Transcript One Small Breath at a Time

Pick up homework get out ISN
Taking Respiratory Notes
• Content Obj: You will demonstrate comprehension of
the respiratory system by writing in your ISN using the
correct anatomy terms.
• Language Obj: You will read about the respirtory
system and explain the function of each part.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4zOXOM6wgE
One Small Breath at a Time
The Respiratory System
What is in the air we breathe?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=HiT621PrrO0
Why do we breathe?
• We breathe in order to aide in
cellular respiration.
• When we inhale, oxygen reaches
our lungs, and is transferred to the
circulatory system.
• Blood carries the oxygen to
individual cells, while at the same
time, the digestive system supplies
the same cells with glucose.
Why do we breathe?
• The oxygen is used to release the
energy from glucose.
• Carbon dioxide and water (waste
products) are brought back to the
lungs and released when we exhale
How does it work?
1. Air enters your body through your
nostrils or mouth.
–
Here, fine hairs trap dust from air
2. Air passes through the nasal
cavity, and is moistened and
warmed by the body.
–
–
Mucus lines the nasal cavity and traps
dust, pollen, and other materials that
were not trapped by the nasal hairs.
Cilia, hair-like structures, sweep
mucus and trapped particles to the
back of the throat where it can be
swallowed. (Yum!)
How does it work?
How does it work?
3. Warmed moist air enters the
pharynx (tube like passageway
used by food, liquid, and air.
–
A flap of tissue, epiglottis, folds down
when you swallow in order to prevent
food from entering your airway.
How does it work?
4. Next, air moves into the larynx
(vocal cords are attached here).
–
–
As air moves between the cords it
causes them to vibrate and create
sound.
Muscles also tighten or loosen them
in order to create different sounds
5. Now, air moves into the trachea
(tube like structure that contains
strong cartilage to prevent the
trachea from collapsing)
–
Is also lined with mucus and cilia that
trap dust, bacteria, and pollen.
How does it work?
How does it work?
6. Air is carried into your lungs by
two short tubes called bronchi.
7. Air travels to even smaller tubes
called bronchioles.
How does it work?
8. Then, at the end of each
bronchiole, air reaches tiny thin
walled sacs called alveoli.
9. Finally, the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide (and other
wastes) takes place between the
alveoli and the capillaries
How does it work?
Inhale and Exhale
Diaphragm
• A large,
dome
shaped
muscle
that has
an
important
function in
breathing.
WHEN THE DIAPHRAGM…..
RELAXES, air is
pushed out of the
lungs and the lung
deflates
CONTRACTS,
pressure causes air
to fill the lungs and
causes the lungs to
inflate.
Diseases and Disorders
• Lung cancer
– More than 85% of all lung cancer is
related to smoking
– It is the 3rd leading cause of death in
the U.S.
– Tar and other carcinogenic
ingredients, contained in the cigarette,
gunk's up lungs and causes cancer
Diseases and Disorders
• Respiratory infections can be
caused by viruses, bacteria, or
other microorganisms.
– Common cold- effects upper
respiratory
– Flu – can effect alveoli
– Pneumonia – infection in alveoli
Diseases and Disorders
• Chronic bronchitis – bacterial
infection in the bronchial tubes
– May clear up in a few weeks, but in
chronic cases it can last for a long
time.
– The more a person coughs, the more
damage is done to the cilia and
bronchial tubes.
– As a result the lungs cannot be
removed from the lungs
Diseases and Disorders
• Emphysema – a disease in which
the alveoli in the lungs enlarge.
– Alveoli cannot push air out of the lungs
– As a result, there is less oxygen in the
blood, and shortness of breath occurs
– Because the heart must pump harder
in order for the body to receive enough
oxygen, people with emphysema often
develop heart problems
Diseases and Disorders
• Asthma – lung disorder in which
the bronchial tubes contract
quickly and can cause shortness of
breath, wheezing, or coughing.