Transcript Harper-385_ppt

Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty – 2014
Integrating Land Governance into the Post2015 Agenda
Managing Mapping and Survey Records in a
Future Digital World
Ian Harper
Geodata Australia
(c) Geodata Australia
OUTLINE
1. Digital Land Administration
2. Digital Efficiencies
3. The Technology Transitions
I. Manual to Digital
II. Mapping to Survey
4. Systems for the Future
Future Digital Efficiencies
Technology is providing greater capabilities in:
• Measurement tools – GNSS, Scanning, Lidar,
terrestrial and aerial imagery, Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAV) or drones.
• Computing
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Computations
Data Storage
Automating existing manual processes
The Technology Transitions
1) Manual (and other) records & processes to Digital
records and processes
2) Mapping technologies to Survey technologies
The Technology Transitions – Manual to Digital
Agreements between Owners
• Identifying agreed boundary locations with
physical structures that can be then surveyed &
recorded – allows accurate reinstatement at any
time
•
Approximate location identified on imagery –
aerial or terrestrial. Useful for limited resources
but reinstatement may face dispute.
The Technology Transitions – Manual to Digital
Indicative Maps of ownership:
• Scanning of boundary layout – provides digital
representation for administration purposes –
Similar options to previous agreements:
• Link to aerial photography to enhance location
accuracy
• Field survey to locate monuments or identifiable
boundaries
The Technology Transitions – Manual to Digital
Survey Records:
• Historical survey records represented the
relationships between adjoining properties.
• Used for accurate local boundary determinations
on the ground.
• They were not relevant to large databases
The Technology Transitions – Manual to Digital
Manual Processes
Digital Processes
Mapping Outcomes
Survey Outcomes
(not considered)
Survey Records
Traditional survey computations
involving small groups of plans
Mapping database
Digitised
Mapping Records
No Tenure Records
Imagery / Survey
Initial digital
databases had little
survey input
The Technology Transitions – Mapping to Survey
When the spatial quality of a Land Administration
Database is not meeting the business needs of
any jurisdiction, consideration needs to be given
to moving to a Survey Database (SD) structure.
Once the SD structure is in place analysis of the
needs of the jurisdiction will provide guidelines
to a strategy of spatial upgrading as needs and
budgets provide.
The Technology Transitions – Mapping to Survey
CREATING A SURVEY DATABASE
From Survey Records
Cadastral Survey records are the underlying data
source but require significant understanding and
computational manipulation. This has been
automated in the SURVEY DATABASE technology.
From Mapping Databases
Migrates a mapping database to an initial survey
database by reverse engineering to generate survey
dimensions – Cost effective starting option.
Systems For the Future
Survey Database Technology:
• Provides the capability to generate a survey database
from the survey measurement information on the survey
records and retain those measurements.
•
Because they provide spatial relationships, any type of
measurements can be utilised:
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•
Compass & pacing
Theodolite & chain
Electronic survey equipment
GPS
They do not ‘fit’ easily into a structured digital
environment.
The Technology Transitions – Survey Records
Survey plan completed in 1833.
The land has been owned by
the same family since that
time.
No new survey plans of the
property have been done.
New surveys between the
survey pegs at the corner
show the real distance on the
ground is 6m different from
that shown on the old plan.
2414 m by 1833 survey plan.
2420 m measured by new survey
The Technology Transitions – Mapping to Survey
Manual Processes
Digital Processes
Survey Outcomes
Survey Database
Technology
Location Accuracy
Survey Records
Mapping Outcomes
Traditional survey
computations
Digitised
Mapping database
Mapping Records
Imagery / survey
No Tenure Records
Database management efficiencies but with greater costs
Systems For the Future
BUSINESS MODEL
Linking Local Resources with State Digital Infrastructure.
Spatial Data Source
(new & historical)
Spatial Management
of Data
Maps
Survey Database
Management
Surveys
State
Survey Database
Local
Maps
Surveys
Spatial Administration of
Tenure
ESRI PARCEL EDITOR
/ GEODATABASE
Data Collection, Compilation
and management
GEOCADASTRE
(XML data file)
Same Data Structure
Same Workflows
COTS survey database solution at local level that is scalable to a State level.
Systems For the Future
THE SURVEY DATABASE SOLUTION
The stages of the process are:
1. Entering the dimensions of survey parcels from the
record documents or new survey data.
2. Joining the parcels into a fabric with no overlaps or
gaps
3. Adjusting the database with weighting applied to all
measurements
The process can be rigorous and provides validation tools
at all stages as data and needs apply. These stages can be
assigned to different levels of experience.
Systems For the Future
LOCAL SURVEY DATABASE SOLUTION – OUTCOMES
Stand-alone software solution capable of being used in the field or
remote locations.
Basic workflows in data collection & compilation. Limited rigorous
processes required at local level.
Local Authorities micro managing the data that feeds into a macro
state tenure system.
Ability to set up local data management systems that have the
capacity to feed into a state system that still may be in its formative
stages.
Systems For the Future
LOCAL SURVEY DATABASE OUTCOMES – SOCIAL
• A greater sense of ownership and pride in the data.
• Easier to resolve conflicts at a local level (maybe)
• Employment - significant local resources can be
applied in lieu of higher technology solutions.
• Skilling local resources in basic measurement and
computations
Systems For the Future
THE SURVEY DATABASE SOLUTION
The Survey Database Solution at a State level is available
around the world in the ESRI ArcGIS enterprise system.
The GeoCadastre local solution is used in Australia by
many local government and utilities to manage their local
cadastral survey databases. Several States in Australia
also use the process as a data compilation tool to feed
historical survey plan data into their Spatial Data
Infrastructure.
Systems For the Future
e-GOVERNMENT
In Australia the technology is being utilised as part of the
automation of the lodgement and quality examination of
digital survey plan files creating new titles, introducing
recognisable e-government efficiencies.
This type of overall electronic automation of workflows is
initially not relevant to developing land administrations
but if the survey database technology is in place,
efficiencies can be invoked as capabilities expand.
Systems For the Future
The issues with accuracy :
• A reasonable cost - can be amortised by increased
efficiencies
• Implementation strategies - Governance
• A high level of detail required across a significant
dataset
• Stakeholder perceptions and expectations
Future Digital Efficiencies
Courtesy-Tony Sleigh-Emergency Information Coordination Unit -Department of Lands NSW
The Link to Survey Records
Those legal records are an integral part of defining
tenure boundaries, irrespective of their spatial
quality and the more the digital database reflects
the intent of those historical records, the stronger
the economic & social stability.
Future Digital Efficiencies
Technology has now provided rigorous tools that
may not be relevant to the basic spatial
representation of tenure systems but manages
them in a basic environment that allows
consideration of the long term outcomes.
THANK YOU
Ian HARPER – GEODATA AUSTRALIA
[email protected].