Transcript Vietnamization

The Vietnam War
http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Vietnam
http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/lessons/usa194180/vietnam.shtml
Stage 1: 1945 - 1952
• In this period President
Truman sent $3 billion
worth of aid to the French
Army who were fighting to
keep control of "IndoChina".
• The French were forced
to retreat against
communist rebels led by
Ho Chi Minh.
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Stage 2: 1952 - 1954
•
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• Under Eisenhower
the USA funded 80%
of the French war
effort.
• The money was
largely wasted
because the French
were on the verge of
being defeated by the
well organized
communists
Stage 3: 1963 - 1964
• 1954 the French withdrew
from Indo-China, creating
Laos, Cambodia and
Vietnam
• Initially Vietnam was split
into North and South
• Ho Chi Minh, a communist
led the North
• Ngo Dinh Diem, a corrupt
dictator, ruled the South
with US backing (the
Lesser of Two Evils)
•
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Stage Four
1963-1964
• Between 1958 and 1962
the National Liberation
Front (NLF) attacked the
South Vietnamese Army.
• NLF was called Viet Cong
by the United States
• Kennedy sent 16,000
advisors in 1963 to train
the South Vietnamese
Army in GUERILLA
WARFARE.
• These were the first U.S.
troops to land in Vietnam.
Stage 5: 1964 - 1968
• Following attacks on US Navy
(Gulf of Tonkin) Johnson
increased US involvement in
Vietnam
• 1965 - Operation Rolling Thunder
•
Operation Rolling Thunder was the title of a gradual and
sustained US 2nd Air Division (later Seventh Air Force),
US Navy, and Republic of Vietnam Air Force (VNAF)
aerial bombardment campaign conducted against the
Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from 2
March 1965 until 1 November 1968, during the Vietnam
War. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Rolling_Thunder
• By 1968 over half a million US
troops were in Vietnam
• 30,000 had died
• War was costing US $30 billion a
year
Stage 6: 1968 - 1975
• Following the Tet Offensive in
1968 US began to talk peace
•
The Tet Offensive was a military campaign during the
Vietnam War that was launched on January 30, 1968.
Regular and irregular forces of the People's Army of Vietnam
fought against the forces of the Republic of Vietnam (South
Vietnam), the United States, and their allies. The purpose of
the Tet offensive was to utilize the element of surprise and
strike military and civilian command and control centers
throughout South Vietnam, during a period when no attacks
were supposed take place. The operations are referred to as
the Tet Offensive because there was a prior agreement to
"cease fire" during the Tet festivities (Lunar New Year
Celebrations), but the Viet Cong broke the agreement, and
launched an attack campaign that began during the early
morning hours of 30 January 1968. The initial attacks stunned
the US and South Vietnamese armies and took them by
surprise, but most were quickly contained and beaten back,
inflicting massive casualties on communist forces.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet_offensive
•
•
• Nixon introduced
"Vietnamization“
• Nixon increased air
attacks, including
attacks on Laos and
Cambodia - Ho Chi
Minh trail
• By mid-1973 US
accepted the
Vietnamization was a policy of the Richard M. Nixon
administration during the Vietnam War, as a result of the
communist takeover
Viet Cong's Tet Offensive, to "expand, equip, and train
South Vietnam's forces and assign to them an everof South
increasing combat role, at the same time steadily
reducing the number of U.S. combat troops."
• April 1975 Saigon fell
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamization
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