or Low wages
– War
– Natural Disasters
– Political Turmoil
– Religious Persecution
– Ethnic Cleansing/Genocide
– Poor Climate
– Criminal Escapees
– Famine, Drought
Why was the United States the most popular
destination for Immigrants from 1865-1920?
(Pull Causes)
• Plentiful land at relatively cheap
prices
• An abundance of jobs, many not
requiring specific skills
• Religious and political freedoms
• No wars
• Lower tax rates
• Education opportunities
• Medical treatment
Where did Immigrants enter the
United States?
• Major port cities of entry for
immigrants included:
–New York (70% of all
immigrants)
–Boston
–Philadelphia
–Baltimore
–San Francisco
–Seattle
Ellis Island, NY
Angel Island, California
Where did Immigrants go once they
entered the United States?
• Many immigrants settled in
their port of entry. Cities such
as New York, Boston,
Philadelphia, and San
Francisco had high proportions
of immigrant residents. Jobs,
housing, opportunities were
readily available.
• Many immigrants settled in areas
closest to their homelands, such
as the Chinese in California,
Central and South Americans and
Caribbean Islands in Florida,
Mexicans in Texas. Based on
geographic closeness, similar
climates, and those who came
before had provided a safe haven
for new immigrants.
• Many immigrants would move to parts
of the country that offered jobs similar
to those they had in their homelands.
– Many Polish immigrants to the Great
Lakes region and the mid-west for
farming and dairy
– Many Jews to major cities to open small
shops and get involved in the banking
industry
– Many Germans to places like Detroit and
Chicago to take part in the industrial
markets
– Only 2% of all immigrants settled in
Southern cities due to the lack of job
opportunities
• Within cities, many immigrants
would move into particular
neighborhoods where one ethnic
or racial group dominated (ghetto).
“Chinatown” or “Little Italy”. Often
times there were identifiable street
and landmark borders.
Sometimes this was by choice of
those who lived there, sometimes
by force through fear or
intimidation by other groups.
Limiting Immigration
Why would the government limit the
amount of immigrants coming into the
United States?
• Racism and Prejudices
• Economics
– Did Immigrants lower wages, drive
property values down, and were illegals
an expense on tax payers? Did they
take all of the menial jobs, take too
many of the good jobs, etc.?
• War
• Overpopulation
How does the
United States limit
Immigration?
How do you limit the amount
of immigrants coming into a
country?
• Quotas - the share or
proportion assigned to each
in a division or to each
member of a body
• Exclusions - to prevent or
restrict the entrance of
• Quotas were used to either limit
to overall flow of immigrants into
the US, or to put specific limits on
the amount of people from a
particular country or region of the
world
• Exclusions were used to prohibit
specific groups from immigrating
to the US entirely
Example of a Quota
• Immigration Act of 1924 – the 1890
US Census totaled the amount of
immigrants in the US, and then
restricted immigration to 2% of each
individual group’s total
– IE. There were 200,000 Italian
immigrants in the US in 1890. Only
4,000 Italians were allowed entry each
year thereafter.
Examples of Exclusions
• In 1875, Congress banned criminals
and prostitutes from entering the US
• In 1882, “idiots” and “lunatics” and
those “at risk” for becoming a public
problem were banned from entering
the US
• In 1891, “paupers”, “polygamists” and
the “diseased” were banned from
entering the US
Examples of Exclusions
• Chinese Exclusion Act – pressured by US
labor unions, the US Congress prohibited
Chinese workers from entering the US. It
was instituted from 1882 to 1902, and then
became a permanent ban until 1943.
From 1943 to 1965, only 105 Chinese
immigrants were allowed per year.
• Webb Alien Land Law – in 1913, California
banned non-citizen Asians from owning
farmland
Should We Build a Wall at the
Border?