Transcript Social Studies Chapter 4 California’s Indians Today

Social Studies
Chapter 4
California’s Indians Today
By Mr. Mallory
mission
• Religious communities built by the Spanish
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information and
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Spanish Explorers Built Missions
from 1769 - 1823
Native American’s learned Spanish customs and about the Catholic religion.
Mexican War of Independence
1810 - 1821
In 1810, Miguel Hidalgo declared independence from the Spanish crown. In 1821,
the war ended, and the Treaty of Cordoba was signed which recognized Mexican
Independence. In 1833, the Mexican lawmakers passed An Act for the Secularization
of the missions. The act provided for the colonization of Alta and Baja California,
with the expenses paid for by the sale of the missions. The missions were then closed
and the land was sold off as ranchos.
Meanwhile, The English were colonizing the East Coast
and forming the first 13 states of the United States.
Pioneers traveled westward taking land as they
went. They believed in Manifest Destiny.
When the arrived in the west they found a
California that was controlled by the Mexican
Government.
In 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico. The war was called the
Mexican American War. In 1848, California became the 31st state of the
United States.
reservation
• Areas of land reserved or set aside for the
Indians
• The United States placed Native Americans on
reservations.
•There are about 310 reservations in the United States. Not all tribes have them.
•Laws on tribal lands vary because tribes have tribal sovereignty.
•That’s why some tribes have built casinos.
•Most reservations are in the mid-west, where land is unsuitable for agriculture.
•The quality of life on some reservations is very poor. There are issues of infant
mortality, life expectancy, nutrition and poverty, and alcohol and drug abuse.
rancheria
• Small reservations set aside for Native
Americans.
Click on the graphic above to visit
Redding Rancheria’s website!
Redding Rancheria on Facebook!
history map
• A map that shows how a place looked at an
earlier time
culture
• A way of life shared by members of a group;
the behaviors and beliefs characteristic to a
particular social, ethnic, or age group.
THE TEN INDIAN COMMANDMENTS!
Treat the Earth and all that dwell thereon with respect!
Remain close to the Great Spirit
Show great respect for your fellow beings
Work together for the benefit of all mankind!
Give assistance and kindness wherever needed
Do what you know to be right
Look after the well-being of mind and body
Dedicate a share of your efforts to the greater good
Be truthful and honest at all times
Take full responsibility for your actions.....
preserve
• Keeping things alive; like in a museum
You can preserve jelly.
You can preserve things
in a museum!
You can preserve nature.
museum
• A place to keep and display objects
tradition
• A way of doing things that is passed on to
others by word of mouth or practice
elder
• A respected older member of a tribe
sovereign
• Tribal government separate from the federal
or national government
 Tribal sovereignty in the United States refers to the inherent authority of
indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of the United
States of America. The federal government recognizes tribal nations as
"domestic dependent nations" and has established a number of laws
attempting to clarify the relationship between the federal, state, and tribal
governments. The Constitution and later federal laws grant to tribal
nations more sovereignty than is granted to states or other local
jurisdictions, yet do not grant full sovereignty equivalent to foreign
nations, hence the term "domestic dependent nations".
sovereign
• Tribal sovereignty map of the United States
constitution
• A written set of laws that tell how a
government works
tribal council
• A group of leaders elected by tribe members
treaty
• An agreement between groups or countries
 1851 – 1852 – 18 treaties were negotiated between the U.S. and Indian
tribes.
 1852 – The U.S. Senate rejected all of them and Indians were moved to
temporary reservations.
 Early 1900s – Reformers petitioned congress to provide land to homeless
Indians. California purchased 9,000 acres that eventually became 50
Rancherias.
 Originally, the small pieces of land were meant to provide housing for
homeless and landless adult Indians, but they evolved to have their own
tribal governments.
 1953 – California Rancheria Act called for the termination of federal
trusteeship for the Indians of California. 38 tribes were terminated and
they were encouraged to assimilate with mainstream society.
 1973 – Indian Self Determination and Education Act allowed tribes to
regain federal recognition. Today, 104 tribes are recognized in California.
A bad joke…
The End!