Transcript Ch 6 Anatomy Power Point Blank Outline

Anatomy ______________________________
______________________________
Physiology ______________________________
______________________________
Histology – study of tiny structures
found in living tissues
CELLS:
basic units of all living things
Cell Structures:
protoplasm - colorless jelly-like substance
nucleus - center of cell, responsible for reproduction
cytoplasm - surrounds nucleus
cell membrane - acts like balloon to contain protoplasm, acts like a filter for the
cell
Reproduction & Division:
Mitosis - ______________________________________________________
2 Phases of Metabolism:
Anabolism - ___________________________________________________
Catabolism - __________________________________________________
Tissue:
_____________________________________
5 types:
Connective - ______________________________
Epithelial - _______________________________
Liquid - _________________________________
Muscular - _______________________________
Nerve - _________________________________
Organs:
___________________________________________________________
Brain
Eyes
Heart
Kidneys
Lungs
Liver
Skin
Stomach
Body Systems:
__________________________________
______ Systems in the body:
Circulatory
Digestive
Endocrine
Excretory
Integumentary
Lymphatic/ Immune
Muscular
Nervous
Reproductive
Respiratory
Skeletal
Skeletal System:
__________________________________
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______Bones
______- means ____________
_______________ – __________________________
Bone is the hardest tissue in the body – teeth being the
strongest
 1/3 organic matter & 2/3 mineral matter
 Joint – connection of 2 or more bones
Functions:
 ______________________________________________
 ______________________________________________
 Attachments for muscles / acts as levers to produce body
movements
 Produce white & red blood cells
_______________________________________________
Bones of the Face:
Nasal
Lacrimal
Zygomatic or Malar
Maxillae
Mandible
Bone of the Neck:
Hyoid
Cervical Vertebrae
Bones of the
Thorax
Ribs
Scapula
Sternum
Clavicle
Chest,Shoulder & Back:
Bones of the Arms / Hands
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpus
Metacarpus
Phalanges / Digets
Bones of the Leg / Foot:
Femur
Fibula
Patella
Talus
Tarsal
Metatarsal
Phalanges
Key Medical Terminoligy:
Superior - ______________________
Inferior - ______________________
Exterior / External - ______________
Interior / Internal - ______________
Posterior - _____________________
Anterior - _____________________
Orb / orbicularis - _______________
Oculi - ___________
Oris- _______________
Epi - ________________________
Labii / labial - _________________
Zygomatic - __________________
Auricularis - _________________
Procerus - __________________
Buccinator - ________________
Peripheral - _________________
Dorsal - ___________________
Superficial - ____________________
Muscular System -
*_____________________________________
*_____________________________________
*_____________________________________
*_____________________________________
*_____________________________________
*3 types of muscles
1)Striated - __________________________________
2)Non-striated - _______________________________
3)Cardiac - _______________________
*3 parts to a muscle
1) origin- _____________________________________
2) insertion - __________________________________
3) belly - _____________________________________
*_____________________________________________
___________________________
___________________________
Muscles of the Scalp:
Epicranius - covers top of skull
Occipitalis - back
Frontalis - front
Epicranial aponeurosis - tendon that connects occipitalis to
frontalis
Muscles of the Ear:
Auricularis superior
Auricularis anterior
Auricularis posterior
Muscles of Mastication (chewing):
Masseter
temporalis
Muscles of the Neck:
Platysma
______________________________
Muscles of the Eyebrow:
_________________
_____________________________
Muscles of the Nose:
Procerus
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Nervous System:
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
*3 principal components
_______________
_______________
_______________
*3 main subdivisions
Central - _________________________________
Peripheral - _______________________________
Autonomic - ______________________________
*Brain - ___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
*Spinal Cord - originates in the brain and travels down the body, protected by the spinal column, 31
pairs of nerves extend from spinal cord
*Neuron aka Nerve Cell
*Dendrites - tree like branches of nerve fibers
*Axon - sends impulses
*Nerves - _________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Nerves of the Head, Face & Neck:
*Fifth cranial nerve - ___________________________
-______________________________
3 Branches:
Opthalmic – forehead / eye area
Mandibular – lower face
Maxillary – upper face
__________________________________________________
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Circulatory System
aka
______________________________
2 Divisions:
Blood Vascular & Lymph Vascular
Blood Vascular:
Heart, Arteries, Veins, & Capillaries
Lymph Vascular:
Lymphatics, Lymph nodes, Lymph
The Heart –
_____________________________________________
*____________________________
*beats 72-80 times per min
Blood Vessels
_____________________________________________
Ateries ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Veins ____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Capillaries - __________________________________________________________
Blood:
• ________________________________
• ________________________________
• ________________________________
• ________________________________
• ________________________________
• ________________________________
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Chief Functions of the Blood
*___________________________________________
*___________________________________________
through the lungs, skin, kidneys, and large intestines
*____________________________________________
*____________________________________________
*____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Lymph Vascular
*lymph is circulated through the lymphatic vessels and
filtered by the lymph nodes
*____________________________________________
*carry nourishment from the blood to the body cells
*act as defense against invading microorganisms & toxins
*____________________________________________
*provide a fluid environment for cells
Superficial temporal artery is a continuation of the
external carotid artery
Some of its important branches:
*Frontal artery- forehead, upper eyelid
*Parietal artery - sides & crown of head
*Transverse facial artery - skin & masseter
*Middle temporal artery - temples
*Anterior auricular artery - front of ear
*Occipital artery - back of head
*Posterior auricular artery - behind & above ear
Veins of the Head, Face, and Neck:
2 Principal Veins:
Internal Jugular & External Jugular
The most important veins of the head, face, and neck are
parallel to the arteries and take the same name as the
arteries
Endocrine System:
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
*Exocrine glands - _______________
_____________________________________________
*Endocrine glands - ________________
____________________________________________
Digestive System:
*Also called gastrointestinal
*Responsible for breaking down food into
nutrients & waste
*entire food digestion process usually takes
about 9 hours to complete
Excretory System:
*purifying the body by eliminating waste matter
*kidneys excrete waste containing urine
*liver discharges waste containing bile
*skin eliminates waste containing perspiration
*large intestine eliminates decomposed & undigested
food
*lungs exhale carbon dioxide
Respiratory System:
*Enables breathing
*Lungs are spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells
that exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide
*Diaphragm is a muscular wall that separates the thorax
from the abdominal region & helps control breathing
*Oxygen is more essential than food or water
Integumentary System:
*Skin and its accessory organs, such as the oil & sweat
glands, sensory receptors, hair & nails
Reproductive System:
Performs the function of producing opffspring and passing
on the genetic code from one generation to the next