Transcript What did Texans ask for at the Convention of 1833?

Lone Star: The Story of Texas
Chapter 6
Steps Toward
Revolution: 1827 - 1836
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Lone Star: The Story of Texas
Chapter 6: Steps Toward Revolution: 1827 - 1836
Section 1:
Cultural Differences in Colonial Texas
Section 2:
Mexico Imposes its Authority
Section 3:
The Texas Settlers Resist
Section 4:
Texans Fights for Reform
Section 5:
From Reform to Independence
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Cultural Differences in Colonial Texas
Chapter 6, Section 1
Warm-up 10/24
• What was the relationship between Mexico
and the United States in the 1820s?
• What ideas about government did settlers
from the United States bring to Texas?
• Did settlers in Texas think of themselves
as part of Mexico?
Vocabulary
• Minister
• Civilians
• Self
government
• Patriot
• Garrisons
• Resolution
• Constitution
• Reform
• Federal System
• Central
Government
• Delegates
• Ayuntamiento
• Committees of
Correspondence
Distrust Between Mexico and the United States
Chapter 6, Section 1
Mexican Fears
• The population of the
United States was
growing fast.
• The United States was a
rising power.
• Mexico feared that the
United States wanted to
control Texas.
United States Actions
• In 1819, the United
States dropped its claims
to Texas.
• Then, in 1825 the U.S.
minister to Texas
negotiated to buy Texas
from Mexico.
Minister - a person sent
to another country to
represent his or her
government
Different Views
Chapter 6, Section 1
•
•
•
•
•
The American View
Civilians, not military
leaders, should rule.
People should be free to
choose their own religion.
Government should not
favor any religion.
Self-government - people
should take an active role
in making laws and
decisions.
Slavery should be allowed.
The Mexican View
• The military should run the
country.
• The Catholic Church
should take a strong role
in Mexico’s government
and society.
• Slavery should not be
allowed.
Civilians - people who are
not in the armed forces
Settlers Practice Independence
Chapter 6, Section 1
• Settlers in Texas had to become Mexican citizens
and convert to Catholicism. Many settlers made
the required oaths, but few actually followed up
on their meanings.
• Settlers had little contact with the Mexican
government or Mexican leaders. They did not
think of themselves as Mexicans because they
brought their American culture and practices with
them. Life in Texas was very similar to life in the
United States in many ways.
Cultural Differences in Colonial Texas - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 1
American settlers believed that ______should rule the country.
(A) military leaders
(B) civilians
(C) Catholics
(D) rebels
Why were Mexicans insulted when the United States wanted to settle
Texas?
(A) They thought the United States was an inferior country.
(B) They thought the United States would try to take over Mexico.
(C) They were insulted that Americans thought they could succeed
where Mexico had failed.
(D) They were not insulted at all.
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Cultural Differences in Colonial Texas - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 1
American settlers believed that ______should rule the country.
(A) military leaders
(B) civilians
(C) Catholics
(D) rebels
Why were Mexicans insulted when the United States wanted to settle
Texas?
(A) They thought the United States was an inferior country.
(B) They thought the United States would try to take over Mexico.
(C) They were insulted that Americans thought they could succeed
where Mexico had failed.
(D) They were not insulted at all.
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Mexico Imposes Its Authority
Chapter 6, Section 2
• How did Mexico react to the events of the
Fredonian rebellion?
• How did Mexico address its concerns
about Texas?
• What events affected the relationship
between Texas and Mexico?
Mexico’s Reaction
Chapter 6, Section 2
Leaders in Mexico viewed the Fredonian rebellion as part of a plot to
take over Texas. They sent a patriot, General Don Manuel de Mier y
Terán, to report on the situation in Texas.
Mier y Terán reported that “foreign” settlers were arriving daily. He
warned that Texas’s lack of regard for the Mexican government “could
throw the whole nation into revolution.”
Mier y Terán’s Recommendations
• Send more Mexican troops to Texas.
• Send more Mexican and European settlers to Texas.
• Increase Mexico’s trade with Texas.
Patriot - a person who holds a deep love for his country
Mexico Works to Maintain Control Over Texas
Chapter 6, Section 2
Mexico’s Efforts
to Keep Control
Over Texas
Send Mexican
and European
settlers to Texas
Increase Trade
with Texas
Stop immigration
End Slavery
Collect taxes
Pass antiimmigration laws
Mexico Imposes Its Authority - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 2
What is a garrison?
(A) A warehouse
(B) A prison
(C) A supply post
(D) A military post
Why did Mexico ban slavery in Texas?
