Transcript slavery and western extension

Key terms for today
• Popular Sovereignty= citizens of a new territory should
be allowed to decide for themselves if they want slavery
or not.
• Fugitive Slave Act = created active hostility toward
slavery among many northerners who were indifferent
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin = Harriet Beecher Stowe portrayed
slaves as real people imprisoned in dreadful
circumstances.
• Republican Party = Party formed to oppose the spread of
slavery in new territories.
• Dred Scott= sued for his freedom and lost
• John Brown = attacked weapons arsenal in Harpers
Ferry in order to lead a slave uprising
WARM UP FOR 9/18
• CHOOSE 1 OR 2…..
• WHAT WERE SOME OF THE CAUSES FOR THE TEXAS WAR
FOR INDEPENDENCE?
• WHAT WERE SOME OF THE MILITARY CONTRIBUTIONS OF
THE SOLDIERS DEFENDING THE ALAMO DURING THE TEXAS
WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE?
• HOW WAS THE TEXAN ARMY ABLE TO DEFEAT THE MEXICAN
ARMY?
• WHAT WERE SOME OF THE REASONS THE UNITED STATES
DECLARED WAR ON MEXICO.
• SUMMARIZE THE PROVISIONS OF THE TREATY OF
GUADALUPE HIDALGO.
• WHAT NEW PROBLEM DID THE ADDITION OF TERRITORIES
CAUSE FOR THE UNITED STATES?
SLAVERY AND WESTERN
EXTENSION
SETTING THE STAGE
• THE SPREAD OF SLAVERY INTO NEW
TERRITORY BECAME THE
OVERRIDING POLITICAL ISSUE OF THE
1850’S. ADMITTING NEW SLAVE
STATES OR NEW FREE STATES
WOULD UPSET THE BALANCE
BETWEEN NORTHERN AND
SOUTHERN STATES IN THE NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT.
THE SEARCH FOR
COMPROMISE
• THE MEXICAN WAR GREATLY INCREASED SECTIONAL
TENSIONS = SHOULD NEW STATES BE SLAVE OR FREE?
THE WILMOT PROVISO (1846)
• NO SLAVERY IN ANY NEW TERRITORY
• SOUTH = ANY ANTI SLAVERY DECISION THREATENS
SLAVERY EVERYWHERE
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
• MODERATES BELIEVED EACH NEW TERRITORY SHOULD BE
ALLOWED TO DECIDE IF SLAVE OR FREE
• SEEMED DEMOCRATIC, GETS ISSUE OUT OF NATL POLITICS
THE GREAT DEBATE BEGINS
• (49’ERS = CALIFORNIA ….SOUTH FEARED LOSS OF POLITICAL
POWER, SOME TALK OF SECESSION
• HENRY CLAY OF KENTUCKY = “GREAT COMPROMISER” =
TRIES TO SAVE THE UNION!
THE COMPROMISE OF 1850
• CALLED “FINAL SETTLEMENT BETWEEN NORTH AND
SOUTH”?????
• CALIFORNIA ADMITTED AS A FREE STATE
• REST OF TERRITORY TAKEN FROM MEXICO = POPULAR SOV.
• OUTLAWED SLAVE TRADE IN DC, BUT DID NO OUTLAW
SLAVERY
• CONGRESS WOULD NOT INTERFERE W/ SLAVE TRADE AND
WOULD PASS FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT
THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT
• ACTUALLY HURT SOUTH BY CREATING HOSTILITY TOWARD
SLAVERY IN NORTH
NORTHERN RESISTANCE GROWS
• ORDINARY CITIZENS FORCES TO HELP CAPTURE RUNAWAYS
• INDIFFERENCE OVER ISSUE OF SLAVERY BECOMES ANGER
THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
• WELL ORGANIZED SYSTEM BECAME LEGENDARY
• HARRIETT TUBMAN MOST FAMOUS “CONDUCTOR”
• CAUSED FURTHER DISTRUST B/W SOUTH AND NORTH
UNCLE TOM’S CABIN
• BOOK BY HARRIETT BEECHER STOWE HAD PROFOUND
IMPACT OF THE NORTHERN PERCEPTION OF SLAVERY
• PORTRAYED SLAVES AS REAL PEOPLE IN TRAGIC
CIRCUMSTANCES
• SOUTH OUTRAGED, CONSIDERED BY MANY AS A CAUSE OF
THE CIVIL WAR
• Lincoln: “So you’re the little lady that started the great big war”
THE KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT
• KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT OF 1854 ESSENTIALLY REPEALS
MISSOURI COMPROMISE
• ALLOWED POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY TO SOLVE ISSUE OF
SLAVERY
BLEEDING KANSAS
• BATTLEGROUND BETWEEN PRO SLAVERY FORCES FROM
MISSOURI VS. ANTI-SLAVERY FORCES FROM NORTH
• LECOMPTON = SLAVE CAPITAL
• TOPEKA = ANTI-SLAVE CAPITAL
• BY END OF 1856 200 DIED
THE CANING OF CHARLES SUMNER
• PRESTON BROOKES OF SOUTH CAROLINA SEVERLY BEATS
ABOLITIONIST CHARLES SUMNER IN THE SENATE CHAMBER
• 293
THE CRISIS DEEPENS
• ANGER OVER THE KANSASNEBRASKA ACT LED TO
THE FORMATION OF THE
REPUBLICAN PARTY
• REPUBLICANS AGREED
SLAVERY SHOULD BE LEFT
OUT OF NEW TERRITORIES
• DRED SCOTT DECISION
FURTHER INTENSIFIES
DEBATE = EFFECTIVLEY
ALLOWED SLAVERY
ANYWHERE!!
THE EMERGENCE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN
• IN 1858 ILLINOIS
REPUBLICANS CHOSE
ABRAHAM LINCOLN TO RUN
AGAINST STEPHEN
DOUGLAS FOR SENATE.
• LINCOLN-DOUGLAS
DEBATES WOULD EARN
LINCOLN NOTORIETY.
• LINCOLN = NOT AN
ABOLITIONIST BUT
BELIEVED SLAVERY
MORRALLY WRONG
• DOUGLAS = POPULAR
SOVERIEGNTY
JOHN BROWN’S RAID
• ON OCT. 16TH, 1859, JOHN
BROWN AND 18
FOLLOWERS SEIZED A
WEAPONS ARSENAL IN
HARPERS FERRY.
• PLAN WAS TO ARM SLAVES
AND LEAD REVOLT
• JOHN BROWN CATPURED
AND EXECUTED-PG 301
• SOUTHERNERS VIEW HIM
AS TERRORIST
• NORTHERNERS VIEW HIM
AS MARTYR
REFLECTION
• SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORKDS WHAT YOU HAVE
LEARNED TODAY……..
• WHAT IS THE HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE WILMOT
PROVISO?
• WHY DID MOST MODERATES FAVOR POPULAR
SOVEREIGNTY IN REGARD TO THE ISSUE OF SLAVERY?
• SUMMARIZE THE PROVISIONS OF THE COMPROMISE OF
1850.
• HOW DID THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT ACTUALLY HURT THE
SOUTH?
• HOW COULD UNCLE TOMS CABIN BE CONSIDERED A CAUSE
OF THE CIVIL WAR?
• HOW DID THE DRED SCOTT DECISION FURTHER INTESIFY
THE DEBATE OVER SLAVERY?
• HOW DO REACTIONS OF JOHN BROWNS RAID SHOW
INTENSE SECTIONALISM?