Transcript cells - Sewanhaka Central High School District

7A MP3 Review
1. What are the steps
of the scientific
method?
• Problem
• Gather information
• Hypothesis
• Experiment
• Observation
• Conclusion
• Repeat
2. What can be
done to make
the experiment
more valid?
• Repeat
• Increase
sample size
3. A student wanted to test whether salt affects the
growth of plants. He gave 10 Plants in group A water and
10 Plants in group B water with 5mg of salt. After 2 weeks
the plants in Group B Died.
a. Independent variable
•salt
b. Dependent variable
•growth
c. Control group
•Plant A
d. Experimental group
•Plant B
e. 3 Constants
•Type of plant, sunlight, temperature, amount of soil
4. What is the length of the object below?
• 8.9 cm
5. What is the volume of the liquid below?
•73mL
6. A student placed 10.5 mL of water into
a graduated cylinder. An object was
placed into the same graduated cylinder.
The water level went up to 16.5 mL. What
is the volume of the object?
•16.5 – 10.5 =
•6.0 mL
7. Determine the volume of an object
with the following dimensions:
L = 1.56 cm w = 4.3 cm H = 1.757
•V = l x w x h
•V = 1.56 cm x 4.3 cm x 1.757 cm
•11.78
•V = 11.8 cm3
8. Determine the density of an object with a mass of 156.3g
and a volume of 45.2mL. Show all work.
•D = m = 156.3g = 3.457 = 3.5 g/mL
45.2mL
v
a. Does the object float or sink in water?
Why?
• Sinks because its more dense than water
b. If this object is cut in half, what is the
density of each half?
• It will remain the same
9. An object is observed in the field of
view below. In which direction should you
move the slide in order to center the
image?
object is observed in the field of vie
•left
10. The diameter of the field of view is 2000
um. What is the length of the object in this field
of view?
a. Millimeters:
•1 mm
b. Micrometers:
•1000 um
11. The diameter of the field of view is 5000
um. What is the length of one of these objects?
a. Millimeters =
•1.25 mm
b. Micrometers =
•1250 um
12. What is the diameter of the field of
view below?
a. In millimeters =
• 7.0 mm
b. In micrometers =
• 7000.0 um
CHEMISTRY
13. Identify the part
of an atom being
described:
a. Positive charge
• proton
b. Found moving
around nucleus
• electron
c. Negative charge
• electron
d. Found in the nucleus
• Protons and neutrons
e. No charge
• neutrons
f. Smallest mass
• Electron
14. A. A solution is made using sugar and water.
a. Solute
• sugar
b. Solvent
• Water
B. Describe 1 way to increase the solubility of
this solution.
• Heat it up
15. Use the solubility graph to answer
the following questions.
a. How many grams of sugar can
dissolve in 100mL of water at
50°C?
•260g
b. How many grams of salt can
dissolve in 100mL of water at
10°C?
•40 g
c. At 20°C, how many grams of sugar can be dissolved in 100mL
of water?
•200g
d. Which substance has a greater solubility at 60°C?
•sugar
16. Identify 2 examples of a physical property.
• Color, mass, texture, shape, odor
17. Identify 2 examples of a chemical property.
• Flammability, reactivity, rusting
18. Identify 2 examples of a physical change.
• Melting, tearing, crushing, evaporation
19. Identify 2 examples of a chemical change.
• Rusting, burning
20. Identify the phase of d. Identify the phases
matter being described of matter below:
below:
a. molecules very far
apart, move very fast
• Gas
solid liquid gas
b. molecules slide past
each other
• Liquid
c. molecules packed
tightly together
• Solid
21. For each phase change below, identify
how the material is changing.
a. Melting
• Solid  liquid
b. Freezing
• Liquid  solid
c. Evaporation
• Liquid  gas
d. Condensation
• Gas  liquid
22. Use the heating curve to answer
the following questions.
a.What is the melting point?
•70°C
b. At what temp does the
substance start evaporating?
•140°C
c. What is the boiling point?
•140°C
d. Between what letters are all phase changes occurring?
• B & C AND D & E
d. What is happening to the molecules as time increases?
