Transcript lions 1 - shsbiology

Respiratory System
In Class Notes:
Sequence of breathing:
1. As the air enters the body through the nose or
mouth, it is warmed and moisture is added.
2. The air passes into the pharynx where the
passageways for air and food cross.
3. From the pharynx, the air passes the larynx
(voice-box).
4. Air then passes into the trachea (windpipe)
5. Air enters the lungs
Parts you should know:
How is breathing regulated?
• breathing is controlled by the medulla
oblongata (part of the brain near the top of
the spinal cord).
• Breathing is controlled by the carbon
dioxide rate in the body.
Name at least 3 disorders &
provide a description:
•
Lung Cancer
– recurring lung infections, such as pneumonia or bronchitis
– bloody or rust colored sputum
– a tumor that presses on large blood vessels near the lung can cause swelling of the neck
and face
– a tumor that presses on certain nerves near the lung causing pain and weakness in the
shoulder, arm, or hand
•
Pneumonia
–
•
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or chemical irritants.
It is a serious infection or inflammation in which the air sacs fill with pus and other liquid.
Tuberculosis
–
–
–
–
–
–
cough that will not go away
fatigue
loss of appetite
loss of weight
coughing blood
night perspiring
Function: (30.5)
• Exchange gases with the
environment
Organs Involved: (30.5)
• Mouth-Air enters through the mouth
• Nose-Air enters through here as well
• Pharynx(throat)-Air passes through going
into the larynx.
• Larynx-Voice box
• Trachea-Windpipe are passes through.
• Lungs-exchange oxygen and carbon
dioxide with the blood.
Diagram:
What effects does smoking have on
the respiratory system?
• The toxic substances in tobacco smoke irritate
the cells lining the bronchi and destroy the cilia.
• Without cilia the cells lose the ability to move
particles out of the respiratory system.
• Since the particles can not be removed the
smoker is at greater risk for diseases caused by
the particles.
• They have an increase risk of damage from air
pollution, dust, and airborne bacteria.