Transcript PROGRESSIVE ERA

PROGRESSIVE
ERA
1890—1920
Much has been given us, and much will rightfully be expected
from us. We have duties to others and duties to ourselves;
and we can shirk neither. We have become a great nation…
-- Excerpt from Theodore Roosevelt’s Inaugural Address, March 4,
1905
1) The excerpt above most likely suggests that the U.S. –
A has moved into a position of world power
B needs to impose higher taxes on imported goods
C has accepted the role of isolationist nation
D needs to concentrate on domestic issues
2) What was the Progressive Era?
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PROGRESSIVISM
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***Progressivism was a political movement in which
the government took a more active approach to fixing
the problems caused by industrialization and
urbanization.***
The Progressive Era was a period in U.S. history
where a series of reforms transformed American
society.
Progressive Reforms:
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Women’s Suffrage
Child Labor
Health & Safety Codes
Prohibition
Regulation of Big Business
PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS
THEODORE
ROOSEVELT
WILLIAM
HOWARD TAFT
WOODROW
WILSON
26TH
27TH
28TH
Trust Buster
Did nothing!!!
World War 1 Guy
THEODORE ROOSEVELT
October 27, 1858—January 6, 1919
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Assistant Secretary of the Navy
1897-1898
Rough Rider during the Spanish
American War
1898
Governor of New York
1899-1900
Vice President
1901
26th President
1901-1909
Known as the "Trust Buster"
PRESIDENTIAL FIRSTS
• First to invite an African American
to a White House dinner.
• First to have Secret Service
protection.
• First to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
• First to take a trip outside the
United States.
• First to be submerged in a
submarine, to own a car, to have a
telephone in his home, and to be
allowed to operate the light
switches in the White House.
TEDDY ROOSVELT
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Soldier, politician, Social
Darwinist, nationalist, author,
hunter, conservationist
Youngest person to ever serve
as president, 42.
Roosevelt refused to kill a
defenseless bear cub on a
hunting trip and the “teddy
bear” was named after him.
One of the presidents on
Mount Rushmore.
MOUNT RUSHMORE
“BIG STICK” POLICY
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“Speak softly and carry a big
stick,” became the motto for
Roosevelt’s foreign policy.
Negotiated the construction
of the Panama Canal in 1904.
Issued the Roosevelt
Corollary to the Monroe
Doctrine stating that the U.S.
would intervene in Latin
America when necessary.
Won the Nobel Peace Prize
in 1906 after negotiating
peace in the Russo-Japanese
War.
SQUARE DEAL
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His reform programs became known as the Square Deal, “no
less, no more.”
Known as a “trust buster” after he disbanded over 40
monopolies.
First to call for universal health care and national health
insurance.
Supported conservation programs like the Newlands
Reclamation Act in 1902.
Supported labor unions and created the Bureau of
Corporations in 1903.
Passed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug
Act in 1906.
TRUST BUSTER
CONSERVATION
• Roosevelt urged Americans to conserve the nation’s
natural resources.
• In 1902 Roosevelt supported passage of the
Newlands Reclamation Act, authorizing the use of
federal funds from public land sales to pay for
irrigation and land development projects.
• Roosevelt took other steps to conserve the nation’s
resources:
added over 100 million acres to the protected national
forests
 established 5 new national parks
 established 50 federal wildlife reservations
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CONSERVATIONIST
CONSERVATIONIST
THE JUNGLE
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Novel by Upton Sinclair published in
1906.
The powerful best-seller described the
appalling conditions in the
meatpacking industry.
“There would be meat stored in great
piles in rooms; and the water from leaky
roofs would drip over it, and thousands
of rats would race upon it.” – from The
Jungle
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Upton Sinclair
Roosevelt and Congress responded by
passing the Meat Inspection Act and
MEAT PACKING
MEAT INSPECTION ACT &
PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT
• The Meat Inspection Act
required the inspection of
meat sold through interstate
commerce and required the
Agriculture Department to set
standards of cleanliness in
meatpacking plants.
