Transcript Antebellum Slavery by DMRB

Slavery in Antebellum America
By Rosie B. and Deirdre M.
"I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. . .
. I am in earnest -- I will not equivocate -- I will not excuse -- I
will not retreat a single inch -- AND I WILL BE HEARD.“
-William Lloyd Garrison of The Liberator
Abolitionism
• Quakers
• Gradualism & Immediate
emancipation
• Underground railroad
• Opposition for economic reasons
Missouri Compromise (1820 1821)
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The Missouri Compromise consisted of measures passed by the U.S. Congress to
end the first of a series of crises concerning the extension of slavery.
It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30’
north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri.
Prior to the agreement, the House of Representatives had refused to accept this
compromise and a conference committee was appointed. The United States Senate
refused to concur in the amendment, and the whole measure was lost.
American Antislavery Society
• Founded in 1833 by Theodore Weld,
Arthur Tappan, and Lewis Tappan
• Lectures on the brutality and immorality of
slavery
• Mix of black and white members
• Preached immediate emancipation
• Leadership passed to William Lloyd
Garrison in 1840
• Split because of Garrison’s radical views
Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 –
January 8, 1825)
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Eli Whitney was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin.
The cotton gin was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped
the economy of the antebellum South.
Whitney's invention made short staple cotton into a profitable crop, which strengthened
the economic foundation of slavery.
King Cotton was a phrase frequently used by Southern politicians and authors prior to
the American Civil War, indicating the economic and political importance of cotton
production.
Whitney also saw the potential benefit of developing interchangeable parts for the
firearms of the United States military, and thus, around 1798, he built ten guns, all
containing the same exact parts and mechanisms, and disassembled them before the
United States Congress.
Tariff of 1828
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The Tariff of 1828, was a protective tariff passed by the
Congress of the United States on May 19, 1828 designed to
protect industry in the northern United States.
It was labeled the Tariff of Abominations by its southern
detractors because of the effects it had on the antebellum
Southern economy and led to the Nullification Crisis.
The Nullification Crisis was caused by South Carolina
wanting to protect their farming industry, which required slave
labor and caused the threat of succession in the South.
The Tariff of 1828 had been purposely drafted to make
Andrew Jackson appear as a free trade advocate in the South
and as a protectionist in the North.
Sojourner Truth
(1797-1883)
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Born Isabella Baumfree
in slavery and sold
several times
Escaped after being
double crossed by her
master
Very religious
The Narrative of
Sojourner Truth: A
Northern Slave
Ain’t I a woman
“Peculiar Institution”
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“Peculiar Institution” was a euphemism
for slavery and the economic ramifications
of it in the American South.
The meaning of "peculiar" in this
expression is "one's own", that is, referring
to something distinctive to or
characteristic of a particular place or
people.
It was in popular use during the first half
of the 19th century, especially in
Frederick Douglass (1818-1895)
• Escaped slave
• Mostly self taught
• Lectured for the Massachusetts
Antislavery society
• The North Star
• Worked for equal opportunity for all
Nat Turner and Denmark Vesey
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Nathaniel "Nat" Turner was an American slave who led
a slave rebellion in Virginia on August 21, 1831 that
resulted in fifty-six deaths among their victims, the
largest number of white fatalities to occur in one uprising
in the antebellum southern United States. Around 100
innocent slaves were killed in retaliation.
Denmark Vesey originally Telemaque, was an African
American slave brought to the United States from the
Caribbean. After purchasing his freedom, he planned
what would have been one of the largest slave rebellions
in the United States.
Gabriel Denmark Vesey and Nat Turner influenced the
Northern abolitionist movement by passing laws to
restrict the slave trade.
David Walker --- A
possible rebellion!?
• African – American
abolitionist
• Born free but saw
the injustices of
slavery
• Slaves should resort
to violence if
necessary
• Walker’s Appeal
• Pride and hope for
slaves
• Fear for planters
States’ Rights and Free
African Americans
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Secession was based on the idea of state rights (or "states
rights," a variant that came into use after the Civil War).
This exalted the powers of the individual states as opposed
to those of the Federal government. It generally rested on
the theory of state sovereignty, that in the United States the
ultimate source of political authority lay in the separate
states. Associated with the principle of state rights was a
sense of state loyalty that could prevail over a feeling of
national patriotism. Before the war, the principle found
expression in different ways at different times, in the North
as well as in the South. During the war it reappeared in the
Confederacy.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/US_
Slave_Free_1789-1861.gif
Harriet Tubman (1819-1913)
• Born Araminta Ross in slavery
• Escaped to Philadelphia in 1849
• Became a “conductor” on the
Underground Railroad
• Made 19 trips and never lost a
passenger
• Known by the slaves as “Moses”
Slave Codes
 Slave codes were laws
which each US state, or
colony, enacted which
defined the status of
slaves and the rights of
masters. Such codes
gave slave-owners
absolute power over
their human property.
William Lloyd
Garrison (1805-1879)
• Author of the famous abolitionist
newspaper, The Liberator
• "immediate and complete
emancipation of all slaves".
• $5000 offered in Georgia for his
arrest and conviction
• Supported women’s rights,
pacifism, and temperance, as well
• Stopped publishing The Liberator
after the Civil War
The American Colonization Society
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The American Colonization Society (in full,
The Society for the Colonization of Free
People of Color of America) was the primary
vehicle for proposals to return free African
Americans to what was considered greater
freedom in Africa. It helped to found the
colony of Liberia in 1821–22 as a place for
freedmen.
The Liberty Party
• Founded in 1840 by the branch of
the American antislavery society
who disagreed with Garrison
• Wanted to elect leaders who
shared their antislavery beliefs
• Was nonexistent by 1848
Work Cited
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All images from Google Images
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h333.html
http://countrystudies.us/united-states/history-50.htm
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2930.html
http://www.africawithin.com/bios/david_walker.htm
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASgarrison.htm
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=832&nm=American-AntiSlavery-Society
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/19269/American-Anti-SlaverySociety
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h477.html
http://www.frederickdouglass.org/douglass_bio.html
http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html
http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/trut-soj.htm
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASturner.htm
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=920
http://www.pinn.net/~sunshine/whm2000/grimke4.html
Work Cited
 http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0833427.html
 http://www.library.yale.edu/mssa/elms/18th.htm
 http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h268.html
 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/318402/King-Cotton
 http://www.ushistory.org/us/27.asp
 http://www.ushistory.org/us/27b.asp
 http://personal.denison.edu/~waite/liberia/history/acs.htm
 http://www.africawithin.com/bios/denmark_vesey.htm
 http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part3/3p1518.html
 http://www.civilwarhome.com/statesrights.htm