Transcript Reviewing for the Final EOC in US History

Reviewing for the Final EOC in
US History
US History EOC Review, January,
2006
Union County Public Schools
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The Test
There should be 65 total questions on
each test but only 55 are actually
scored.
40 Higher Order Thinking Skills
25 Lower order thinking skills
US History EOC Review, January,
2006
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Things to Remember and Look Out For
Best Answer-This means that there are
more than one right answer in the
answer set. You can tell best answer
questions because they will have
phrases that have the following
wording and appearance:
most likely
best
most accurately
greatest
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2006
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Negative answers-This means
that you will not see these type of
answers on the test:
Not
No
Except
US History EOC Review, January,
2006
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Court Cases-There are always a few court
cases on the test. They will be in italics with
the date in parenthesis at the end. It is
important to know that typically the date will
give away the answer, e.g. all court cases
from 1801-1834 are from the Marshall court
and John Marshall almost always made a
ruling that tried to strengthen the
national/federal government over the state
government; court cases from the 1950s to
the present typically dealt with extending
individual rights.
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2006
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Court cases will always have the
following appearance:
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
State v. Mann (1830)
Swann v. Board of Education of
Charlotte-Mecklenburg (1971)
Hazelwood School District v.
Kuhlmeier (1988)
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2006
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Test Taking Strategies
Students should look for key terms and phrases in the question
and the answers. These are capitalized, bold, italics, etc.
Take short breaks
Don’t skip around
Don’t be afraid to change your first answer
Never leave an answer blank
Frequently check to make sure that questions match numbers
Mark out incorrect answers.
Responses that use absolute words, such as "always" or "never"
are less likely to be correct than ones that use conditional words
like "usually" or "probably."
Look for grammatical clues
Formulate your own answer before reading the options.
Eliminate unlikely answers first.
Select answers that are longer and more descriptive.
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2006
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1.
During George Washington’s presidency, what was
the major reason for conflict between Thomas
Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton?
A Washington’s decision not to seek a third term
B the distribution of power between the judicial
branch and the legislative branch
C the U.S. government’s decision to remain neutral
in the war between France and Britain
D Hamilton’s objection to Jefferson’s strict
interpretation of the Constitution
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2006
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1.
1. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
There are answers that may be
reasons but they are not “major”
reasons. Words like “major” should
indicate to the student that there may
be more than one right answer.
Hamilton and Jefferson argued about
how strictly to interpret the
Constitution-Hamilton loosely and
Jefferson strictly (which he later
flipped on in the Louisiana Purchase).
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2006
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2. Which statement best explains the lack of
political participation by American Indians in
the United States during the Federalist period?
A American Indians did not believe they were
affected by U.S. government decisions.
B American Indians were denied U.S.
citizenship.
C American Indians refused to vote because of
different views on land ownership.
D American Indians did not support the United
States’ desire to expand west of the
Mississippi River.
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2006
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2. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
Bold and italicized (best) means
more than one right answer. Make
sure that you read all answer choices
on these. The key to the answer lies
in the words “political participation.”
They should be circled. Voting is
political participation.
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2006
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3. Which is an example of the
concept of Manifest Destiny in
action?
A the Missouri Compromise
B the annexation of Mexican territory
C the Transatlantic Slave Trade
D the Compromise of 1850
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2006
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3. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
Manifest destiny is land which means
that you can mark out choices C and
D. Students now have a 50-50 chance
of getting right should they guess.
Missouri Compromise feels more like
domestic whereas Manifest Destiny
feels more like foreign, hence
annexation of Mexican territory.
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2006
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4. Why were James Fenimore Cooper’s
novels The Last of the Mohicans and The
Pathfinder considered the first “American”
novels?
A Cooper focused on themes of the frontier
that were prominent in American culture.
B Cooper imitated the formal style of
European essays.
C Cooper wrote on the current political
themes of abolition and temperance.
D Cooper used European attitudes and values
to form his American themes.
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2006
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4. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-A
The literature of the period
focused on the new rugged,
individualism of the American
culture. Knowing Cooper’s
novels is not important as
knowing the style of literature
from the period.
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2006
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5. Which statement best explains why
Reconstruction ended?
A Reconstruction policies were no longer
needed when the Southern states rejoined the
Union.
B African Americans prospered financially.
C Reconstruction was intended to be a shortterm event that would end in 10 years.
D Enforcement of Reconstruction Acts
decreased because of political compromise.
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2006
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5. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
Bold and italicized means more
than one right answer. Don’t be
fooled by stopping your search of
answers when you get an answer
that is “sort of” right.
Reconstruction ended because of
the Compromise of 1877.
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2006
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6. You shall not press down upon the
brow of labor this crown of thorns, you
shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of
gold. William Jennings Bryan, 1896
According to this excerpt, which idea did
William Jennings Bryan promote?
A Granger laws
B diamond standard
C socialism
D bimetallism
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2006
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6. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
“Gold” and silver, two metals,
bimetallism. A major issue of the
period.
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7. Which innovation had the
greatest impact on westward
migration immediately after the Civil
War?
