Transcript United States History Unit 5: Clash of Beliefs and Ideals

United States History Unit 5:
Clash of Beliefs and Ideals
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The Civil War is one of the key events that formed
America’s national character. This unit examines the
causes and effects of the conflict and change of the
American Civil War. It also provides a rich field for
examining the role of individuals, groups and
institutions in shaping history. It will also show how
production, distribution and consumption help the
economy to thrive as industry supports the war. The unit
concludes with a focus on the beliefs and ideals of
political reconstruction of the South and the struggles of
newly freed African-Americans.
United States History Unit 5:
Clash of Beliefs and Ideals
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SSUSH8 The student will explain the relationship between
growing north-south divisions and westward expansion.
a. Explain how slavery became a significant issue in American
politics; include the slave rebellion of Nat Turner and the rise of
abolitionism (William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and the
Grimke sisters).
b. Explain the Missouri Compromise and the issue of slavery in
western states and territories.
c. Describe the Nullification Crisis and the emergence of states’
rights ideology; include the role of John C. Calhoun and
development of sectionalism.
d. Describe the war with Mexico and the Wilmot Proviso.
e. Explain the Compromise of 1850.
United States History Unit 5:
Clash of Beliefs and Ideals
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1. THE ANTEBELLUM PERIOD
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2. THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
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3. WHAT DO YOU KNOW?
ANTEBELLUM PERIOD
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In United States history and
historiography, "antebellum" is commonly
used, in lieu of "pre-Civil War," in
reference to the period of increasing
sectionalism that led up to the American
Civil War.
AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
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The American Civil War (1861–1865),
also known as the War Between the States
and several other names, was a civil war
in the United States of America. Eleven
Southern slave states declared their
secession from the U.S. and formed the
Confederate States of America (the
Confederacy).
United States History Unit 5:
Clash of Beliefs and Ideals
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REVIEW
PRINCIPLES OF THE USC
IMPORTANT YEARS
1)AMERICAN
REVOLUTION
2)AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
3)WORLD WAR I
4)WORLD WAR II
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1775-1783
1861-1865
1914-1918
1939-1945
United States History Unit 5:
Clash of Beliefs and Ideals
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1. EMERGENCE OF 3 DISTINCT REGIONS IN
THE USA
1)NORTH
2)SOUTH
3)WEST
2.MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN N. AND S.
3.IN THE WEST, SETTLERS FROM N. AND S.
MERGED TO CREATE CULTURE
UNITED STATES, 1861
CLASH OF BELIEFS AND IDEALS:
ABOLITION
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1. Abolitionism was a movement to end
the slave trade and emancipate slaves in
western Europe and the Americas.
2. 1820, End of slavery in the N.
3. Many northerners, some southerners
supported abolition.
4. S., slavery; divisive issue between N.
and S.
PROMINENT ABOLITIONISTS
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1.
2.
3.
4.
WHITE, BLACK, MEN, AND WOMEN
WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON
FREDERICK DOUGLASS
SARAH AND ANGELINA GRIMKE
ABOLITIONISTS
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William Lloyd Garrison
(December 12, 1805 – May 24,
1879) was a prominent
American abolitionist,
journalist, and social reformer.
He is best known as the editor
of the radical abolitionist
newspaper, The Liberator, and
as one of the founders of the
American Anti-Slavery Society.
He promoted "immediate
emancipation" of slaves in the
United States.
ABOLITIONISTS
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Frederick Douglass (born
Frederick Augustus
Washington Bailey,
February 14, 1818 – February
20, 1895) was an American
abolitionist, women's
suffragist, editor, orator,
author, statesman and
reformer.
He was a firm believer in the
equality of all people, whether
black, female, Native
American, or recent immigrant.
He was fond of saying, "I
would unite with anybody to
do right and with nobody to do
wrong."
ABOLITIONISTS
SLAVERY
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1. POLITICAL ISSUE
2. MOST WHITE SOUTHERNERS OPPOSED
ABOLITION.
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PRO-SLAVERY ARGUMENTS
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3. NECESSARY PART OF SOUTH FOR
PLANTATION LABOR
4. SOUTHERNERS…SLAVES TREATED WELL,
BETTER THAN FACTORY WORKERS IN THE
NORTH
5. SLAVES BETTER OFF THAN FREE BLACKS
POLITICAL ISSUE OF SLAVERY
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1. MISSOURI COMPROMISE OF 1820
2. ORIGIN: DESIRE FOR STATEHOOD,
PROSLAVERY V. ANTISLAVERY
3. MISSOURI CONSTITUTION ALLOWED
SLAVERY BUT IT UPSET BALANCE BETWEEN
SLAVE AND FREE STATES IN USA
4. TEMPORARY RESOLUTION: MAINE, FREE
STATE, MISSOURI, SLAVE STATE (UNTIL THE
NEXT STATE WANTED ENTRY INTO UNION)
5. GREAT COMPROMISER, HENRY CLAY
HENRY CLAY
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Henry Clay, Sr. (April
12, 1777 – June 29,
1852) was a nineteenthcentury American
statesman and orator
who represented
Kentucky in both the
House of Representatives
and Senate.
