Bio 126 Animal Groups - Diablo Valley College
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Transcript Bio 126 Animal Groups - Diablo Valley College
Animal Groups
Bio 126 – Nature Study
Sponges
Filter feeders
Simplest animals
No muscles, no nerves,brain
Very flat, small in cool California waters
Sessile as adults
Cnidarians
Sac-like gut (one opening)
Tentacles with stingers (nematocysts)
Have simple muscle-like contractile cells
Have a simple sensory cells in a simple
nervous network
Have Polyp and Medusa forms
Corals are Polyps forms
Sea Jellies are medusa forms
Nematodes – Roundworms
Bilateral symmetry
Cephalized (has a head)
Flow-through digestion
Hollow (pseudoceolomate) body
Common in
Soil
Parasites on plant roots
Some are human parasites too !
Mollusks
Mantle
May secrete shell -exoskeleton
Muscular Foot
Gills
Snails have scraping radula
Types of Mollusks
Gastropods – Stomach-foot
Chitons – 8 plates
Bivalves
Snail, slug
Nudibranch
Clams, scallops, oysters, mussels
Cephalopods – Head-foot
Squid, Octopus
Foot divided into tentacles
Most intelligent non-vertebrate
Annelids- Earthworms
Circulatory system
Segmented worms
Hermaphrodites
Cuticle
Also:
Leeches
Pile worms
Arthropods
Hardened exoskeleton of chitin
Molting between stages
Segmented body plans
Jointed appendages
Division of labor in lifecycle
Larvae
Metamorphosis
Arthropod groups
Insects
Spiders & mites
Crustaceans
Crabs, crayfish
Barnacles
Millipedes & centipedes
Echinoderms – spiny skin
Gone back to radial-like symmetry
Hardened spine skin
Internal skeleton
Tube feet
Water vascular system
Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars
Tunicates – sea squirts
Cellulose tunica surrounds animal
Adult a sessile filter feeder
Larvae swims, has tails, nervous
system
Cartilaginous fish
Sharks and rays
Bony fish
Many types
Amphibians
Still need water to breed
Juvenile still a fish
Thin, moist skin
Tetrapods
Walks like a fish out of water
Reptiles
Scaly skin, resists drying out
Amniote eggs –
On land, in a moist nest in soil
Leathery shell
internal fertilization
Kidneys – conserve water
Aves- the birds
Warm blooded
Feathers for insulation, later for flight
Hollow bones
Efficient respiration
Intelligent
Amniote eggs with hardened shell
Mammals
Warm blooded
Hair for insulation
Nourish young with milk
Intelligent
Long Parental care period
Learned behaviors
Specific dentition