• The Pure Food and Drug Act
prohibited the manufacture,
sale, or shipment of impure
or falsely labeled food and
drugs.
THEODORE ROOSEVELT
BELL RINGER #15
U.S. Navy Defeats Spanish Navy at Manila Bay
 U.S. Forces Victorious at San Juan Hill
 U.S. Acquires Additional Territories
1) As a result of the events described above, the U.S. –
A became a world power
B remained an isolationist in world affairs
C rejected imperialism
D placed limitations on foreign travel
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2) Explain the 19th Amendment.
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WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT
September 15, 1857—March 8, 1930
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Secretary of War
1904-1908
27th President
1909-1913
Chief Justice
1921-1930
SMILING BILL
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One of Roosevelt’s closest friends and obvious
choice for his successor.
Established the Children’s Bureau to overlook child
labor.
Extended Roosevelt’s conservation program by
expanding the national forests.
Strengthened the postal system.
Promoted world peace.
The only person to be both president and chief
justice of the United States.
At over 300 lbs, Taft is the heaviest president ever
elected and the last to have facial hair.
WILLIAM H. TAFT
SPLIT WITH ROOSEVELT
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Election of 1912:
Taft (President) Republican
Woodrow Wilson (Governor of
New Jersey) Democrat
Roosevelt (Former President)
Progressive.
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Because Roosevelt was actually a
Republican running on a third
party ticket, the Republican Party
was divided and the Democrats
easily won the election.
William H. Taft became the first
and only president to finish third
in his bid for reelection.
ELECTION OF 1912
WOODROW WILSON
December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924
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President of Princeton
1902-1910
Governor of New Jersey
1911-1913
28th President
1913-1921
WILSON’S ACCOMPLISHMENTS
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Passage of the 16th Amendment (Income Tax) in 1913.
Passage of the 17th Amendment (Direct Election of
Senators) in 1913.
Federal Reserve Act passed in 1913 helped reestablish the
banking system in the U.S.
In 1914 the Federal Trade Commission was passed to help
monitor American business.
The Child Labor Act of 1916 prohibited children under the
age of 14 to work in factories.
Passage of the 18th Amendment (Prohibition) in 1919.
Passage of the 19th Amendment (Women’s Suffrage) in 1920.
WILSON & WORLD WAR I
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Wilson attempted to stay out
of WWI, but the German use
of unrestricted submarine
warfare forced the U.S. to enter
in 1917.
Wilson was actively involved in
negotiating an end to the war
with his Fourteen Points.
Wilson helped shape the
Treaty of Versailles that
officially ended World War I.
He helped establish the League
of Nations after the war.
WOODROW WILSON
WOMEN’S MOVEMENT
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1848, Elizabeth Cady Stanton helps organize the first
women’s right convention in Seneca Falls, New York.
1878, a constitutional amendment granting women
suffrage was introduced, but it failed to pass.
1890, the National American Woman Suffrage
Association (NAWSA) is formed.
1913, suffragists march in Washington D.C to draw
attention to the women’s movement.
1920, the 19th Amendment guaranteeing women the
right to vote went into effect.
WOMEN ACTIVISTS
ELIZABETH
CADY STANTON
SUSAN B.
ANTHONY
CARRIE
CHAPMAN CATT
NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN
SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
• “The right of citizens of the
United States to vote shall
not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any
State on account of sex.
Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by
appropriate legislation.” –
U.S. Constitution 1920
• The 19th Amendment (1920)
guaranteed women the right
to vote.
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE BEFORE 1920
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
NAACP
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National Association for the
Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP) was
founded in 1909.
Initially the NAACP wanted
to bring an end to lynching
and racial discrimination.
NAACP also worked for such
causes as school
desegregation, fair housing
and employment, voter
registration, and equal health
care and income opportunity.
CIVIL RIGHTS LEADERS
IDA B. WELLS
BOOKER T.
WASHINGTON
W.E.B. DU BOIS