Transcript US-Japan Relations

US-Japan
Relationship
May 2011
Nickolas Harris
Investigate US-Japan
Relations 1850-Present
• A brief history of Perry and the
Black Ships
• US and foreign Influences
• Japans unique changes to foriegn
Imports, ideas.
1852
Perry
Late 1800s 1914-1920 1938-1945
Meiji Restoration WWI
(WWII)
1946-->
Post WWII
FIRST CONTACT
1852: Commodore Perry Arrives to
the ports of Uraga Harbor
1854: Arrives to the Ports of
Shimoda
1858: The Harris Treaty
Commodore Perry
Perry`s Arrival
“Official” end of “sakoku” and Opening of Japan
-US forcefully opens ports
-The first official contact with American
diplomats.
-The signing of the a Nibei`s Washin Jyouyaku
also known as the “Kanagawa Treaty”.
Results:
Japans realization that they are far behind the
West, which causes some disturbance amongst
the Japanese.
People begin to consider embracing Western
influences to catch up.
Black Ships
The Ships Americans took
to the harbors of Tokyo in
1852 than to Kanagawa
in 1854
*Significance:
The ships superior navel
power was utilized during
negotiation to pursuade the
Japanese officials to sign the
“unequal treaties”.
Images of Mathew Perry
The BLACK Ships
What was the Image of
Perry and the Black Ships
Discuss within your tables.
Images US Sailors had of the
Japanese (pt.1)
Images US Sailors had of the
Japanese (pt.2)
What was the Americans had of
the Japanese?
Discuss within
your tables.
Post Perry 1855-WWI 1910
An episode of Friendship and Rivalry
Japan begun trading with other nations,
and begun to sway away from traditional
culture as the wealthy and Japan begun
to wear western attire and the military
begun training with western artilerary.
Meiji Restoration 1868-
• Following the visit from Perry, Japan was
determined to catch up to the West. This
meant to catch up in various industries,
whether it be energy, military, economics and
transportation.
• This period is also known as the Meiji
Restoration
American Influence on the
Meiji Restoration
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce
-Opened up Japan to the United States to trade
-Brought an end to Japans closed policy
The Harris Treaty
-Endorsed by Townsend Harris
-Gave the United States a powerful bargaining
position regarding trade, the treaty was signed
by the Shogun, and not the emperor.
UnEqual Treaties
Unequal Treaties:
At the time the rest of Europe was creating
treaties with China, known as the “unequal
treaties”, which was symbolic the EasternWestern Foreign Relations at the time.
In Japan, the Harris Treaty created great
havoc, because it was signed by the military
and not the emperor.
1878 Relationship
begins to Turn Sour
After a period of non-diplomacy, Japan begins
to pressure the US to repremend previous
treaties. However, the US declines to make
major changes to their treaty regarding trade
Despite being allies in WWI, relationships
between the US and Japan were appearing to
not be one which would be easily
repremended.
Bad Timing
The same period Japan was going
through the Meiji Restoration, the US
was going through a Civil War
(1861-1865)
Japanese Aggression in The East
Throughout the early stages of the post WWI
period, Japan continues to pursue further
territory in China and Russia.
The US unhappy about this Japanese aggression
in these territories begin to completely cut
ties off with Japan.
Eventually in the 1930`s the US begins a full
Embargo, which than elicits the infamous day
of the bombing of pearl harbor.
Mukden Incident
• However, as Japan begun to increase
influence at the international scale,
there relationship with not only the
United States, but most Western
nations turned sour.
• Japan was bitter that Europeans were
taking over Asian soil, and Europeans
were bitter that Japan was not
conceding to European colonization.
• The Muden, or Manchurian incident,
was the starting point of WWII
Pearl Harbor
1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
The War between the United States
and Japan (The Pacific War) begins.
“Day of Infamy”
Key Events Prior to 1946
1852 First Visit
1854 Opening of Japan
1868-1912 Meiji Restoration
1914-18 US and Japan are allies in WWI
1919 Japan increases territory beyond China
into parts of Siberia
1931-32 Manchurian Incident
1941 Pearl Harbor (Japan declares War)
1945 Japan Surrenders to the United States
Post WWI Relations
--Key Point--*The section pertaining to the US and
Japans Pacific Wars, and the trails that
preceded have been omitted, because
we have already covered those items
before the Hiroshima field trip
1945-> A New Chapter Begins
of US-Japan Relations