Transcript Chapter 10
The Age of Jackson, 1824-1844 Daniel Acosta Helen Cai Zamir Borja Jacksonian Democracy Rise of Democratic Society Class divisions were not noticeable Widespread belief in the self-made man No belief in the “selfmade woman” or civil rights Jacksonian Democracy Politics of the Common Man Universal Male Suffrage Party Nominating Conventions Popular Election of the President Two-Party System Rise of Third Parties More Elected Offices Popular Campaigning Spoils System & Rotation of Officeholders Jackson Vs AdamsElection of 1824 Era of Good Feelings ended in political divisions Candidates were John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson Corrupt Bargain Jackson won majority of popular votes Electoral votes were split 4-ways Henry Clay used his influence to sway the House of Rep’s choice into electing Adams as victor President Adams appointed Clay as his secretary of state President John Quincy Adams Jacksonians denounced Adams for internal improvements, aid to manufacturing, and a national university and astronomical observatory Tariff of 1828 : Tariff of Abominations Satisfied Northern manufacturers but hurt Southern planters The Revolution of 1828 Adams sought reelection Southern and Western discontent benefited Jackson and ruined Adams Both political parties resorted to smearing each other Jackson won the election due to his reputation as a war hero and self-made man Andrew Jackson’s Presidency 7th President of the United States Yo Hero of the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812 President of the “Common Man” (Working and Middle Class) An Indian Fighter Jackson’s Role As President Created “Kitchen Cabinet” using the Spoils System Vetoed 12 bills in his Eight Years as President Was not on the same page with Henry Clay Was opposed to National debt and increased national spending Rejected Congress’s powers, whose most audible voice was Clay The Peggy Eaton Affair Eaton was accused of being an adulteress by the wives of Jackson’s cabinet Thus, not invited to private parties With his powers, Jackson forced the cabinet to befriend Eaton As a result, most of the cabinet resigned, including John Calhoun, his vice president Jackson’s Policy Concerning Native American Tribes Since Jackson was for the common man, he sympathized with people who wanted western land Indian Removal Act of 1830resettlement of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi The Bureau of Indian Affairs- created to help these Indian tribes move to their new land Supreme Court Cases Concerning Native American Tribes Worcester v. Georgia (1832) Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) Cherokees were not a foreign nation with the right to sue in a federal court Georgia had no power within Cherokee territory Showed a clash of state power and federal government “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it.” “Trail of Tears” The Nullification Crisis South Carolina called Tariff of 1828 unconstitutional. Nullification Theory- all states have the right to decide if a federal law should be obeyed or void The Force Bill gave Jackson the power to send military to SC Nullification and Disunion was Treason in Jackson’s eyes A Possible Event of Succession for South Carolina Jackson’s Policy Concerning the Bank of the United States Bank of the United States Privately Owned Nicholas Biddle, President of BUS Jackson thought that the bank abused its powers due to Biddle’s pride Unconstitutionality in BUS in Jackson’s eyes Clay went against Jackson (BUS –part of the American System); wanted it rechartered Jackson, like did with the other previous legislations, vetoed the recharter for the bank, not making it look good for Clay The Two-Party System in the Age of Jackson Democrats Opposed Monopolies, a national bank, high tariffs, high land prices Supported local rule, free trade, equal economic opportunity for men, states’ rights Resembled Jefferson’s Republican Party of the 1790s Whigs Opposed crime, and immorality Favored Clay’s American System National Bank Protective Tariffs Internal Improvements Can be Compared to the Federalist Party Jackson’s Second Term “Pet Banks” Specie Circular The Election of 1836 The “Log Cabin and Hard Cider” Campaign of 1840