(A) To keep Mexican slaves from moving there
(B) To preserve the rights of African Americans
(C) To discourage Americans from moving to Texas
(D) To make Texas fair for all its citizens
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Mexico Imposes Its Authority - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 2
What is a garrison?
(A) A warehouse
(B) A prison
(C) A supply post
(D) A military post
Why did Mexico ban slavery in Texas?
(A) To keep Mexican slaves from moving there
(B) To preserve the rights of African Americans
(C) To discourage Americans from moving to Texas
(D) To make Texas fair for all its citizens
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The Texas Settlers Resist
Chapter 6, Section 3
• Why were settlers unhappy with the
Mexican government?
• What did Texans do about their
disagreements with Colonel Juan Davis
Bradburn?
• Where did Texas settlers win their first
battle against the Mexicans?
Unrest Among the Texas Settlers
Chapter 6, Section 3
• Texas settlers wanted Mexico to follow its own constitution.
The settlers refused to follow Mexico’s rules until Mexican
leaders did the same.
• To protest the Law of April 6, 1830, the governor of
Coahuila y Tejas, the Mexican state that Texas was part of,
offered new land grants to American settlers. The new
settlement formed from the land grants was named Liberty.
• The Mexican government declared the land grants illegal. It
ordered Captain Juan Davis Bradburn to arrest the officials
who offered the land grants and abolish Liberty.
Constitution - a plan of government that describes the
different parts of the government and their duties and
powers.
Trouble at Anahuac
Chapter 6, Section 3
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•
Prior to his appearance at Liberty, Bradburn had forced
settlers at Anahuac to give him supplies and slaves for his
fort. Although his actions were legal under Mexican law, the
settlers opposed his abuse of power.
A group of settlers banded together to attack Bradburn’s
garrison. While preparing for battle, they wrote the Turtle
Bayou Resolutions. These resolutions became the first
organized protest against Mexico.
Colonel José de las Piedras was the leader of the
Nacogdoches garrison. He negotiated with the settlers to
avoid battle. Bradburn was replaced, and a fight was avoided.
Resolution - a formal act or decision agreed to by a group of
people
Bloodshed at Velasco
Chapter 6, Section 3
John Austin prepared to ship cannons
down the Brazos River to be used in an
attack on Anahuac.
The Mexican fort at Velasco ordered the
Texans to stop. They refused, and fired on
the fort instead.
Another group attacked the fort from the
ground.
The Mexicans ran out of ammunition and
surrendered.
Texas settlers won their first battle in what
would become the Texas Revolution.
The Texas Settlers Resist - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 3
Who arrested the land officials at Liberty and abolished the town?
(A) General Mier y Terán
(B) Juan Davis Bradburn
(C) John Austin
(D) Colonel José de las Piedras
The Turtle Bay Resolutions were__________
(A) a list of land grants given out by the governor of Coahuila.
(B) part of the Mexican constitution.
(C) part of the United States Constitution.
(D) the first organized protest against Mexico.
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The Texas Settlers Resist - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 3
Who arrested the land officials at Liberty and abolished the town?
(A) General Mier y Terán
(B) Juan Davis Bradburn
(C) John Austin
(D) Colonel José de las Piedras
The Turtle Bay Resolutions were__________
(A) a list of land grants given out by the governor of Coahuila.
(B) part of the Mexican constitution.
(C) part of the United States Constitution.
(D) the first organized protest against Mexico.
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Texans Fight for Reform
Chapter 6, Section 4
• What two major parties battled for power
in Mexico in the late 1820s and early
1830s?
• Who led the Convention of 1832?
• What did Texans ask for at the Convention
of 1833?
Political Fighting in Mexico
Chapter 6, Section 4
Federalists
Most liberals in Mexico
favored a federal system of
government.
Under the federal system,
individual states form a
national government.
The individual states hold
most of the power.
Most Texans sided with the
Federalists.
Centralists
Centralists favored a strong
central government that
would hold most of the
power.
Under a central
government, individual
states have little power.
The Centralists passed the
Law of April 6, 1830, which
placed power in the hands
of a few leaders.
The Convention of 1832
Chapter 6, Section 4
• Texas settlers pledged their loyalty to Santa Anna, the
leader of the Federalists. They hoped he would win the civil
war in Mexico.
• In 1832, Texas delegates met at San Felipe de Austin. They
wanted Texas to become a separate Mexican state. They
also wanted immigration from the United States to resume.
• Under Mexican law, the Convention of 1832 was not a legal
meeting. The governor of the department of Texas refused
to forward the Texas delegates’ requests to the Mexican
government.