A telegraph
B electricity
C steam-powered boats
D transcontinental railroad
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7. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
Bold and italicized means more than
one right answer. Don’t be fooled by
stopping your search of answers
when you get an answer that is “sort
of” right. Although several answer
could be correct the key lies in the
very specific “immediately.” Absolute
words are clues when approaching
these type of questions.
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2006
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8. How did industrial leaders accumulate
wealth during the late 1800s?
A by collective bargaining and forming
unions
B by creating monopolies and
establishing trusts
C by developing new farming techniques
D by selling stock to employees
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2006
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8. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
This is a major concept of the
period which is very specific-“late
1800s”. Those words should be
circled when reading the
question.
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2006
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9. What impact did U.S. governmental polices
have on business and industry during the late
1800s?
A The U.S. government tried to control public and
private utilities and transportation.
B The U.S. government tried to limit and regulate
industrial and business growth.
C The U.S. government regulated industry for the
public good.
D The U.S. government had little or no influence
on business and industry.
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9. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
Once again, circle the specific
“late 1800s” to narrow your
answer choices.
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2006
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10. What is the best Social-Darwinist defense
for U.S. imperialism?
A Robber Barons deserved new markets to
sell their goods and expand their businesses.
B The United States needed to compete with
European nations to prove that the United
States was superior.
C Superior nations had an obligation to
govern less-advanced nations.
D The United States needed to test its military
strength to make any necessary
improvements.
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10. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
Bold and italicized means more than
one right answer. Don’t be fooled by
stopping your search of answers
when you get an answer that is “sort
of” right. Circle Social-Darwinist and
imperialism. A thought that should
immediately rise when thinking
Darwinism is only the strong survive
which clues you in to the right
answer.
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2006
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11. In addition to Puerto Rico, which
territories were acquired by the
United States as part of the peace
treaty that ended the SpanishAmerican War?
A Cuba and the Philippines
B Cuba and Guam
C the Philippines and Guam
D the Philippines and Hawaii
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11. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
The US never owned Cuba so
those two answer should be
crossed out. This leaves a 50-50
guess.
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12. What was the effect of the use of
literacy tests throughout the South after
the U.S. Civil War?
A an increase in voter turnout by African
Americans
B the election of more African American
government officials in the South
C the poor and African Americans not
allowed to vote
D an increase in the power of the
Republican Party in the South
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12. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
Ask, what is the effect of literacy
tests to yourself before looking at
the choices. It was a test to limit
voting, now, for whom? Poor
can’t read and neither could the
newly emancipated African
Americans.
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13. How did U.S. participation in World
War I impact U.S. foreign policy in the
decade right after the war?
A The United States became isolationist
in its diplomatic and political relations.
B The United States used the military to
acquire new territories.
C The United States joined the League
of Nations.
D The United States strengthened its
alliances in Latin America.
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The US went from involved in war
to isolationist. The other three
answers are similar in that they
involve involvement outside the
US. This is a clue to look for the
answer that is different.
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Factors that Led to the Great Depression
Access to Easy
Credit
?
Severe Drought
in the Midwest
Onset of the
Great
Depression in the
United States
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Which statement best completes the
diagram above?
A Failure of the League of Nations
B Buying stock on margin
C High prices for farm commodities
D Establishment of stricter banking
regulation
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14. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
Bold and italicized means more than
one right answer. Don’t be fooled by
stopping your search of answers when
you get an answer that is “sort of”
right. A can be crossed out because it
deals with foreign policy. Stricter
banking regulations would have
prevented the Great Depression, not
caused it. You are now at 50-50.
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2006
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15. Why did many U.S. congressmen
dislike Franklin D. Roosevelt’s
Quarantine Speech (1937)?
A They feared it would lead to United
States involvement in World War II.
B They feared it would interfere with U.S.
trade relations with China.
C They feared it would cause the United
States to become more isolationist.
D The feared it would increase
immigration problems.
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15. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-D
What would be the fear in getting
a little more aggressive with
foreign nations. Why were we
isolationist anyway? People were
afraid to be another World War.
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2006
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16. Which term best describes the
foreign policy of both President
Harry Truman and President Lyndon
Johnson?
A imperialism
B nationalism
C containment
D appeasement
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2006
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16. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
Bold and italicized means more than one
right answer. Don’t be fooled by stopping
your search of answers when you get an
answer that is “sort of” right. Imperialism
is really a concept thought of in the 1890s,
appeasement of World War 2. Test makers
will not try to confuse you with these
concepts outside of the period where they
are best understood. The US was trying to
contain Communism.
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17. Which action taken by President
Harry S Truman represents an attempt
to respond to civil rights concerns?
A desegregating schools
B desegregating the military
C outlawing segregation in federal
buildings
D outlawing segregation in public
transportation
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2006
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17. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
Even if you did not know that
Truman desegregated the
military, you should know that
schools and transportation are
not normally associated with
Truman.
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2006
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18. How did the domino theory influence
the United States’ role in the Vietnam
War?
A The United States adopted a position
of neutrality.
B Vietnamization became the new U.S.
foreign policy.
C It convinced the United States to
become involved in the war.