• Moving faster and farther apart
23. Identify the parts of the
periodic table being
described below
a. rows
• periods
b. columns
• Groups/families
c. Group 18
• Noble Gases
d. Brittle
• Nonmetals
e. Group 1
• Alkali Metalsf
e. Good conductors
• metals
g. All elements to the left of the
zig zag line
• Metals
h. Elements to the right of the
zig zag line
• Nonmetals
i. Ductile & malleable
• Metals
j. On zig zag line
• Semi-metals/metalloids
k. Have luster
• Metals
l. May have properties of both
metals and nonmetals
• Semi-metals/metalloids
24.
a. Atomic #
• 54
b. Atomic mass
• 131.293
c. # of protons
• 54
d. mass #
• 131
e. # of neutrons
• 77
CLASSIFICATION
25. What are the 7 levels of classification
from largest to smallest?
•Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family,
genus, species
26. How do we name organisms?
•Genus species
27.
KINGDOM
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
1. Archaebacteria
Unicelluar
Prokaryotic
extreme environments
2. Eubacteria
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Bacteria found
everywhere
3. Protists
Unicellular
Eukaryotic
ameba, paramecium
4. Fungi
Mostly multicellular
Heterotrophs
mushroom, mold, yeast
5. Plants
Multicellular
Autotrophs
trees, grass
6. Animals
Multicellular
Heterotrophs
humans, dogs, insects
CELLS
28. Which scientists stated that:
a. All animals are made of cells
• Schwann
b. All plants are made of cells
• Schleiden
c. all cells come from other cells
•Virchow
29. Identify the organelle being
described:
a. Semi-permeable
• Cell membrane
b. Holds organelles in place
• cytoplasm
c. Controls the cell
• nucleus
d. Gives a plant cell its shape.
• Cell wall
e. Package and ship materials out.
• Golgi bodies
f. Produce proteins.
• Ribosomes
m. Channels in cytoplasm that
transport materials.
• ER
g. Contain enzymes that
break down materials
• lysosomes
h. Carry out photosynthesis
• Chloroplasts
i. Helps animal cells divide
• Centrioles
j. Produces ribosomes
• Nucleolus
k. Carries out respiration
• Mitochondria
l. Stores materials
• Vacuole
30. Label the cell
organelles
below.
33. Label the cell organelles below.
ER
ribosomes G
chloroplast
H
I
golgi bodies
N
F
Cell wall E
Cell membrane D
nucleolus C
mitochondria
O
B
cytoplasm A
J vacuole
K DNA
L nucleus
M
W
nuclear
membrane
vacuoles
mitochondria
O
P
lysosomes
centrioles
Q
N
J
R
golgi bodies
K
S
cell
membrane
L
M
T
W
ER
cytoplasm
V
U
nuclear nucleus
membrane
31. What are the 5 levels of
organization in a multicellular
organism from smallest to largest?
• Cells  tissues  organs  organ
systems  organism
32. What are the 2 types of passive transport?
• Diffusion & osmosis
33. Explain 2 differences between passive and active transport.
• Passive = no energy, high low, with concentration gradient
• Active = energy, low  high, against concentration gradient
34. Which way does water move when a cell is placed in salt
water?
• Out of the cell
35. Which way does water move when a cell is placed in
distilled water?
• Into the cell
RESPIRATION
36. Where does respiration occur?
• Mitochondria
37. What are the differences between aerobic
respiration and anaerobic respiration?
• Aerobic = oxygen required, makes 36 ATP
• Anaerobic = oxygen not requires, makes 2 ATP
38. Identify the 2 types of anaerobic respiration and
in what organism each occurs.
• Lactic acid ferm = human muscles when they un
out of oxygen
• Alcoholic ferm = yeast
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
1. Identify the nutrient
being described:
a. build and repair
• Proteins
b. Primary source of
energy
• Carbohydrates
c. Store energy
• Lipids
d. What makes up
most of the body
• Water
e. Regulate body
functions
• Vitamins and minerals
f. makes up most of
the body
• Water
2. a. Label the parts of the digestive system.
mouth
esophagus
liver
gall bladder
small intestine
stomach
pancreas
Large intestine
rectum
b. How is energy measured in food?
• Calories
c. How does chemical digestion occur in the mouth?
• Salivary amylase breaks down starch  sugar
d. How does mechanical digestion occur in the
mouth?
• Teeth break down food into smaller pieces
e & f. How does chemical digestion occur in the
stomach?
• Enzyme breaks down proteins
g. Where does digestion end?
• Small intestine
3. Where are villi located? What is the
function of the villi?
• Villi in the small intestine.
• Absorb nutrients into blood.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
4.
