Transcript Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation

INSTRUCTIONS
 Take a copy of RT 8-1 on the bookshelf
in the back
 Take a copy of the 6-2 Notes
 Make sure your name is on the
worksheet and place your finished work
in the basket on the back bookshelf
 You have 10 minutes to do this
U.S. HISTORY
CHAPTER 6-2
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
TROUBLE THE NATION
U.S. RESPONSE TO EVENTS IN EUROPE
 In 1789, the French Revolution
began
 Most Americans supported the
Revolution as it was seen as a
struggle against tyranny
U.S. RESPONSE TO EVENTS IN EUROPE
 In 1793, a radical group called the
Jacobins seized power in France
 They launched the Reign of Terror,
beheading thousands of “enemies
of the state”
 They then declared war on other
monarchies, including Great Britain
U.S. RESPONSE TO EVENTS IN EUROPE
 The war between France and Britain
split the American people
 Democratic-Republicans wanted to
support France
 Federalists wanted to support Great
Britain
U.S. RESPONSE TO EVENTS IN EUROPE
 Washington took a middle position
and issued a Proclamation of
Neutrality
 This meant the United States would
support neither side
 Washington felt that entering a war
was not in the national interest
TREATY WITH SPAIN
 The United States had several unresolved
issues with Spain
1) Both the U.S. and Spain claimed land
southwest of the Appalachian mountains
2) The U.S. also wanted to gain shipping rights
on the Mississippi River
 The U.S. and Spain signed the Pinckney Treaty
in 1795
 In the treaty :
1)Spain gave up all claims to land
east of the Mississippi, except
Florida
2)Recognized the 31st Parallel as the
U.S.-Florida border
3)Opened up the Mississippi River to
the U.S. for travel
4)Allowed American traders use of
the port of New Orleans
 In the Treaty of Paris of 1783, which ended
the Revolutionary War, Great Britain gave the
U.S. its land rights west of the Appalachians
 Settlers poured into the West after the
Revolution
 This lead to Tennessee and Kentucky
becoming states in the 1790s
 The British, however, continued to maintain
forts in the Northwest Territory, in violation of
the Paris Treaty
NATIVE AMERICANS RESIST
WHITE SETTLERS
 Pioneers also conflicted
with Native Americans in
the Northwest Territory
 To gain control of the area,
the federal government
sent troops to try to
control the area
 They were defeated twice
by a chieftain of the Miami
Confederacy, Little Turtle
NATIVE AMERICANS RESIST
WHITE SETTLERS
 Washington sent
Revolutionary war hero
Anthony Wayne to handle
the situation
 Little Turtle urged his
people to seek peace, but
they replaced him
 Wayne defeated the
Shawnee, Ottawa, and
Chippewa at the Battle of
Fallen Timbers
 A year later the
Miami
Confederacy
signed the
Treaty of
Greenville
 It required the
Confederacy to
surrender most
of present day
Ohio
JAY’S TREATY
 When news of the Battle of Fallen
Timbers reached Great Britain, the
British signed the Jay Treaty of 1794
 They agreed to evacuate their posts in
the Northwest Territory
 Western settlers, however, were angry
that the treaty allowed the British to
continue their fur trade in the Northwest
Territory
FAREWELL ADDRESS
 Washington decided not to run for a 3rd
term
 This became a precedent that presidents
followed until 1940 and FDR
 In his farewell address Washington
warned the nation against entanglement
in the affairs of other countries
ADAMS PROVOKES CRITICISM
 The election of
1796, pitted
Federalist John
Adams
 against
DemocratRepublican
Thomas
Jefferson
 Due to the way the
Constitution was set
up, Adams became
President and
Jefferson V.P.
ADAMS PROVOKES CRITICISM
 The election showed the growing danger
of sectionalism
 Sectionalism is placing the interest of
one region over those of the nation as a
whole
 Almost all the southern electors voted
for Jefferson while the northern electors
voted for Adams
ADAMS TRIES TO AVOID WAR
 Relations with France turned hostile after the
signing of the Jay Treaty
 France viewed it as a violation of the French-
American alliance
 President Adams sent envoys to negotiate a
treaty with France
 When the American envoys arrived the French
demanded a $250,000 bribe to speak to the
French foreign minister
ADAMS TRIES TO AVOID WAR
 This angered Americans against the French
 It became known as the XYZ Affair
 In 1798, Congress created a navy
department and authorized American ships
to seize French vessels
 For the next two years there existed an
undeclared naval war with France
• http://www.ignitelearning.com/media.shtml
#eah
THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS
 Many Federalist believed that French
agents were plotting to overthrow the
U.S. government
 New immigrants, especially the Irish,
were vocal critics of the Adam’s proBritish policies
 In 1798, Congress passed four measures
which came to be know as the Alien and
Sedition Acts
THE ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS
 It made it a crime to speak or
publish anything false or malicious
against the federal government or
any of its officers
 Many Democrat-Republican editors,
publishers and politicians were put
in prison under the Acts
 The Acts was seen as a violation of
free of speech
VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY
RESOLUTIONS
 In protest of the Alien and Sedition Acts,
the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
were adopted
 The Kentucky Resolution was drafted by
Thomas Jefferson
 It argued for nullification
 This theory said a state could nullify
any law they deemed unconstitutional
VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY
RESOLUTIONS
 The Virginia Resolution was drawn
up by James Madison
 It said a state could disobey any act
of the federal government that
exceeded the authority granted to it
by the Constitution
 Other states denounced these
resolutions as a threat to the Union