Transcript Chapt. 8. S. 4

Chapter
8 Section 4
Objectives
• Discuss the reasons for tension between the
United States and France.
• Describe the main provisions of the Alien and
Sedition acts.
• Explain how controversy arose over states’
rights.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Focus: Wednesday, January 30
Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8
Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or
higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying
relevant details.
Review: Read first paragraph, pg. 297
• Based on the third paragraph, what is the meaning of the word emphasize?
• A. essential
• B. accentuate
• C. loudly
• D. state
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-E-(2-3)
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Objective-Unit Learning Goal
Students will be able to assess the struggles
during John Adam’s Presidency and the Alien
and Sedition Acts with 90% accuracy.
EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal
and external challenges of creating a new
Nation?
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.E-(2-3)
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Terms and People
• alien – an outsider or someone from another
country
• sedition – activity designed to overthrow a
government
• nullify – to deprive of legal force
• states’ rights – the idea that the union binding
“these United States” is an agreement between
the states and that they therefore can overrule
federal law
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
How did problems with France intensify
the split between the Federalists and the
Republicans?
John Adams succeeded
Washington as President in 1796.
Adams immediately faced a crisis
over relations with France.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Recent actions by American leaders provoked
angry responses from the French people.
• U.S. neutrality
• the Jay Treaty
The Presidency of John Adams
The French
snubbed a U.S.
diplomat and
attacked U.S.
ships.
Chapter
8 Section 4
Daily Agenda
Read:
• Text-298-301-Thinking Map-Sequence (Flo-map)
Critical thinking:
Analyze the problem-What was the conflict with XYZ
affair? Why do you think it angered Americans so
much? With your group, discuss the issues Adams
faced during his presidency. Could Adams have
handled the Sedition and XYZ acts differently?
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
In 1797, Adams sent a mission to France. This led
to a scandal known as the XYZ Affair.
French agents
demanded that the
U.S. pay them a large
bribe.
bribe
$$
The Americans refused. The French agents were
anonymously known as X, Y, and Z.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
The XYZ Affair caused war fever in America.
Adams asked Congress to increase the size of the
army and rebuild the navy.
From 1798–1800,
the United States
fought an
undeclared naval
war with France.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Adams opposed a full-scale war with France.
He sent a new mission
to France to meet with
dictator Napoleon
Bonaparte.
In 1800, Napoleon agreed to stop seizing
American ships. Adams had avoided war.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
In 1798, war fever drove Federalists to pass laws
to destroy their political opponents.
aliens
The Alien Act was
directed at aliens, such
as immigrants.
Republicans
The Sedition Act
targeted Republicans.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Alien Act
• Increased the duration, from 5 to
14 years, that a person had to
live in the U.S. to become a
citizen.
• Gave the President power to
deport or imprison any alien
considered dangerous.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Sedition Act
• The harshest law limiting free
speech ever passed in the U.S.
• Made it a crime for anyone to
write or say anything insulting or
false about the President,
Congress, or the government.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Passage of the Alien and Sedition acts renewed
the debate over federal versus state power.
Arguments for State’s
Rights
Arguments for Federal
Power
• The federal government
derives its power from
rights given to it by the
states.
• The federal government
derives its power from
rights given to it by the
American people.
• Because the states created
the United States,
individual states have the
power to nullify a federal
law.
• States have no power to
nullify federal laws.
• States cannot revoke
federal powers set forth in
the Constitution.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Republicans fought the Alien and Sedition
acts.
Kentucky and Virginia passed resolutions that
declared the acts unconstitutional. These state
resolutions had little immediate impact, but the
Alien and Sedition acts did not last long.
The Sedition Act
expired in 1801.
The Presidency of John Adams
The waiting period
to become a citizen
was restored to 5
years in 1802.
Chapter
8 Section 4
The Virginia and Kentucky resolutions were far
more important than the laws that provoked
them.
They claimed
that states could
nullify a
law passed by
Congress.
The Presidency of John Adams
The
resolutions
also boosted
the idea of
states’
rights.
Chapter
8 Section 4
Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect
Causes
• French angry
over U.S.
neutrality, Jay
treaty
• France snubs
U.S. diplomat,
attacks U.S.
ships
Effect/Cause
• Adams sends
ministers to
France
• XYZ Affair: French
agents demand
U.S. ministers pay
bribe
Causes
• War fever grips
nation
•
Effect/Cause
•
The Presidency of John Adams
•
Effect/Cause
•
•
•
Effect
•
Effect/Cause
•
Effect
Chapter
8 Section 4
Daily Agenda
Discuss With your Group:
Critical thinking:
Analyze the problem-What was the conflict with XYZ
affair? Why do you think it angered Americans so
much? With your group, discuss the issues Adams
faced during his presidency. Could Adams have
handled the Sedition and XYZ acts differently?
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing
about today’s objective and ULG you are
sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear
about or may need some extra help to
understand.
• Where do you think you are in today's
learning goal scales? Why?
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect
Causes
• French angry
over U.S.
neutrality, Jay
treaty
• France snubs
U.S. diplomat,
attacks U.S.
ships
Effect/Cause
• Adams sends
ministers to
France
• XYZ Affair: French
agents demand
U.S. ministers pay
bribe
Effect/Cause
• Adams asks
Congress for
bigger navy
• U.S.-France
fight
undeclared
naval war
Effect
• Napoleon
agrees to stop
seizing U.S.
ships
• War avoided
Causes
• War fever grips
nation
• Federalists and
Republicans
fierce
opponents
Effect/Cause
• Congress passes
Alien and Sedition
Acts
Effect/Cause
• Republicans
pass Kentucky
and Virginia
Resolutions
Effect
• Kentucky and
Virginia
Resolutions
boost
arguments for
nullification and
states’ rights
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Home LearningSummary
Use the notes from your thinking map to write
your summary(on the back).
Summarize John Adam’s Presidency and the
struggles he faced.
The Presidency of John Adams
Chapter
8 Section 4
Reflection
•
•
•
•
•
Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate
yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the
lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson)
To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
Are you clear about the lesson so far?
Are you confused about anything?
Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your
summary.
• Complete your student progress chart
Have a nice day
The Presidency of John Adams