Transcript UNIT 5

UNIT 5
Process (‫)العملية‬1
Function and Ability
(‫)العمل والقدرة‬
Parts of a car and their functions
• Windscreen wiper
( cleans the windscreen)
• Battery
( stores electricity)
• Steering wheel
(steers the car)
• Brake
( stops the car)
• Gearbox
(controls the car speed)
• Engine
(provides the power)
• Dynamo
(generates electricity)
• Radiator
(stores the cooling liquid)
First ask and answer the question.
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•
•
•
Examples:
What does the windscreen wiper do?
It cleans the windscreen.
What does a battery do?
It stores electricity.
Now ask and answer the question in
other way
•
•
•
•
Examples:
What is the windscreen used for?
It is used for cleaning the windscreen.
What is a battery used for?
It is used for storing electricity.
Now write sentences like the following.
•
•
The windscreen serves to clean the
windscreen.
The battery serves to store electricity.
Apparatus for distilling alcohol
Apparatus for distilling alcohol
The
function
of
1. the thermometer
4. conduct the cool water in.
2. the stopper
3. heat the liquid.
3. the Bunsen burner
7. collect the condensed alcohol.
4. the tube at the top
1. measure the temperature of
of the condenser
is to
the solution.
5. the cool water
6. conduct the cool water away.
6. the tube at the bottom
8. support the apparatus.
of the condenser
7. the beaker
5. cool the vaporised alcohol
8. the tripod
2. hold the thermometer.
Provide (‫زود‬
ُ ‫)ي‬
ُ
ّ ُ‫ )ي‬Conduct (‫يرشد‬,‫ )يَجري‬Control ( ‫يسيرر لل‬
The water-supply ( ‫)ماء تجهيز‬provides water.
The water-pipe (‫)اإلنبوب‬
conducts water from the water
ُ
supply to the tap.
The tap (ُ‫ )الحنفية‬controls the supply of water.
Now Complete these.
a) The electricity supply provides electricity.
b) The bulb supplies light.
c) The wire conducts electricity fro electric supply to the light.
d) The switch controls the supply of electricity.
e) The gas-supply provides gas.
f) The burner supplies heat.
g) The rubber pipe conducts gas from the gas-tap to the burner.
h) The gas-tap controls the supply of gas.
Section 2 Instruments (‫)اآلالت‬
Clock
Thermometer
Barometer
Telescope
Microscope
Balance
Sink
Stand
Funnel
Test-tube
Burner
Cupboard
Section 2
Complete these sentences by adding the names of objects
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
A thermometer is an instrument for measuring temperature.
A telescope is a device for looking at distant objects.
A sink is a place for washing things.
A burner is a device for supplying heat.
A balance is an instrument for weighing things.
A test-tube is a device for holding chemicals during experiments.
A cupboard is a place for storing things.
A microscope is an instrument for looking at very small things.
A funnel is a device fir pouring liquids.
A barometer is an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
A tap is a device for controlling the supply of water.
A stand is a device for supporting things during experiments.
Controls for driving a car(‫)يسيررة لدافع ِة يسيارة‬
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The door handle
The steering wheel
The seat adjustor
The gear leaver
The accelerator pedal
The clutch pedal
The oil pressure gauge
The water temperature
gauge
• The speedometer
• The starter switch
• ‫الباب‬
‫مقبض‬
َ
• ‫دوالب القيادة‬
• ‫المقعد‬adjustor
• ‫التارك العظيم‬
• ‫دوايسة البنزين‬
ّ
• ‫دوايسة الفاص َل‬
َ ‫ضغر النف‬
• ‫ر‬
‫مقياس‬
ِ
• ‫مقياس درج ِة حرارة الما َء‬
• ‫لدّاد اليسرلة‬
• ‫ئ‬
َ ‫مفتاح المبد‬
Controls for driving a car
1. The door handle
8. check the temperature.
2. The steering wheel
7. stop the car.
3. The seat adjustor
2. steer the car.
4. The gear lever
5. The accelerator pedal
6. The clutch pedal
enables the 8. check the oil pressure.
driver to
6. change gear.
(‫ق‬
ُ ‫يُمكّنُ السائ‬
11. start the engine.
‫)إلى‬
7. The brake pedal
10. check the speed.
8. The oil pressure gauge
1. 1 get in and out.
9. The water temperature gauge
5. control the speed.
10. The speedometer
3. adjust the seat.
11. The starter switch
4. operate the gear lever.
Section 3 Ability and Capacity (‫)القدرة‬
Living things
Inanimate objects
an elephant
a bottle
a bat
a rock
a fish
a plane
a plant
a car
Can a cell
a bird
a ball
a cloud
a human being an atom
a snake
an amoeba
Action which they can do /
cannot do
speak
think
bite (‫)يَ ْعض‬
see
hear
feel (‫ْعر‬
ُ ‫)يَش‬
swim
move
walk
eat
divide (‫س ُم‬
ّ ‫)يُق‬
grow (‫)يَ ْنمو‬
fly
lift things (‫)يَ ْرف َع األشيا َء‬
change shape (‫)يُغيّ ُر شكلا‬
reproduce (‫)يُعيدُ إنتاج‬
sleep upside down (‫)ن ْم رأسا ا على عقب‬
breathe(‫س‬
ُ ّ‫)يَتنف‬
Make true sentences from this table
All
animals
living things
Some inanimate objects
human beings
No
cells
plants
can
swim
fly
divide
reproduce
change shape
speak
• All animals can reproduce.
