Transcript industrial revolutuion

•OGT
•A GLOSSARY
OF TERMS
•42-51
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Beginning in England in
the 1750s, the
revolution brought a
basic change in the
way goods were
produced: instead of
making goods at
home by hand, people
now produced them
in factories with the
help of machines. (27)
What problem arising from
U.S. industrialization did
the progressive reformers
of the late 19th and early
20th centuries want the
federal government to
address?
A. use of child labor in the
workplace
B. unfair taxes on the
wealthy
C. restrictions on the use of
natural resources
D. lack of capital for railroad
expansion
A
2008 Questions
The appearance in many
U.S. cities of department
stores, organized sporting
events, musical theaters
and amusement parks in
the last decades of the
19th century was
evidence of what effect of
industrialization?
A. improved living conditions
on American farms
B. the growing power of
unions to negotiate
benefits for their
members
C. government-sponsored
programs to improve
public health and
education
D. an increase in the leisure
time and disposable
income of the urban
D
middle class
Identify one example of
harsh working
conditions for British
factory workers in the
19th century.
Explain how
industrialization led to
that condition.
Write your answer in the
Answer Document. (2
points)
Long Hours
Unsafe working conditions
Low wages
Many children working
2009 Questions
Identify four factors (social,
political, economic and/or
environmental) that
contributed to the
migration of large
numbers of people from
Europe to the United
States in the late 19th
century.
Write your answer in the
Answer Document. (4
points)
• Escape Poverty
• Escape Famine
• Escape Political
Persecution
• Escape Religious
Persecution
• U.S. Provided
opportunity to
improve life
2009 Questions
Consider the following changes
that occurred in the United
States
in the late 19th century:
• Increases in immigration
• Widespread industrialization
• Improvements in agricultural
technology
What was one result of these
developments during this time
period?
A. the growth of large cities
B. the decline of labor unions
C. the spread of plantation
agriculture
D. the construction of interstate
highways
A
In the late 19th century,
industrialization led to harsh
working conditions in the United
States. Which policies of the U.S.
government allowed such
conditions to develop and later
led to the growth of labor unions
to correct abuses of workers?
A. laissez-faire policies toward
big business
B. antitrust policies toward
monopolies
C. imperialist policies regarding
territorial expansion
D. isolationist policies regarding
international alliances
A
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
The number of children under one
year of age who die for every
1,000 who were born. (97)
interdependence
The reliance of each nation on
selling and buying goods and
services from other nations.
(120)
2009 Question
In recent years, information about foods and food
preparation around the world has had a wide audience on
U. S. television and on internet websites. People who are
eager to try new recipes have created a demand for
ingredients not usually produced in the United States. To
meet this demand, U.S. supermarkets have been stocking
goods formerly unknown to U.S. buyers.
What has been the cultural effect of the trend described
above?
A. a decrease in religious restrictions on particular foods
B. a reduction in the numbers of people “eating out” in
restaurants
C. the inclusion of additional international food choices in
the U.S. diet
D. people in foreign countries eating more foods produced in
the United States
C
Iranian revolution
(1979)
Uprising that overthrew the Shah
of Iran and replaced his
government with an Islamic
Fundamentalist state. (134)
Iron curtain
A term coined by Winston
Churchill for the
political barrier
isolating Sovietdominated Eastern
Europe from Western
Europe. (52)
a
Following World War II, the
Soviet Union dominated the
countries of Eastern Europe.
Forty years later, the Soviet
bloc disintegrated, and the
Soviet Union broke apart as
well.
These later events led to
A. struggles for political control
in countries formerly under
the control of the Soviet
Union.
B. the Chinese Communist
Revolution.
C. renewed conflict between
Israel and its neighbors.
D. the dismantling of the NATO
alliance.
Japanese-American
internment camps
Confinement of
Japanese
Americans in
camps during
World War II
because of fears
that they would
sympathize with
or spy for Japan.
(71)
During World War II, JapaneseAmericans were relocated from
their homes on the West
Coast of the United States to
internment camps in the U.S.
interior.
This action indicated a
widespread fear that
Japanese-Americans were
A. a threat to national security.
B. members of the Communist
Party.
C. competitors for jobs in
wartime factories.
D. immigrating to the United
States in large numbers.
a
2009 Question
In 1942, President Roosevelt issued a series of executive orders
that authorized the military to remove persons of Japanese
ancestry from the West Coast and relocate them to internment
camps. In 1982, a commission established by Congress to
review the reasons for the relocation and internment found that
the decisions were not justified by military necessity. Instead,
the commission found that the decision to relocate and intern
Japanese-Americans was the result of “race prejudice, war
hysteria, and a failure of political leadership.”
The commission findings reflect a change in views on what
subject?
A. the balance of power between Congress and the judiciary
B. the balance between individual rights and national security
C. the balance of power between the states and the federal
government
D. the balance between freedom of the press and compelling
government interest
B
“JIM CROW” LAWS
A system of laws
in Southern
states during
the late 1800s
that segregated
African
Americans and
forced them to
use separate,
inferior
facilities. (86)
What was the effect of
the passage of Jim
Crow laws in the
United States in the
late 19th century?
A. Racial segregation
was required by law in
southern states.
B. Native Americans were
moved onto
reservations.
C. Restrictions were
placed on business
monopolies.
D. Women were denied
the right to vote in
national elections.
a
“JIM CROW” LAWS
KOREAN WAR
A war from 1950 to 1953 between
North and South Korea in which
South Korea was supported by
U.N. troops, mainly from the
United States. (55)
KU KLUX KLAN
An organization formed in the
South and revived in the 1920s
against foreigners, African
Americans and Jews. (65)
KURDISH MASSACRE
The use of poison gas by dictator
Saddam Hussein against the
Kurdish people in Northern Iraq.
(86)
KURDISH MASSACRE