Transcript Respiratory System - Valhalla High School

Human Organ Systems
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The Respiratory
System
Function
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The respiratory
systems main job is
gas exchange.
The respiratory
system supplies your
body with oxygen
needed for
respiration.
The respiratory
system also works to
remove CO2 gas.
Function cont.
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Your respiratory works with other organ
systems to help you maintain
homeostasis.
Digestive and Circulatory: Respiratory
system works with these two systems to
provide the raw materials for cellular
respiration.
 Excretory system: The respiratory system
aids in the removal of metabolic wastes: CO2
and H2O
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Components
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Nose: Nose is the primary
entry and exit site of gases in
the body. Mucous and Cilia
(fine hairs) help to moisten and
filter the air you breath.
The air is also warmed as it
passes through your nasal
passageways.
Mouth: Secondary entry and
exit site for gases. Important
especially during physical
exertion when the body needs
more O2 and is producing more
CO2.
Pharynx, Larynx and Trachea
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Once the air leaves your
nose or mouth, it next
travels into your Pharynx
(Throat).
Next the air passes
through your larynx
(Voicebox)
The air then travels past
a protective flap on tissue
called the epiglottis, and
into your trachea
(Windpipe).
The trachea carries the
air into your lungs.
Lungs
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Another important
component of the
respiratory system are
the lungs.
The lungs are lobed air
sacs that are found in the
thoracic cavity.
The right lung has 3
lobes, the left lung has 2.
They are surround by a
thin membrane called the
Pleura.
Air vessels
You trachea splits off into two large air
tubes called the left and right Bronchi.
 The bronchi branch off to form smaller
tubules called bronchioles
 The bronchioles get even smaller and end
up in small grapelike bundles called
alveoli.
 It is at the alveoli that gas exchange
occurs.
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A two-way street
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o
Unlike your digestive system,
your respiratory system only
one point of entry and exit.
Air flows into your body is this
order.
Nose or mouth  Pharynx 
Larynx  Trachea  left or
right bronchi  bronchioles 
Alevoli.
It leaves your body through the
same structures just in reverse
order.
Air pressure
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The air flows into and out
of your lungs due to
differences in air pressure
inside and outside your
lungs.
Every breath you take has
two components, an
inhalation, and an
exhalation.
Inhalation requires energy
while exhalation does not.
“I never inhaled” –B. Clinton
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When you inhale, a large muscle located at the
bottom of your lungs called the diaphragm
contracts.
When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls
downward on your lungs, causing them to
increase in volume.
As volume is increased, the air pressure inside
you lungs decreases.
The air moves from high pressure (outside) to
low pressure (inside)
Waiting to exhale
When you relax your diaphragm it allows
the lungs to go back to their relaxed state.
 The lungs lose volume which causes the
air pressure to increase.
 This increase in air pressure causes the
air in your lungs to be forced out of your
body.
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Breathing summary
Inhalation: Volume of lungs increases, air
pressure decreases, air flows in.
 Exhalation: Volume of lungs decreases,
air pressure increases, air flows out.
 Also aiding in this process are muscles
between your ribs called intercoastals.
 The intercoastals help increase the
volume of your lungs by expanding the rib
cage during inhalation.
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Video
Lets watch a short video that will give us a
good look at what happens everytime we
breathe in, and breathe out.
 Respiratory system video
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