• Some animals can speak.
• No inanimate object can speak. etc
Look at the examples.
Plants can grow = plants are able to grow.
plants have the ability to grow.
plants have the capacity to grow.
plants are capable of growing.
Write full sentences in answer to these questions.
• What living things are capable of flying? Birds
• What animals have the capacity to sleep upside down?
The bat.
• What living things can swim? Fish
• What inanimate objects have the capacity to fly? Plane.
• What living things are capable of feeling? Animals
• What living things have the ability to think? Human
beings
• What inanimate objects are capable of changing
shape? Flexible objects.
• What living things are able to reproduce? All
• What living things cannot walk? Plants and some
animals.
• What inanimate objects are capable of moving? A car
Section 4
Function in human body
Ears ( for hearing)
Brain (controls the nervous system)
Eyes (for seeing)
Nose (for smelling)
Mouth (for eating & speaking)
Arteries (conduct blood away from the heart)
Veins (conduct blood back to the heart)
Lungs (for breathing – oxygenate the blood)
Heart (pumps the blood round the body)
Liver (stores glycogen)
Stomach (digests protein)
Legs (support the body)
Nerves (conduct impulses from the brain)
Complete these sentences:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
Our eyes help us to see.
With the help of our mouths we are able to speak and eat.
Our ears are organs for hearing .
With the help of our noses we can smell things.
Our lungs enable us to breathe.
The lugs serve to oxygenate the blood.
The function of the heart is to circulate the blood.
The heart acts as a pump for the blood.
The stomach is used for digesting protein.
The liver is a place for glycogen.
The legs act as a support for the body.
The function of the nerves is to conduct impulses from the brain.
The function of the brain is to control the nervous system.
The veins conduct blood back to the heart.
The arteries serve to conduct the blood away from the heart.
Section 5
Reading
Read the text which of the titles is most
suitable and why:
 The structure of systems in the human body.
 The location of systems in the human body.
 The function of systems in the human body.
 The properties of systems in the human body.
The human body is made up of…
The human body is made up of a number of
different systems. Each system has a separate
function, but some work together. One system is
the skeleton, which serves to support the body
and protect the internal organs. The respiratory
system enables us to breathe and take oxygen
into the blood, which moves around the body by
means of the circulatory system. The digestive
system enables us to take in food needed for
growth. Waste matter is ejected from the body by
means of the urinary system.
 Circle the names of systems and under
line their functions.
The endocrine system consists of….




The endocrine system consists of various glands,
such as the thyroid, sex and adrenal glands. The
function of these glands is to secrete chemicals,
known as hormones, into the blood. These
hormones control various processes in the body,
such as growth, sexual activities and digestion.
The nervous system controls the other systems
and enables human beings to think.
What does the endocrine system consist of?
What is the function of glands? (‫)الغدّد‬
What do the hormones control? (‫يسيرر لليه‬
ُ ‫)ي‬
ُ
Which system controls other systems?
Each system is made up of organs………
• Each system is made up of organs. The lungs,
for example, are part of respiratory system.
The heart is an organ in the circulatory system.
The liver functions as part of the digestive
system and other systems.
 Underline the names of systems and circle the
ْ
related parts. (.َ‫وأحر األجزاء ذات االلعالقة‬
‫)أ َ ّك ْد أيسما َء األنظم ِة‬
Every organ……..
• Every organ (‫ )العضو‬is composed of (‫)متكون من‬
ّ
several kinds of tissues (‫)ألنيسجة‬. Epithelial
tissue, which includes the skin, forms a
covering over organs. Connective tissue
supports and holds together the parts of the
body and includes bone and cartilage. Other
types of tissues include nerve tissue and bold
tissue.
• Underline the names of tissues.
All tissue consists of cells.
• All tissue consists of cells.
These are so small that they
are measured in thousandths
of a millimeter and can only
be seen with a microscope.
Each cell is covered with a
thin membrane which
surrounds a nucleus, and a
jelly-like substance, called
cytoplasm. This in turn
contains minute particles,
each with its own special
functions.
Describe the following with the help of the words in brackets
a) An organ……………………..(structure)
An organ is composed of several kinds of tissues.
b) Epithelial tissue…………..(function)
Epithelial tissue forms a covering over organs.
c) Connective tissue……….(function)
Connective tissue supports and holds parts of body
together.
d) Tissue………………… ……..(structure)
All tissue consists of cells.
e) Cells…………………………..(measurement)
Cells are measured in thousandths of millimeter.
f) A cell ……………………..….(structure)
A cell consists of a nucleus and cytoplasm.
g) Cytoplasm……………...…(property)
Cytoplasm is a jelly like substance.