Delegate - a person who is chosen to speak for a group
The Convention of 1833
Chapter 6, Section 4
Santa Anna’s victory in Mexico’s civil war prompted Texas
delegates to hold another convention. Delegates requested:
• better mail service
• improved defense against Native American raids
• reform of the courts
• the right to use English in business and law
• an end to the immigration ban
• more money for schools
• that Texas become a separate Mexican state
A committee headed by Sam Houston drafted a state
constitution for Stephen F. Austin to deliver to Mexican
officials.
Texans Fight for Reform - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 4
Under a federal government system, who holds most of the power?
(A) The national government
(B) Individual states
(C) Religious leaders
(D) Military leaders
Under a central government system, who holds most of the power?
(A) The national government
(B) Individual states
(C) Religious leaders
(D) Military leaders
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Texans Fight for Reform - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 4
Under a federal government system, who holds most of the power?
(A) The national government
(B) Individual states
(C) Religious leaders
(D) Military leaders
Under a central government system, who holds most of the power?
(A) The national government
(B) Individual states
(C) Religious leaders
(D) Military leaders
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From Reform to Independence
Chapter 6, Section 5
• What did Stephen F. Austin do in Mexico
City in 1833?
• Why was Austin imprisoned?
• How did people in Texas react to Santa
Anna’s changes?
• What caused relations with Mexico to
worsen in 1835?
Austin in Mexico City
Chapter 6, Section 5
Austin and Farías
Austin presented the requests of
the Convention of 1833 to
Valentín Gómez Farías.
Austin and Santa Anna
Next, Austin met with Santa
Anna, who welcomed most of the
delegates’ suggestions.
Austin warned Farías that
Mexico’s failure to act on the
requests could lead Texans to
take action.
Santa Anna agreed to end the
ban on immigration to Texas, but
refused to support separate
statehood for Texas.
Austin then sent a letter to the
ayuntamiento, asking them to set
up a state government for Texas.
Ayuntamiento - local city
government
Austin Imprisoned
Chapter 6, Section 5
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•
Mexican officials thought Austin was threatening them. They
arrested and imprisoned him. Texas settlers remained calm,
fearing that any trouble might endanger Austin’s safety.
Mexican leaders ended the ban on immigration from the United
States and increased the number of local courts. These
federalist acts gave settlers more self-government.
The Catholic Church and the military opposed the new
Federalist government. Santa Anna now changed sides. He
reversed the federalist policies, and dissolved each Mexican
state legislature. He placed the states under military rule and
created a Centralist Mexico.
Legislature - the government body that makes law
Reaction in Texas
Chapter 6, Section 5
Anahuac Again
• Settlers had a minor dispute
with the Anahuac garrison
over taxes.
• In response, General Cós
moved to bring in more
Mexican troops.
• His actions angered a group of
settlers, led by William Travis,
who then attacked and
captured the fort.
• Many Texans felt Travis had
acted rashly, and promised to
remain loyal. Cós was
unconvinced. He arrested
many leading Texans.
The Move Toward War
• Many Texans opposed the
arrests. They stated that
people had a right to a trial by
a jury of their peers, not by the
military. Cós prepared to send
troops into Texas. He believed
that war was on the way.
Relations With Mexico Worsen
Chapter 6, Section 5
As tensions between Texas settlers and Mexican
leaders increased, settlers created local groups to
keep people informed. These committees
addressed issues of safety and correspondence.
Representatives from Texas towns met on
November 3, 1835, at a meeting to discuss their
next move. This meeting was called the
Consultation.
At the Consultation, Austin made it clear: Texas
had no choice but to go to war.
From Reform to Independence - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 5
How did Texans respond to Travis’s takeover of Anahuac?
(A) Many settlers applauded his work and offered their support.
(B) Many Texans joined the Mexican army in response.
(C) Texas leaders asked Mexican officials to arrest him.
(D) Many settlers felt that Travis had acted recklessly.
What was the purpose of the committees of safety and correspondence?
(A) To oversee communication between the Texas and Mexican
leaders
(B) To keep Texans informed on the situation between Texas and
Mexico
(C) To ensure that frontier settlers were safe from attack
(D) To negotiate treaties between settlers and Native Americans
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From Reform to Independence - Assessment
Chapter 6, Section 5
How did Texans respond to Travis’s takeover of Anahuac?
(A) Many settlers applauded his work and offered their support.
(B) Many Texans joined the Mexican army in response.
(C) Texas leaders asked Mexican officials to arrest him.
(D) Many settlers felt that Travis had acted recklessly.
What was the purpose of the committees of safety and correspondence?
(A) To oversee communication between the Texas and Mexican
leaders
(B) To keep Texans informed on the situation between Texas and
Mexico
(C) To ensure that frontier settlers were safe from attack
(D) To negotiate treaties between settlers and Native Americans
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