Chapter 11 – Part 2 The Cardiovascular System
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Transcript Chapter 11 – Part 2 The Cardiovascular System
Chapter 11 – Part 4
The Cardiovascular System
Major Arteries
Be able to identify the following 15 arteries:
Aorta – Largest
artery of the body
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Coronary arteries
Carotid arteries
Brachial artery
Renal artery
Axillary artery
Radial artery
Ulnar artery
Iliac artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Anterior tibial artery
Major Arteries of Systemic Circulation
Major Veins
Be able to identify the following 18 veins:
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Jugular veins
Renal vein
Femoral vein
Great saphenous
vein
Popliteal vein
Anterior tibial vein
Fibular vein
Iliac vein
Cephalic vein
Brachial vein
Basilic vein
Radial vein
Ulnar vein
Axillary vein
Great cardiac vein
Hepatic portal vein
Major Veins of Systemic Circulation
Arterial Supply of the Brain
A continuous supply to the brain is crucial,
since a lack of blood flow for even a few
minutes causes the delicate brain cells to die.
Supplied by two pairs of arteries: the carotid
arteries and the vertebral arteries.
Has a complete circle of connecting blood
vessels called the Circle of Willis, which
surrounds the base of the brain.
Provides more than one route for blood to
reach brain tissue in case of a clot or
impaired blood flow anywhere in the system.
Arterial Supply of the Brain
Hepatic Portal Circulation
Hepatic Portal Vein
Drain the digestive organs,
spleen, and pancreas
Deliver this blood to the liver
Liver - Key organ involved in
maintaining the proper glucose, fat, and protein
concentrations in the blood
Blood “takes a detour” through the liver
Some of the nutrients in the blood are removed or
processed
Veins feed into the liver
Circulation to the Fetus
Since the lungs and
digestive system are not
yet functioning in a fetus,
all nutrient, excretory,
and gas exchanges
occur through the
placenta.
Nutrients and oxygen
move from the mother’s
blood into the fetal blood
Fetal wastes move from
the fetal blood to the
mother’s blood
Circulation to the Fetus
The umbilical cord
contains three blood
vessels:
One large umbilical
vein – carries blood
rich in nutrients and
oxygen to the fetus
Two smaller umbilical
arteries – carries CO2
and debris-laden
blood from the fetus to
the placenta
Circulation to the Fetus
Circulation to the Fetus
As blood flows towards the heart of the fetus:
It bypasses the immature liver and the
nonfunctional and collapsed lungs
It enters the right atrium of the heart
Some of the blood entering the right atrium is
shunted directly into the left atrium through the
foramen ovale, a flaplike opening in the
interatrial septum.
The aorta carries blood to the tissues of the
fetal body and ultimately back to the placenta
through the umbilical arteries
Circulation to the Fetus
At birth, or shortly
after, the foramen
ovale closes.
As blood stops flowing
through the umbilical
vessels, they become
obliterated, and the
circulatory pattern
becomes that of an
adult.