Transcript will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by

The Organization of American States (OAS)
The United Nations
Monroe Doctrine
• First, it conveys that European
countries cannot colonize in any of
the Americas: North, Central, or
South.
• Second, it enforces Washington's
rule of foreign policy, in which the
U.S. will only be involved in
European affairs if America's rights
are disturbed.
• Finally, the U.S. will consider any
attempt at colonization a threat to
its national security.
• In January 2005, a
revolution in Haiti
deposed the dictator,
Duvalier.
• With Haiti in chaos,
the United States
intervened to bring
peace to the country.
• What was the
justification of the U.S
for this action?
Roosevelt Corollary
• The Roosevelt Corollary was
Theodore Roosevelt’s
amendment to the Monroe
Doctrine.
• The Corollary warranted
American authority over this in
the region. Simply it was to
protect the security in Panama,
where its was building a canal,
from the overpowering
European nations.
• The U.S. wanted their
interests to be completely out
of harms way. As Roosevelt
stated; “Chronic wrongdoing
would cause the United States
to exercise an international
police power in Latin America”.
The Organization of American States (OAS)
• Includes United States and most
countries South America.
• Forms an alliance to protect the
countries in the Western Hemisphere.
OAS- Bio
• Established April 30,
1948
• Members include
Thirty Five
Independent
American Countries
• Headquarters in
Washington, D.C.
Goals of OAS
Headquarters in Washington DC
• To strengthen the peace
and security of the
continent.
• To promote
representative
democracy.
• To prevent and settle
disputes between
countries.
• To form an alliance for
protection between
countries.
Goals of the OAS (continued)
• To settle trade disputes
• To promote economic and cultural
development.
• To eradicate extreme poverty
• To limit arms build-up
The OAS
OAS Nations
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Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba*
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Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Mexico
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Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
OAS Nations (Continued)
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Barbados (member since 1967)
Trinidad and Tobago (1967)
Jamaica (1969)
Grenada (1975)
Suriname (1977)
Dominica (1979)
Saint Lucia (1979)
Antigua and Barbuda (1981)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1981)
Bahamas (1982)
Saint Kitts and Nevis (1984)
Canada (1990)
Belize (1991)
Guyana (1991)
Cuba and the OAS
Cuba is currently
excluded from the
OAS due to its
Communist
government.
(remember
Containment?)
The United Nations
Flag
History of the United Nations
League of Nations
• When the League of
Nations was formed after
WW I, the U.S refused to
join.
• Without the U.S, the
League was very weak.
• The League was unable
to prevent Hitler’s
imperialism.
• This led to WW II.
Establishment of the United
Nations
• The United Nations
was founded by the
United Nations
Charter October 24,
1945
• 51 nations signed the
Charter
• The United States
was the first to sign
The Six Main Parts Of the UN
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General Assembly,
Security Council,
Economic and Social Council,
Trusteeship Council
Secretariat — are based at UN
Headquarters in New York.
• International Court of Justice, is
located at The Hague in the
Netherlands.
The General Assembly
• All UN Member States are represented in the
General Assembly — also known as "parliament of
nations” or “the town hall meeting of the world”
• Meets once a year, usually begun in September
and lasting until December at the headquarters in
New York
• Each Member State has one vote.
• Decisions on such key issues as international
peace and security, admitting new members and
the UN budget are decided by two-thirds
majority. Other matters are decided by simple
majority.
The Security Council
• Responsible for maintaining international peace and
security.
• There are 15 Council members. Five of these — China,
France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom
and the United States — are permanent members. The
other 10 are elected by the General Assembly for
two-year terms.
• Decisions of the Council require nine yes
votes. Except in votes on procedural questions,
a decision cannot be taken if there is a no
vote, or veto, by a permanent member.
The Security Council (continued)
• The Council can take
measures to enforce its
decisions. It can impose
economic sanctions or
order an arms embargo.
On rare occasions, the
Council has authorized
Member States to use
"all necessary means,"
including collective
military action, to see
that its decisions are
carried out.
Measures taken by the Security
Council
• Economic sanctions- nations who are a
member of the U.N. will stop trading with a
country until they change a certain policy.
• Arms Embargo- Stop exchanging military
intelligence or weapons to nations who are
going against the UN charter
The Secretariat
• The Secretariat carries
out the administrative
work of the United
Nations as directed by
the General Assembly,
the Security Council and
any other organs.
• The Secretariat consists
of departments and
offices with a total staff
of some 7,500 under the
regular budget, and a
nearly equal number under
special funding. They are
drawn from some 170
The International Court of Justice
• The International Court of
Justice, also known as the World
Court, is the main judicial organ
of the UN. Consisting of 15
judges elected jointly by the
General Assembly and the
Security Council, the Court
decides disputes between
countries.
• Participation by States in a
proceeding is voluntary, but if a
State agrees to participate, it is
obligated to comply with the
Court's decision.
NATO
• The core of NATO is Article V of the NATO
Treaty, which states:
– The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more
of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an
attack against them all. Consequently they agree that, if such
an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the
right of individual or collective self-defence recognised by
Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist
the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith,
individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action
as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to
restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.
Basically A huge Alliance between
Europe and North America!!
NATO
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• A military alliance between the U.S.,
Canada, and Europe
• It was created to stop the spread of
communism in Europe and North America
• Provides a common defense
Map of NATO countries
Membership of NATO in Europe
Wrap-up Activity
• What is the purpose of each organization
discussed today? (OAS, UN, NATO)
• Write a summary statement for each.
Answers need to include specific details!
• How are they different? How are they
similar?