Known as "The Great
Compromiser" and "The
Great Pacifier" for his
ability to bring others to
agreement
SLAVERY, POLITICAL ISSUE
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1. NAT TURNER SLAVE REBELLION, 1831
2. HIS MISSION, FREE SLAVES (AFTER
VIEWING A SOLAR ECLIPSE)
3. 4 VIRGINIA PLANTATIONS; 60 WHITES
KILLED
4. TURNER EXECUTED.
5. RESULT: NEW LAWS TO LIMIT
ACTIVITY OF SLAVES
GROWING NORTH-SOUTH
DIVISION
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1. NULLIFICATION CRISIS
2. DEFINED: RIGHTS OF STATES TO NULLIFY (CANCEL) FED LAWS THEY
OPPOSED
3. ORIGIN: SOUTHERN STATES WANTED TO NULLIFY HIGH TARIFF (TAX)
PASSED BY CONGRESS ON MANUFACTURED GOODS IMPORTED FROM
EUROPE.
4. SOUTH CAROLINA NULLIFIED THE TARIFF.
5. VP JOHN C. CALHOUN V. PRES. ANDREW JACKSON
6. CALHOUN RESIGNED TO LEAD SOUTHERN STATES
7. RESULT: RISE OF SECTIONALISM, LOYALTY TO REGION OF NATION
RATHER THAN NATION AND STATES’ SIGHTS, IDEA THAT STATES HAVE
CERTAIN RIGHTS SEPARATE FROM FED AND FED CANNOT VIOLATE
8. MOSTLY SOUTHERNERS
9. OPPOSITION SAID: RESULT OF STATES’ RIGHTS WOULD LEAD
TO MORE DIVISION, WARFARE
10. HENRY CLAY, COMPROMISE, LESSEN TAX OVER 10 YEARS
NULLIFICATION, CALHOUN V. JACKSON
CONTINUING POLITICAL CRISIS
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1. WILMOT PROVISO
The Wilmot Proviso,
one of the major events
leading to the Civil War,
would have banned
slavery in any territory to
be acquired from Mexico
in the Mexican War or in
the future, including the
area later known as the
Mexican Cession
CONTINUING POLITICAL CRISIS
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1. COMPROMISE OF 1850
2. ISSUE: ISSUE OF SLAVERY AND
EXPANSION THREATENED SURVIVAL OF
NATION
3. RESULT: COMPROMISE OF 1850
COMPROMISE OF 1850
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The Compromise of 1850 was a series
of bills aimed at resolving the territorial
and slavery controversies arising from
the Mexican-American War (1846–1848).
There were five laws that balanced the
interests of the slave states of the South
and the free states to the north.
PROVISIONS OF COMPROMISE
OF 1850
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1 Admission of State of Texas and
organization of the Territory of New
Mexico
2 Organization of the Territory of Utah
3 Admission of California to the Union
4 Fugitive Slave Law
5 Banned the slave trade from the District
of Columbia, Washington D.C.
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SEE MAP OF USA, EXPANSION OF FREE
AND SLAVE STATES (WIKI, WILMOT
PROVISO)
COMPROMISE OF 1850
WAR DURING CRISIS, THE
MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR
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1. 1846-1848
2. CAUSES
1) USA ADMITTED TEXAS TO UNION, AFTER
REBELLING AGAINST MEXICO, NOT
RECOGNIZED BY MEXICO
2) USA WANTED NEW MEXICO AND
CALIFORNIA, MEXICAN PROVINCES
3. USA OCCUPIED N. MEX.
4. RESULT: TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO,
2 FEB 1848
SUMMARY OF TREATY RESULTS
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The cession that the treaty facilitated
included parts of the modern-day U.S.
states of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico,
and Wyoming, as well as the whole of
California, Nevada, and Utah. The
remaining parts of what are today the
states of Arizona and New Mexico were
later ceded under the 1853 Gadsden
Purchase, in which the United States paid
an additional $10,000,000.
COMPLETION OF THE LOWER
48 STATES OF THE USA