D It forced the United States to support
the Vietcong.
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18. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
Fear to be involved earlier in our
history bled over to a fear of
Communism throughout the Cold
War.
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19. Which factor was a major cause of
the stagnant economy in the United
States during the early 1970s?
A the dependency on imported food
B the increased prices for gasoline
C the decline in service sector jobs
D the increased production of
automobiles
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19. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-B
Gasoline is so important to our
economy. This is a major
concept with which to be familiar
in the 1970s.
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2006
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20. Which U.S. Supreme Court decision
made it illegal to achieve diversity
through the use of racial quotas?
A Brown v. Board of Education of
Topeka, Kansas (1954)
B Swann v. Board of Education of
Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Carolina
(1971)
C Regents of the University of California
v. Bakke (1978)
D Texas v. Johnson (1989)
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20. TEACHER NOTES
Right Answer-C
Although all of these court cases are
important, only one deals with racial
quotas. All court cases can be understood
some by their dates. Court cases like these
listed above deal with the rights of
individuals. Brown is a must know and will
always be addressed in the education
sense, thereby eliminating it in this case.
Swann is busing and Texas is flag burning.
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2006
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US History Cheat Sheet
Short Version
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Hamilton’s Economic Plan is
always contrasted with Jefferson’s.
Hamilton wanted to loosely interpret
the Constitution giving the federal
government a lot more power in
making economic decisions.
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Federalist/Anti Federalist started out
as a conflict over the inclusion of a
Bill of Rights (Anti Federalist wanted
it) and bled over to the
Hamilton/Jefferson conflict and the
two party system.
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Marbury v. Madison, 1803-Court
case that Fed. Govt power of
judicial review. Made fed govt
stronger like all court cases that will
be tested in the 1801-1834 time
period at the expense of state rights.
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2006
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Louisiana Purchase, 1803 greatly
expanded US territory. Made
Jefferson a loose constructionist
instead of a strict constructionist.
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Washington’s Farewell Address
said stay away from entangling
alliances.
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War of 1812 was the 2nd American
Revolution. Established US as much
more of a world power, turning
point in American history; US
become more independent and
gained foreign respect.
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Missouri Compromise, Missouri
admitted into Union as a slave
state; Maine as a free state. No
state of the La Purchase north of
the 36 30 were to be free states. All
states south to be slave states.
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Hudson River School of ArtistsRomantic images of America's
wilderness - in the Hudson River
Valley and also in the newly opened
West. The particular use of light
effects, to lend an exaggerated
drama to such elements as mist and
sunsets
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2006
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Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Western
Hemisphere was no longer open to
colonization by European countries;
designed to protect Latin American
countries.
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2006
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Seneca Falls Convention. 1848
Convention, Susan B. Anthony,
Lucretia Mott to help bring about
more women’s rights.
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Gettysburg was the turning point
battle of the Civil War.
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2006
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Reconstruction allowed for
Southern states to be readmitted.
1865-1877. Lincoln plan was
lenient, Congressional plan
punished the South, ended with
political compromise in 1877
election.
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2006
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Robber barons-Trusts and
monopolies, gospel of wealth led to
the industrial revolution and
massive wealth in the hands of big
businesses.
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2006
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Sherman Anti Trust Act was
designed to protect the public from
monopoly practices and other
abuses of free enterprise.
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2006
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Pendleton Act, 1883 set up
commission to give competitive
examinations for those seeking
government jobs.
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Muckrakers-Those journalist and
individuals that dug up
sensationalized stores of the
wrongs and evils of big business
and society, The Jungle, Upton
Sinclair
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Spanish American War, 1898,
turning point in American history;
US become colonial power,
sensationalism, sinking of the
Maine, US acquired Puerto Rico
Guam and Philippines.
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2006
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Plessey v Ferguson, 1896 allowed
separate but equal; was later
overturned by Brown v Board of
Ed. , 1954
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Causes of World War I “MAINA”
militarism, aggression, imperialism,
nationalism, assassination
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Great Depression Caused by
buying stocks on the margin, Dust
Bowl, easy credit during the 1920s
Causes of World War II,
appeasement of Hitler, invasion of
Poland, Pearl Harbor Allied v Axis
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2006
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Marshall Plan, Massive
rebuilding loan plan in Europe to
help thwart the possibility of the
spread of Communism.
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Cold War, war of words between
US and USSR over the spread of
Communism; Korea, Vietnam,
etc.
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United Nations peacekeeping
organization of 1945. Security
Council has five permanent
members US Soviet, Russia, Great
Britain, France and China
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Brown v Board of Education,
1954 overturned Plessey case;
separate but equal were deemed
illegal.
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution covered
every opportunity to allow for war in
Vietnam
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Tet Offensive, surprise attacks vy
Viet Cong and the North
Vietnamese all across South
Vietnam during Tet, the luna New
Year holidays which demoralized
Americans.
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Sputnik, 1957 Russian satellite,
race into space, helped bring about
the National Defense Ed. Act.
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Watergate brought about
resignation of Nixon, let to distrust
of government.
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Camp David Accords, agreement
between Egypt and Israel during
Carter presidency.
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