BLOOD
VESSEL
a. arteries
b. veins
FUNCTION
-carry blood away from heart
-pulse
-carry blood to heart
c. capillaries -allow materials to be exchanged by
diffusion
-connect arteries to veins
PARTS OF
FUNCTIONS
THE BLOOD
a. Red blood -carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
cells
b. White blood -protect the body against disease
cells
c. platelets
- help blood clot
d. plasma
-liquid part that transports materials
55. Label the parts of the heart below.
aorta
valve
Right
atrium
left
atrium
valve
valve
right
ventricle
left
ventricle
septum
6. What kind of blood does the right
side of the heart receive? Where did it
just come from? Where does it pump
blood to?
• Deoxygenated, from the body, to the
lungs
7. What kind of blood does the left side
of the heart receive? Where did it just
come from? Where does it pump
blood to?
• Oxygenated, from the lungs, to the
body
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
8. a. Label the diagram below.
Nasal cavity
mouth
larynx
lung
bronchi
pharynx
trachea
Bronchi
bronchiole
diaphragm
alveoli
b. Where does gas exchange happen?
• Alveoli
c. What 3 things happens in the resp system when you
inhale?
• Diaphragm moves down (contracts)
• Air pressure decreases.
• Rib cage expands.
d. What 3 things happens in the resp system when you
exhale?
• Diaphragm moves up (relaxes)
• Air pressure increases.
• Rib cage contracts.
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
9. a. Label the diagram below.
kidneys
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
a. What is excretion?
• Removal of cellular (metabolic) wastes
b. Why is the liver part of the excretory
system?
• Produces Urea and detoxifies body
c. What are the three functions of the
kidneys?
• Filters blood, maintains water balance,
produces urine
NERVOUS & ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS
10. What is homeostasis?
• Maintaining a stable, internal environment
11. A message sent by the nervous system is called an
• Impulse
12. A change in the environment which causes a response is
called a
• Stimulus
13. The sense organs that pick up a stimulus is called a
• Receptor
14. Muscles of glands that carry out a response are called
• Effectors
15. How does an impulse travel through a synapse?
• The terminal branches release neurotransmitters into the
synapse that carry the impulse across to next neuron.
16. Label the neuron below.
dendrites
Cell body/cyton
nucleus
Schwann cells
axon
Terminal
branches
17. Fill in the chart below.
PARTS OF THE BRAIN
FUNCTION
a.Cerebrum
Voluntary activities
Senses
Thinking, memory,
reasoning, intelligence
Balance
Involuntary activities
b. Cerebellum
c. medulla
18. The central nervous system is made
up of the
• Brain and spinal cord
19. The nerves that branch of the spinal
cord make up the _________ nervous
system.
• peripheral
20. How do hormones travel to muscle
cells?
• Blood
21. A. Draw a line from the name of the gland to its picture. B. Draw a
line from the picture of the gland to its function.
IMMUNE SYSTEM
22. What is a pathogen?
• Disease causing organism
23. What makes up the bodys 1st line of
defense?
• Skin, saliva, mucus, cilia, gastric juice
24. How do antibodies protect the body
against disease?
• Attach to antigen and slow it down so WBC’s
can kill it
25. Explain the differences between passive
and active immunity?
• Passive = Temporary, get antibodies from
someone else
• Active = permanent, make own antibodies
26. Explain the differences between an infectious
and noninfectious disease.
• Infectious = caused by pathogen, can be spread
• Noninfectious = not caused by pathogen, cannot
be spread
27. How does HIV affect the body?
• Attacks T-cells  destroys immune system
SKELETAL & MUSCULAR SYSTEMS
28. What is the difference between a ligament
and tendon?
• Ligaments connect bone to bone.
• Tendons connect muscle to bone.
29. Identify where cartilage is located in the
body.
• body parts (ears and nose)
• Between vertebrae
• ends of bones
• skeleton of newborn
30. What are the 5 functions of the
skeletal system?
• Movement
• Shape
• Protection
• Produces blood cells
• Stores materials (calcium &
phosphorus)
31. Fill in the chart below.
TYPE OF
MUSCLE
VOLUNTARY/
STRIATED/
INVOLUNTARY NONSTRIATED LOCATION
A. skeletal
Voluntary
Striated
Attached to
bones
B. smooth
Involuntary
Nonstriated
C. cardiac
Involuntary
Striated
Digestive
system,
blood
vessels…
heart