Transcript WWI: Causes, Effects and Unresolved Issues

Why was WWI considered the Great War or the War
to end al wars?
EAT IT
 Document one illustrates the
growing tensions amongst the
between France and Prussia over
territories like Alsace and Lorraine
in addition to other European
tensions and growing alliances
 A.the iron rich Alsace-Loraine was
lost to Germany in the FrancoPrussian war leading to tensions
between the newly formed
German and France
 Document 2 is a secret treaty
between Austria-Hungary and
Germany as a cautionary measure
to protect them against a potential
attack against Russia fearing a two
front war
 P. This treaty was kept secret from
France and their allies to
surreptitiously prepare for a
military conflict after Germany will
annex Alsace-Lorraine making
them a legitimate industrial and
imperial power through Bismarck’s
Blood and iron campaign inspiring
German Nationalism
 Document 3 illustrates that both
sides prior to WWI are spending
vast sums of money to fortify their
navies with dreadnoughts in
anticipation of conflict
 L Militarism was an important
competitive practice amongst
imperial nations and the
development of the dreadnought
illustrated a command of the
world’s oceans leading to the fear
of the U-boat
 In Document 4 satirist Mark Twain
identifies the nationalism amongst
19 groups within the AustroHungarian Empire which, while
unified, could possibly be stirred
into dissent
 I. nationalism within the AustroHungarian Empire led to many new
alliances like that of the Pan-Slav
group black hand who would look
toward Russia for independence
against Austro-Hungary
 Document 5 illustrates the
alliances of the allied and central
powers poised to mobilize forces in
the event of a “spark
 F. The assassination of, heir to the
Austrian throne, arch Duke Franz
Ferdinand served as the spark
which created a series of
declarations of war across Europe
 American Exports in document 6
seem to suggest leanings to UK
and France from 1910-1915 with
1915 being the most pronounced
 E. American business interests in
Europe seemed to favor the triple
entente(FRE) and, therefore,
created animosity amongst the
triple alliance(GAI)
 Photographs in doc 7 of new
military technologies like tanks,
trench warfare, dreadnoughts and
machine guns suggest WWI would
be a different kind of war
 R. The scientific application of the
weapons of war contributed to 20
million casualties and a lost
generation.
 Document 8 illustrates the total
war where the battlefield was not
the only opportunity for citizens to
participate in the war effort.
 O. This YMCA poster urges women
to join the industrial work force to
help build the weapons of war for
the boys overseas in support
 Documents 9 juxtaposes the years
of stalemate in Dulcet Et Decorum
Est. with the vitality of the United
States readiness for was in over
there
 C. These two poems/songs serve to
both illustrate the nationalism
involved in placing your country
first as well as the sacrifices
soldiers had to make during WWI
 The Zimmerman Telegram in
document 10 suggests an alliance
between Mexico and Germany in
the event the United States does
not remain neutral. In return,
Mexico will receive lands lost and
allied potentially with Japan.
 K. The secret alliances continued as
Germany’s fear of U.S .involvement
in the war might break the
stalemate and encouraged an old
foe to attack if the United States
becomes involved with Japan as a
surprise allied.
 In Document 11 in a letter to Lord
Rothschild, Arthur Balfour
promises lands in Palestine to the
nationalist Jews known as the
Zionist federation who were
looking for an independent
homeland
 B. Zionism was a form of Jewish
nationalism formed to unify
against anti-Semitism prevalent in
Europe and ,with the promise of
Arthur Belfour, would provide a
reason for Jews to fight in WWI
 The Sykes-Picot agreement in
document 12 illustrates an alliance
between the British and French
governments to control oil rich
Arab territories both directly and
indirectly
 G. the secret Sykes-Picot
agreement gave the Pan-Arab
national movement a reason to
join the British and French to
encourage their motivation to fight
against Ottoman forces
 The Versailles treaty in Document
13 illustrate the dissolution of the
Ottoman territories, redistribution
of German territories and a guilt
clause punishing Germany for
losses incurred during WWI
 M. The treaty which ended WWI
took place for 6 months in the
Paris Peace conference and lead to
the splintering of Ottoman,
German and Austro-Hungarian
forces as well as demanding
German pay reparations creating
new tensions
 Document 14 is American
President Woodrow Wilson’s 14
points brought about to congress a
way to prevent future wars
including demilitarize, opening up
of trade barriers, and popular
sovereignty for former colonies.
 H. Wilsons proposal to Congress
appealed to prevent any future
American incursions which were
not passed due to the
overwhelming need by
congressmen to remain isolated
 The political cartoon in document
15 illustrates Wilson’s inability to
carry out his 14 points to a league
of nations without approval of
congress.
 D. With congresses failure to pass
Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points, the
League of Nations (Wilson’s idea)
were on their own to carry out
these difficult measures.
 Document 16 illustrates the father
of Psychoanalysis (Sigmund Freud)
in evaluating the primitive nature
of humankind and their ability to
murder regardless of being
civilized.
 J. The psychological scars of war
were studied by Freud which
illustrated the human need to
refrain from any future wars while
also illustrating the murderous
nature of mankind
 The response to the terrors of
poison gases in document 17
utilized in WWI was a reaction to
preventing these horrors and
atrocities from ever happening
again.
 Q. The technologies of war like gas
were finally done away with in the
Geneva accords to prevent the
future crimes and tragedies which
befell so many.
 Document 18 documents the
unintended consequence of war
which was the Spanish Influenza
and the toll it took on lives and
minds
 N. With so many casualties and
massive mobility of so many
nations (both colonies and
imperializes) the Spanish influenza
left its mark on the lost generation
contributing to the already painful
memories of the war to end all
wars