Transcript 16 - Nutrition

Respiratory System
 Write the BLACK
 Read the RED
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
Follow along on pg. 99 of workbook
Functions of the Respiratory System
 bring O2 (oxygen) into the body and excretes
CO2 (carbon dioxide) a by-product of cellular
respiration
 Cells can’t burn nutrients for E without
oxygen (O2) (like a candle under a cup)
 Cellular Respiration =in mitochondria
Nutrients + oxygen  E + carbon dioxide +
water
The air we breathe
The air we inhale is :
Nitrogen (N)
78%
Oxygen (O2)
21%
Carbon Dioxide 0.04%
The air we exhale is:
Nitrogen
78%
Oxygen
16%
Carbon Dioxide 5%
Other gases
Other
< 1%
<1%
Using pg. 173 of textbook, fill in pg. 99 of
workbook
Check your answers
1. Nose
2. Nasal passage
3. Trachea
4. Lungs
5. Pharynx
6. Epiglottis
7. Larynx
8. Bronchi
 Lung model
Nasal passages
o Function:
o hairs filter air
o mucus warms and moistens air
The Pharynx (throat)
• Function:
• air  trachea and food 
esophagus.
• When swallowing, epiglottis
seals trachea.
Larynx (voice box)
• Function:
• Carries air
• produces sound
• The epiglottis closes when
food is swallowed blocking
the airway (no sound)
Naturally 7- vocal range
Warning:
 Next slide is a bit graphic
Trachea
• Function:
• filters with cilia
larynx
trachea
trachea
bronchus
• warms and moistens with
mucus.
• Cartilage rings = keep it rigid
and open.
Cartilage rings
Collapsed
esophagus
Lungs
Snot Fair Activity
 10 ml of water
 10 ml of corn syrup
 1 drops of food colour
 100 ml beaker.
 1.5 g of gelatine
 pencil shavings
 Add 10 ml water, 10 ml corn syrup and 1 drops of food
colour into 100 ml beaker.
 Weigh out 1.5 g of gelatine, mix, and heat mixture until
the gelatine has dissolved
 Carefully remove the heated beaker and stir until
mixture is cool. It will thicken as it cools (about 20
minutes).
 Pour a small amount onto your palm and add a sprinkle
of pencil shavings. Watch what happens.
Bronchi
• Function:
trachea
• Carry air to and from
lungs.
• Branches into bronchioles
bronchioles
bronchi
Lungs
 Function:
 gas exchange between body and external world
The lungs

There are 2 lungs
which are not identical.
Why?
Homework pg. 100 in workbook
Lab #55 Physical activity and Respiratory
Rhythm
Australian resp. movie
Follow along on pg. 101 in workbook
REMEMBER?????
 Air = mix of gases, gases are compressible=
volume can increase or decrease
 Changes in volume = changes in P
 Fluids ALWAYS flow from high P to low P
Use pg. 175 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of
workbook (top chart)
Check Your Answers
Inhaling
The
1. Intercostal muscles and
Respiratory
system
diaphragm
contract
2. Ribs rise, diaphragm lowers=
increase size of rib cage
3. Lung volume increases
4. Air pressure inside lungs =
decreases (lower than outside)
5. O2 rich air flows into lungs
until pressure is equal
Inhaling
The
1. Intercostal muscles and
Respiratory
system
diaphragm
relax
2. Ribs lower, diaphragm rises =
decrease size of rib cage
3. Lung volume decreases
4. Air pressure inside lungs =
increases (higher than outside)
5. CO2 rich air flows from lungs
to outside until pressure is equal
Use pg. 176 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of
workbook (bottom picture)
Check Your Answers
 Bronchiole
 Network capillaries
 Alveolus
 O2 into blood
 CO2 from blood
 capillary
Gas Exchange- Inhale
 the alveoli are filled with air.
 Lungs = higher concentration of oxygen (O2)
than blood
 the oxygen diffuses (a movement of particles)
from lungs blood and attaches to the red blood
cells (RBC’s).
Gas Exchange- Exhale
 Blood = higher concentration of carbon dioxide
(CO2) than the lungs
 Carbon dioxide diffuses from blood  lungs
where it is excreted (process of eliminating
waste) as we exhale.
Discussion pg. 195 in textbook, Q 7-9
Let’s go for a smoke activity
Materials needed:
1 clear - not colored bottle
2 moistened cotton balls
1 length of clear tubing
1 cigarette and lighter
Procedure:
1. place the moistened cotton balls inside before recapping the bottle.
2. Insert tubing so that it runs into the bottom of the bottle.
(the other end of the tip protrudes from the top)
3. insert one cigarette into the protruding tip end of tubing
(you may have to scrunch the cigarette a bit). Light the
cigarette – then very gently begin squeezing the bottle
to simulate "breathing."
Homework questions
 1) What parts of the respiratory system are
represented by: the bottle, tube, cotton balls?
 2) What (be specific) is causing the observed colour
change?
 3) What chemicals and substances are found in
cigarettes (first 5 ONLY) ?
 4) What is nicotine?
 5) Describe what you did and what you observed?
Supplement your answer with your knowledge from
class. (this q =approx ½ page)
Homework: pg. 102 of workbook
DIGESTIVE
RESPIRATORY
WHAT IT DOES food--> nutrients oxygen (O2) in
broken down by:
carbon dioxide
mechanical- chew, (CO2) out
churn, peristalsis
chemical- acids,
enzymes, pepsin
HOW IT LINKS
nutrients
O2 taken by
absorbed in
blood to cells
small intestine
as needed to
go into blood to
burn nutrients
be taken to cells
for E
CO2 produced by
cells taken to
lungs by blood
 Bill Nye- Respiration