Transcript American Revolution - Galena Park Independent School District

1775 - 1781
13 colonies at war with Britain
to gain independence after
uprisings due to
• high taxes and
•mistreatment by the King.
America eventually
won war and gained
independence from
Britain.
First battles of the
American Revolution.
Lexington and Concord Battle
Massachusetts
minutemen fought the
British regulars who were
trying to destroy military
stores and arrest colonial
leaders.
Battle of Saratoga is
where colonists won and
convinced the French to
commit troops to the
American cause.
The American Revolution had
become an international
conflict.
The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the
war and helped the colonists win.
Marquis de
Lafayette was the
French office who
assisted the
Americans during
the American
Revolution.
☺Sight of British
defeat
☺Ended the
Revolutionary War
Treaty of Paris ended the
American Revolution.
Britain recognized the
United States as a new
nation.
The western border of the
United States was the
Mississippi River.
•First framework
for our government
•Created a loose confederacy of
sovereign states (a friendship)
Established a very
weak central
government.
The Articles of Confederation were
unsuccessful and the Constitution was
created in its place.
Established an orderly way for the
western territories to apply for
statehood.
Federalist Papers:
85 essays trying
to get states to
pass the new
Constitution
The Federalists were
successful!!!
Federalists:

Supporters of the Constitution

Wanted a strong federal government
 Large landowners, merchants, and farmers along the
river and coast.
•Opponents of the Constitution
•Strong states’ rights
•Western farmers and South
1736 - 1799
Governor of Virginia
Radical Revolutionary leader
Leading Antifederalist
who pushed for the Bill
of Rights to be added to
the Constitution
Famous quote:
“Give me liberty, or
give me death”
Date: 1755 -1804
Brilliant New York lawyer
and statesman
Framer of the Constitution
Established first bank of the
U.S. and the national credit
Strong Federalist
Helped write the
Federalist Papers
First Secretary of
Treasury under
George Washington
Date: 1787
Purpose:
Revise Articles of
Confederation then threw them
out
Great Compromise:
Three-Fifths Compromise:
House of Representatives
based on state population
and Senate – equal
representation
Every five enslaved people in a
state would count as three free
persons for determining both
representation and taxes.
Set up framework for
limited government and a
new Constitution was
created.
•Adoption of
the Constitution
•Framework for the U.S. Government
•Remains a model for representative
government
Created by the founding fathers
Revised for the Articles of
Confederation
Foundation for the government
used today
1732 - 1799
First President of the
United States
1793 Neutrality Proclamation:
Urging citizens to stay neutral
during the French Revolution
Jay’s Treaty:
Attempt to gain a
settlement of American
grievances against Great
Britain and avoid war
Pinckney’s Treaty:
Promoted positive
relations with Spain
Farewell Address:
“Steer clear of permanent alliances
with any portion of the foreign
World” this guided America’s foreign
policy for year
Purpose:
Allow future generations to
make changes to the
Constitution
Process:
Two Steps:
1. Proposal
2. Ratification
Proposal:
Vote by two-thirds of the members of
both houses
Or
Two-thirds of states at a
constitutional convention
Ratification: Three-fourths of states
legislatures
Or
Three-fourths of states must approve
for ratification
•Changed England’s government
from absolute monarchy to a
Constitutional monarchy
Our Constitution and Bill of Rights
were modeled after the
Constitutional monarchy.
English agreement
between its nobles and
king guaranteeing certain
rights
Rights were later given
to all citizens
Magna Carta
Our Constitution and Bill or
Rights were based on the
Magna Carta
Government by
popularly elected
representatives,
not a king
Allows people to be the final
source of authority
In 1787 the
Constitution was
drafted, which
formed the idea of
federalism
Federalism:
Power is shared between
the national or federal
government and the state
System where each
branch of government has
the ability to limit power of
the other branches to
prevent any one branch
from becoming too
powerful
Provided by the
Constitution to ensure
that America would
never have a
monarchy
First 10 amendments
protect basic
liberties and rights
Individual rights include
freedom of
•Religion
The 17 amendments
that follow the Bill of
Rights expand the
individual rights of
Americans.
•Speech
•Press, etc.
Government subject to
the will of the people
Created a
representative system of
government where
officials spoke on behalf
of the people
The new
Constitution was
based on this idea
Government only has the
powers the Constitution
gives to it.
Government principle where power is
divided among different branches.
Legislative (House &
Senate) – makes laws
Executive (President) –
enforces laws
Judicial (courts) –
interpret laws
1791
First of the ten Bill of
Rights
People can b e well
informed through the
press
People can freely
exchange ideas without
fear of imprisonment
Second President of
the U.S.
His greatest achievement
was avoiding war with
France.
Alien and Sedition Acts:
Allowed government to
forcibly expel foreigners and
jail editors for malicious
writing
Purpose: political strategy to
destroy the DemocraticRepublicans
Two distinct parties emerged during
Washington’s presidency due to:
• congressional battles over the assumption of
state debts
•Excise tax 1791
•Bank of U.S.
•Protective tariff
Led by Hamilton and John
Marshall, associated with wealthy
and upper crust, encouraged the
development of industry, favored
an alliance with Great Britain,
wanted a strong central
government.
Led by Jefferson and Madison
Associated with the masses
Encouraged the development of
agriculture
Favored an alliance with France
Pushed for strong states’ rights
Primary author of
the Declaration of
Independence
Brought Louisiana from
France, which doubled
the size of the United
States.