Transcript altDIGITIZING pres - Arizona State University

Digital Library Planning
and
Projects Guidelines
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Goals of the Process:
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Support Public Access
Improve Communication
Develop and Promote Minimum Standards
Provide Guidance
Identify Support Resources
Enhance Planning and implementation
Improve Coordination/Cooperation
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Structure
1. Selecting and Orienting Your Staff/
Team
2. Planning Your Project
3. Equipment and Software
4. Digitizing Your Materials
5. Describing and Cataloging Your
Materials
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Structure (ctd.)
6. Organizing Your Materials
7. Presenting Your Materials
8. Long-Term Storage and Maintenance
of the Digital File
9. Training/Orientation, FAQ
10. Maintenance and Sustainability
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Orienting Your Staff
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Educate your staff and administrators
Build common goals and understanding
Improve planning
Build common expectations
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Planning Your
Project
• Why are you digitizing your collection?
• Improve access to your unique
collections
• Decrease handling of the originals
• Increase public visibility
• Preservation of the original item/
image
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Equipment and Software
• Guidelines offer general specifications for:
• Hardware (computer equipment, scanners)
• Software (software to create digital files
and organize them into a database)
• Storage media for your files
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Describing And Cataloging
Your Materials
• Digital materials need to be described
and cataloged effectively to be
searched and retrieved
• Consistent, comprehensive description and
cataloging
• Accurate and consistent, using vocabulary
understood by both cataloger and user
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Organizing Your Materials
• Databases organize catalog information
and digital files into structured fields.
• Databases permits users to search and
retrieve information.
• Digital files must be organized to be
managed.
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Presenting Your Materials
• Making materials available to potential users.
• Stand-alone presentation on dedicated computers
• CD-ROM’s
• Internet/Web
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Long-term Storage and Maintenance
of Digital Files
• Digital image files are not “permanent.”
• They are unstable, and use fragile
storage media
• All digital files are transient
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Project Planning
Mission and Scope
• Purpose
• Audience
• Information to be conveyed to that
audience
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What Are Your Goals?
• What do you want the project to accomplish?
• Are you expanding outreach, improving
access to a wider audience?
• Do you want to improve preservation by
reducing handling of originals?
• How do your project goals fit into your
organization's larger strategic plan?
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Who Will Use the Information?
• Design for your intended audience
• Keep their needs in mind as you plan and
develop your project.
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What kind of information will the users want?
How will they use the information?
How will they want it packaged?
What level are their computer and Internet skills?
What technical specifications will be required to
view/use?
• Where are they located?
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What Resources Are Available?
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Hardware and software
Preserving original materials after digitizing
Managing back-up files
Description and cataloging
Design and development
Maintaining, revising, and updating
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Leadership and Coordination
• Who will do the work?
• Who is responsible for the project?
• One individual:
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Designated to manage the project
Empowered to make final decisions
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How Will Users Get Access?
• In-house use by patrons and staff
• Available on the Web
• Implications of access
• Cultural sensitivity
• Copyright, permissions and
ownership
• Technical requirements
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How Will Users Get Access? (ctd.)
• Design questions include:
• Protecting files from downloading - do you care?
• What software will you use?
• Who will create the Website?
• Who will maintain the data, equipment and
Website?
• How might the project grow and evolve?
• Can your current design accommodate?
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Copyright Issues, Who Owns
the Rights?
• Varies by country and use
• Published items protected under copyright for at least
75 years unless the rights are transferred.
• Copyright remains with the producer of the item,
his/her descendants, or designee, such as a
publisher or employer, and must be transferred in
writing.
• Unpublished material and that published after
January 1, 1923, is protected under current copyright
law. You should only reproduce such material with
permission of the copyright holder.
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Copyright Issues, Who Owns
the Rights? (ctd.)
• Donor agreements should include
transfer of rights for unpublished
material, and published material
produced after January 1, 1923
• Verify ownership and permissions
before use
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What Material Will You Digitize?
• Prioritization criteria
• Popularity
• Theme
• Size
• Physical condition
• Organizing and grouping material can
save significant time later in the
project
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Preservation
• Original materials
• Use project as an opportunity to house/store/preserve
your original, paper or source material
• Digital Files
• Manage the integrity of the data, not the storage media.
• Back-up and business continuity/disaster recovery
• Include resources to migrate the data - to verify and
transfer to new media every few years
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What Physical Facilities
Are Available?
• Scanning projects require adequate
space for computers, scanning devices,
printers, peripherals, people and
preservation even if only one person is
working on the project
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How Will You Store and
Maintain the Information?
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Storage media
Format
Back-up of data files
Storage space/file servers
Support staff
Review/revision processes
Hardware and software selection
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Describing and Cataloging
Your Materials
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Dublin Core Format
• Goals: to index, organize and maintain resources;
and to coordinate access
• Metadata - special vocabulary with shared structure
• Information is usually organized and stored in a
database to provide access and permit searching
• Develop taxonomy and schema for consistently
describing materials and content
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Database Selection and
Organization
• Databases are indexes that enable users to find
what they seek.
• Exportability means that your data can be
transferred to another database,
• Linking (connecting) your information within the
database or with other institutions.
• Simple structure and consistent cataloging and
data entry are keys to successful projects
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Metadata/Content Description
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Function - What will metadata do?
Who will create metadata
What metadata scheme will be used?
What encoding/cataloging process/strategy
will be used?
• What level of detail/granularity will be used?
• What vocabulary will be used?
• What authority control will be exercised?
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Description/Dublin Core
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Title
Subject and key words
Description
Publisher
Other Contributors
Date
Resource Type
Format
Resource Identifier
(catalog number, etc.)
• Source
• Language
• Relation (relationship to
other resources)
• Coverage (spatial
location and temporal
duration, etc.)
• Rights Management
• Notes
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Query Overview
User Interface applications
(Java, Visual Basic, C++)
Database organization
3D Query
Processor
Existing Data
Access Protocols
(ODBC, JDBC,XML)
Text search
Attribute
Tables
RDBMS
(Oracle, SQL Server, etc)
Custom 3D
Data objects
(Surfaces, Volumes)
Spatial Search
3D Indexes
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Presenting Your Materials
• Remember that you are designing for
your users and must consider their
experience, capabilities and interests in
developing your design.
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Organizing the Information
• Intellectual organization
• Function, subject, chronology, geography
• Physical organization
• Naming, hierarchy, grouping (such as
subdirectories)
• The name of each directory and file should
be meaningful
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Design for Usability:
• Screen and interface design are critical
effective digital projects
• Use simple and natural dialogue
• Be consistent
• Provide feedback
• Provide orientation, help and
documentation
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Contact Information:
Jeremy Rowe
PRISM Executive Committee
Director, Research, Strategic Planning and Policy
Information Technology
Arizona State University
Tempe, Arizona 85287-0101
480-965-8622
[email protected]
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