Transcript LIFE Functions

_________ is an organism.
__________ is an organism
NAME ONE ORGANISM because
1.___________________
List three characteristics
2.___________________
that make this “thing” an
3.___________________
organism.
Hint: An
organism is any
living thing.
Organism
• Any living thing
• Examples:
– Shark -Tree
-Bacteria
– Human
-Bird
Characteristics of
Organisms
1. Living things are
organized
• Organisms are
composed of
(made of) cells
• Some organisms
are composed of
many cells and
some are
composed of
one cell
• Multi-cellular
and Uni-cellular
Examples of
Unicellular organisms
Examples of multicellular organisms
Bacteria, Paramecium
Humans, trees, dogs
How are
multicellular
organisms
organized?
Ex. Human
Ex. Digestive system
Ex. Liver
Ex. Liver tissue
Ex. Liver cells
2. Living
Things
Respond
Stimuli
or stimulus
(singular)
Living things react to
stimuli inside them or
in their surrounding
environment.
Anything that causes
a change in the
organism
Ex. Car horn or a
screaming baby
Stimuli can cause
a response
A reaction to the
stimuli is a response
Examples
Stimuli
~Phone rings
~Touch hot water
Response
~Walk over to phone
~Rapidly move your hand
3. Organisms
use energy
Organism use energy for
life activities.
The energy that is used by
organisms comes directly
or indirectly from the sun.
4. Organisms
grow and
develop
Growth is due to the
increase in number of
cells in any multi-cellular
organism.
Growth is due to
increase in size of the
cell in any uni-cellular
organism
5. Organisms
can reproduce
Organisms have the
ability to make more of
their own kind.
Without reproduction,
living things would not exist
to replace those individuals
that die, causing extinction.
Topic: Life
Aim: How do organisms survive?
DO NOW:
Review:
the scientific method
Handout
Experiment
Groups
Control
group
Experimental
group
What each
Group receives
Independent
Variable
Control
Dependent Variable:
End Result / What you expect to happen
Something you measure Key works: amount
Life Processes
aka
“life functions”
aka
“life activities”
Biological activities
that must be
performed by the
organism to survive
Life process PRETEST
http://www.woodlandsjunior.kent.sch.uk/revision/Science/life.html
1. Nutrition
Process in which
organisms take in
materials from the
environment to be
used by the body
2 types:
1. Heterotrophic
nutrition
organism must
obtain their food
from their
environment
because they
cannot make their
own
Steps of Heterotrophic
nutrition
A. Ingestion
Process of taking in
food
B. Digestion
Process of breaking
down food
C. Absorption
Process of nutrients
being diffused into
the bloodstream
D. Egestion
Process of removing
undigested food
called feces
2. Autotrophic
nutrition organisms
have the ability to
make food from
raw materials from
their environment
By the process of
photosynthesis
2. Respiration
Release of ENERGY
found in nutrients
needed to
perform various
activities
Glucose
Energy
+
+
Water
Oxygen
+
Carbon
Dioxide
TWO TYPES of
respiration
A.Aerobic
Respiration
Requires oxygen
B. Anaerobic
Respiration
Does NOT require
oxygen
3.Transport
Circulation,
distribution, and
absorption of
materials
throughout the
organism or
through a cell
Carried out by the
Circulatory
system
Carried out by
your cells
Other living things have circulatory
systems like we do…
The chloroplasts in plants cells must be able to
move around inside the cell = TRANSPORT
Topic: Life
Aim: How are life functions linked to
homeostasis?
DO NOW:
Explain how a life
function helps an
organisms survive.
___________ helps
an organism to
survive because
__________________
__________________
_________________.
4.
Locomotion
Movement of the
entire body from
one place to
another or
movement of body
parts
Animals move their whole bodies to get
from one place to another
Plants turn towards the light and their
roots grow down into the soil
5. Excretion
Removal of
metabolic/cellular
wastes
Cellular wastes: wastes
made by your cells
CO2, water, salt,
nitrogen wastes called
urea
Sweat = water, salt, urea
(nitrogen waste)
6. Growth
When there is
an increase in
cell number
Cancer
when the cells
divide
uncontrollably
Topic: Life
Aim: How are life functions linked to
homeostasis? PART II
DO NOW:
List 3 life functions
and describe how
they help the
organisms.
7.Reproduction
Production of new
individuals
As an individual, a
living thing doesn’t
have to reproduce
BUT as a species it
must in order to
keep it’s kind alive
Two types
1. Asexual
reproduction
requires one
parent cell to
divided
(reproduce)
2. Sexual
reproduction
requires 2 parent
cells to combine
genetic material
to form a new
organism
8. Synthesis
When small
molecules come
together to form
large molecules
9. Regulation
Control &
Coordination of all
life processes in
order to maintain
homeostasis
Metabolism
Rate/pace at
which the
organism
performs the life
processes in the
body
Every single thing
carries out
metabolic
activities
The body's ability to
regulate its internal
environment to
maintain stability in
response to changes in
the outside
environment.
Maintaining a
stable, internal
environment
Medial Summary
Life process POSTTEST
http://www.woodlandsjunior.kent.sch.uk/revision/Science/life.html