Transcript Old World, New Worlds - Bartlett High School

Homework
TURN IN YOUR HOMEWORK TO THE
FOLDER UP FRONT.
 Chapter 18 Section 3
 Read Pgaes 616 – 621.
 Main Ideas A – C.
 Skillbuilders;
Page 620 #1 – 2
Page 621 #1 – 2
Opening Assignment
H Do you believe that people in the
United States should be prosecuted
for their beliefs if those beliefs pose
a threat to the security of the US?
H Why or why not?
Essential Learning Goal:
• The Cold War between the Soviet Union and United
States helped shape the culture, history, and politics of
the United States during the 20th Century.
Learning Targets:
• I can identify the Loyalty Review Board and the
McCarran Act and explain how they violated US citizens’
rights.
• I can explain the significance of the House Un-American
Actitivites Committee (HUAC) and Joseph McCarthy’s
role in anti-communist persecution.
• I can identify the term McCarthyism and how it shaped
attitudes toward Communism in the US.
• I can explain the role of Alger Hiss and the Rosenbergs
in helping to increase anti-communist sentiment in the
US.
The Second
Red Scare
Started in 1945 as the domestic
counterpart to the Cold War but
reached its climax during the Korean War
Evidence of espionage
By 1950 anticommunism had created
a climate of fear, where legitimate concerns mixed
with irrational hysteria.
Truman signs executive order for federal
employee loyalty program, creates the Loyalty
Review Board. 212 employees fired, thousands
refused to cooperate. Why might they do this?
The McCarran Act
The McCarran Act made it illegal to plan any action
that might lead to the establishment of a totalitarian
dictatorship in the US.
President Truman vetoed the bill stating “in a free
country we punish men for the crimes they commit,
but never for the opinions they have.”
Congress voted to override the President’s veto and
passed the McCarran Act without the President’s
signature.
The Second
Red Scare
House Un-American Activities Committee
(HUAC) Part of the US Senate.
Accusations about pro-Communist subversives in
government
The Alger Hiss case
Whittaker Chambers, former Soviet agent, accused
Hiss, who worked at the State Department, of passing
secret documents
Hiss convicted of perjury
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Accused of espionage and convicted with limited
evidence. Executed in the electric chair in 1953.
Senator Joseph McCarthy
Witch-hunt
Saw an
opportunity
to improve
his political
career
ArmyMcCarthy
Hearings
(1954)
McCarthyism
McCarthyism is the practice of
making accusations of disloyalty,
subversion, or treason without
proper regard for evidence.
It also means "the practice of making
unfair allegations or using unfair
investigative techniques, especially
in order to restrict dissent or political
criticism."
Senator Joseph McCarthy
When McCarthy accused the US Army of having
been infiltrated by Communists he signaled his own
demise.
Finally an Army lawyer Joseph Welch stood up to
Senator McCarthy saying, “Senator, may we not drop
this? We know he belonged to the Lawyer's Guild...
Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator;
you've done enough. Have you no sense of decency,
sir? At long last, have you left no sense of
decency?”
Shortly after this the US Senate investigated
McCarthy’s behavior and he lost respect and power.
A few years later McCarty died of alcoholism.
Activity
Create a loyalty oath with a partner
for Americans to take that promises
to support the United States and
oppose Communism or any behavior
that would threaten the security of
the United States.
Turn this oath in on a piece of paper
with you and your partner’s names.