Transcript Cardiovascular system - Mercer Island School District

Cardiovascular system
Jasmine Z., Will G., Macy M., Reid M.
Homeostasis
The circulatory system is composed of
vessels that take blood from the heart,
capillaries where exchange happens, and
vessels that give blood back to the heart.
There are two circuits that the blood goes
through: the pulmonary and systemic
circuits. The pulmonary system takes blood
through the lungs and gas exchange
happens and systemic system transports
blood through the body where exchange
with tissue fluid happens.
Arteriosclerosis
This is a common disease of the cardiovascular system that is caused by the
buildup of cholesterol, fat, or other substances in the artery wall. Accumulation
in the artery cause the vessel to narrow and stiffen, restricting the blood flow to
organs and tissues. Can be caused by diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood
pressure, and smoking.
Aortic Aneurysm
This disease occurs when a section
of the aorta bulges, swells, and
stretches. The bulge can weaken the
aorta to the point that it bursts,
releasing blood into the body. It can
be caused by high blood pressure,
high cholesterol, smoking, aging, and
a positive family history.
Number of chambers in the human heart
All mammals, including humans, have four
chambers in their heart: two atria and two
ventricles. The right atrium gets oxygenpoor blood from the body and pumps it into
the right ventricle, which then pumps the
blood to the lungs. The left atrium gets
oxygen rich blood from the lungs and gives
it to the left ventricle, which pumps the
blood into the body.
Pathway of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Deoxygenated blood goes through the right ventricle and right atrium in the
pulmonary circuit this goes to the lungs oxygenating the blood. Then oxygenated
blood goes through the left ventricle and left atrium through the systemic circuit.
This delivers blood everywhere else in your body and deoxygenates the blood.
How circulatory systems interact with respiratory and
digestive systems.
The respiratory system oxygenates the blood
allowing the blood to deliver oxygen all
throughout the body. The digestive system
digests nutrients and brings it to the bloodstream
where it will be delivered throughout your body.
Structural and functional differences of arteries and
veins
Artery
1. Vessels which carry blood from the heart to
various body parts
2. Arteries carry oxygenated blood from the
heart except pulmonary artery
3. Arteries have thick elastic muscular walls
4. Valves are absent
5. Blood flows under high pressure
Vein
1. Vessels which carry blood from the various
body parts to the heart
2. Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the
various body parts except pulmonary vein
3. Veins have thin non elastic walls
4. Valves are present to prevent the backward
flow of blood
5. Blood flows under low pressure.
The main function(s) of the body system
The circulatory system is the transport of
oxygen from the lungs to the cells. The
system has two basic parts: the pulmonary
circulation, and systemic circulation.
Pulmonary circulation takes blood to the lungs
to pick up oxygen, and systemic circulation
takes the oxygenated blood throughout the
body. Along the way, the blood picks up
nutrients, attacks diseases and gathers waste
for eventual elimination.
The main organs (or cell types) of this system and the function of each part
The Heart: The heart consists of four hollow chambers – two
ventricles and two atria. All four chambers work like pumps and
push blood throughout your body. The blood that moves
towards the heart enters it through the atria and then goes out
to your body through the ventricles.
The Blood Vessels: The blood vessels are one of the most
important circulatory system organs. Your blood vessels allow
blood to flow quickly from one region to another and then allow
it to come back to your heart.
The Blood: Your heart pumps blood throughout your body and
travels through thousands of miles, mainly because it has to
move through the network of blood vessels within your body.
Your blood is an amazing substance that carries water,
nutrients, waste products and oxygen to and from your body
cells.
The Lungs: Your lungs aren't technically a part of circulatory
system organs, but they really help make it possible for your
heart to function correctly. Your lungs provide oxygen for your
body.
Components of the blood
-Red Blood Cells: Make up 40% of blood’s
volume, carries oxygen from lungs and delivers
it to body tissues.
-Plasma: Liquid component of blood.
-White Blood Cells: Defends body against
infections
-Platelets: Smaller than red and white blood
cells. Platelets help seal blood vessels at a
bleeding site.
Explanation of the Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the force pushing outwards on
arterial walls. Pressure is created when blood is
pumped out of the heart and when the heart is at
rest. When blood is pumped at a higher rate and
with more force, blood pressure increases.
Sources
http://www.texasheart.org/HIC/Anatomy/
http://mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/maderbiology/supp/homeo.html
http://www.md-health.com/Circulatory-System-Diseases.html
http://www.webmd.com/heart/chambers-of-the-heart
https://sites.google.com/a/apps.svsu.org/waterwheel-science/home/thecirculatory-system/circulatory-system-working-with-other-systems
https://www.reference.com/science/main-function-circulatory-system-b0f2487b1ce21397
http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/Circulatory-System-Organs.html